小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全
小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全
在現(xiàn)實(shí)學(xué)習(xí)生活中，大家對(duì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)應(yīng)該都不陌生吧？知識(shí)點(diǎn)是知識(shí)中的最小單位，最具體的內(nèi)容，有時(shí)候也叫“考點(diǎn)”。為了幫助大家掌握重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)，下面是小編整理的小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全，歡迎閱讀與收藏。
小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法
主語在句首，am is are 跟在后，
現(xiàn)在分詞跟著走，其他成分不可丟。
表示動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行，句中now時(shí)間定。
一般問句，把be提到句前去。
否定句式也簡(jiǎn)單，be后只把not添。
二、特殊疑問句用法。
What用途廣，要問“什么”它當(dāng)先。（What's this?）
How開頭來“問安”。（How are you?）
Who 問“誰”。（Who's that man?）
“誰的”Whose來承擔(dān)。（Whose eraser is this?）
詢問“某地”用Where。（Where is her cat?）
“哪一個(gè)”which句首站。（which one?）
三、動(dòng)詞加-s或-es方法歌訣
動(dòng)詞三單現(xiàn)在式，一般詞尾加-s。
s,x,ch,sh在詞尾，直接加上-es。
詞尾若是字母o，加上-es不用愁。
“輔音字母+y”來結(jié)尾，變y為i是正規(guī)。
-es后邊緊跟隨，study——studies看明白。
四、“be going to”的用法口訣
be going to，表打算，準(zhǔn)備、計(jì)劃將干。
表可能，有必然，通過現(xiàn)象來推斷。
使用它，要注意，疑問形式be提前。
否定句，更簡(jiǎn)單，not放在be后邊。
to之后，動(dòng)原型，be的形式看人稱。
下列詞，要注意，come go 和離去（leave）
進(jìn)行時(shí)，表將來，牢牢記住莫忘記。
小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
一、形容詞性物主代詞。
1、形容詞性物主代詞8個(gè)：
My、your、his、her、its、our、your、their
我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我們的、你們的、它（他、她）們的
2、形容詞性物主代詞的特點(diǎn)：
①譯成漢語都有“的”eg：my 我的 their 他們的
�、诤竺婕用~：eg：my backpack his name
③前后不用冠詞 a an the
This is a my eraser（錯(cuò)誤）
That is your a pen（錯(cuò)誤）
It's his the pen（錯(cuò)誤）
3、I（物主代詞）my you（物主代詞）your he（物主代詞）her we（物主代詞）our
注：在變物主代詞時(shí)，把原題所給的詞加上的，再譯成單詞就可以了。
二、名詞性物主代詞
1、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞一樣有8個(gè)：
Mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、yours、theirs
我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我們的.、你們的、它（他、她）們的
2、名詞性物主代詞的特點(diǎn)：
①譯成漢語都有“的”
②后面不加名詞
③名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞
eg：the pen is mine 鋼筆是我的 （mine=my pen）
三、單數(shù)的句子變成復(fù)數(shù)的句子
把單數(shù)的句子變成復(fù)數(shù)的句子很簡(jiǎn)單，變法是把能變成復(fù)數(shù)的詞變成復(fù)數(shù)，但a或an要去掉。
特殊疑問詞、形容詞、國(guó)家及地點(diǎn)通常不變。
eg：把下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)
1、I have a car.——We have cars.
2、He is an American boy.——They are American boys.
3、It's a car.——They are cars.
4、This is an eraser.——These are erasers.
5、That is a backpack.——Those are backpacks.
6、I'm an English teather.——We are English teachers.
7、It's a new shirt.——They are new shirts.
8、He's a boy.——They are boys.
9、She's a singer.——They are singers.
10、What's this in English?——What are these in English?
小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
一、動(dòng)詞be（is，am，are）的用法
我（I）用am，你（you）用are，is跟著他（he）、她（she）、它（it）。
單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定，更容易，be后not加上去。變疑問，往前提，句末問好莫丟棄。還有一條需注意，句首大寫莫忘記。
二、this，that 和 it 的用法。
① this 和 that 是指示代詞，it 是人稱代詞。
�、诰嚯x說話人近的人或物用 this，距離說話人遠(yuǎn)的人或物用 that。
如：This is a flower.這是一朵花（近處）
That is a tree.那是一棵樹（遠(yuǎn)處）
�、鄯旁谝黄鸬膬蓸�?xùn)|西，先說this，后說that。
如：This is a pen.這是一只鋼筆。
That is a pencil.那是一只鉛筆。
�、芟騽e人介紹某人時(shí)說 this is ......不說 that is ......。
如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.這是海倫。海倫，這是湯姆。
�、軹his is 不能縮寫，而 That is 可以縮寫。
如：This is a bike.這是一輛自行車。
That's a car.那是一輛轎車。
�、藿榻B自己，打電話時(shí)用 this，詢問對(duì)方用 that。
如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂！是格林小姐嗎？
Yes,this is.Who's that? 是的，我是。你是誰？
注意：雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”，但是英語打電話種絕對(duì)不可以說：I am......，
are you......?/Who are you?
⑦在回答 this 或 that 作主語的疑問句時(shí)，要用 it 代替 this 或 that。
如：Is this a notebook?這是筆記本嗎？
Yes,it is.是的，它是。
What's that? 那是什么？
It's a kite. 是只風(fēng)箏。
小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)4
1、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)�；蛄�(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。
2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，沒有be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動(dòng)詞要按規(guī)則加上s，主語是非第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動(dòng)詞用原形。
3.在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，否定句在be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not，一般疑問句將be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在句首。 4.在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中沒有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動(dòng)詞前加does+not (doesn’t)，一般疑問句在句首加does，句子中原有動(dòng)詞用原形;主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)，否定句用do+not (don’t)，一般疑問句在句首加do，句子中動(dòng)詞用原形。
動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.
3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
動(dòng)詞加ing的'變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
4、be going to
1.be going to 表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事情。
2.肯定句：be going to +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim is going to play football. 否定句：be not going to +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim is not going to play football. 一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首，如：Is Jim going to play football? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語+going to+動(dòng)詞原形?如：What is Jim going to do? 疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+be+going to+動(dòng)詞原形?如：Who is going to play football?
5、一般過去時(shí)
1.一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)�；蚍磸�(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。
2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：
�、臿m 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasn’t)
�、芶re在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren’t)
�、菐в衱as或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。
3.句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子
否定句：didn’t +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句：
⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形?如： What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式?如：Who went to home yesterday?
動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：
1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，
再加-ed，如：study-studied
5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)5
1.人稱代詞
主格： I we you she he it they
賓格： me us you her him it them
形容詞性物主代詞：my our your her his its their
名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容詞和副詞的比較
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞后+er
older ,taller, longer, stronger
(2) 多音節(jié)詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規(guī)則變化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
Most nouns + s abook –books
Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o+s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可數(shù)名詞（單復(fù)數(shù)不變）
bread, rice, water ,juice等。
5.縮略形式
I’m= I a， you’re = you are， she’s= she is， he’s = he is
it’s= it is， who’s =who is， can’t =can not， isn’t=is not等。
6.a/an
a book, a peach
an egg， an hour
7.Preposition
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind.
表示時(shí)間： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday， on 15th July， On National Day
in the evening， in December， in winter
8.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
one – first， two-second，twenty-twentieth
9.some/any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10.be動(dòng)詞
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑問句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No,they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes,it is. No, it isn’t.
11.there be結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定句：There is a …
Thereare …
一般疑問句: Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Arethere…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t ….
Therearen’t….
12.祈使句
Sit down please
Don’tsit down, please.
13.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
通常用“now”.
形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動(dòng)詞—ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
通常用 “usually, often, every day,sometimes”。
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
一般疑問句:
Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
否定句： We don’t go to school on Sundays.
My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.
15.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
can,must, should后面直接用動(dòng)詞原形。
eg: 1. I / He / She / They can sing.
2．You should keep quiet in the library.
16.一般過去時(shí)態(tài)
�。╝） be 動(dòng)詞的過去式:
I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….
一般疑問句was, were 放在句首。
�。╞） 動(dòng)詞過去式：
肯定句： I watched cartoons.
She visited the zoo.
一般疑問句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, shedidn’t.
否定句： They didn’t go the the part yesterday.
He didn’t make model ships last week.
(3)動(dòng)詞過去式的變化：
規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：
Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。
Verbs ending in e+d eg liked。
Verbs ending in aconsonant +y --y +ied eg : study—studied
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant eg:stop --stopped
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：
is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew,
eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank 等等
17.Wh-"questions"
What are you doing?
What colour is it?
What time is it?/ What’s the time?
Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?
Who’sthe man with a big nose?
Whose bag is it?
When is your birthday?
Where is my ball pen?
Why do you like summer?
How many books are there in the school bag?
How old is the young man?
How much is the toy bear?
How do you go to school every day?
1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
A、表示不受時(shí)限的客觀存在如：He is a boy. She is a student.
My mother is anurse. This is a dog. I have a book.
B、表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，即指現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用來表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間里某種動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性。它常與表示程度或頻度的詞連用，
如：often（經(jīng)常） , usually（通常，一般） , sometimes（有時(shí)） ,
always（總是，一直） , never（從不）
如：I often go to school on foot.
My father works in a school.
Mike watches TV every day.
I usually playcomputer games on the weekend.
C、表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的狀態(tài)和現(xiàn)在瞬間動(dòng)作.如：How are you? You look happy. What’s the matterwith you? I have a headache. What do you have for lunch? I have some chicken.
☆注意☆ 英語動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)與原形同形。但當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在詞尾加s 或 -es。例如：I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的動(dòng)詞必須是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母結(jié)尾的。如：watches , teaches ,goes , washes
2、一般將來時(shí)
表示在將來會(huì)發(fā)生的事或動(dòng)作。它常與表示將來的時(shí)間連用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year ,this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等
☆注意☆ 一般將來時(shí)小學(xué)階段主要學(xué)了兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：
�、賐e going to + 動(dòng)詞的原形 / 地點(diǎn)
�、趙ill + 動(dòng)詞的原形
例句： I’m going to go shopping thisafternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky.
3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
☆注意☆它的構(gòu)成是：be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式（am , is , are）加動(dòng)詞的ing形式。
如：What are you doing? I’m writing a letter. What arethey doing? They’re swimming.Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.Look, Amy is reading an English book.
☆ 注意☆ 動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：
☆ ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
�、� 以e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing
�、� 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母的（此類動(dòng)詞極少）有：running , swimming, sitting , getting
�。础⒁话氵^去時(shí)
主要用來表示在特定過去時(shí)間中一次完成的動(dòng)作或一度存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。它與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間不發(fā)生關(guān)系，它表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。它經(jīng)常與表示過去的時(shí)間連用。如：I went to a park yesterday. I read a book last night. I watched TVyesterday evening.I went on a big trip last weekend. I failed my Chinese test.
☆注意☆ 一般過去時(shí)主要體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞的形式要用過去式，動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：
�。�、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
① 一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed��；如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
�、凇∫詄結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d�。蝗纭ived, danced , used
③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed�。ù祟悇�(dòng)詞較少）如 study –studied carry – carried worry – worried （play、stay除外）④ 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母（此類動(dòng)詞較少）如 stopped
Ｂ、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞（此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記）小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過去式：
sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did ,
go – went , take– took , get – got , read – read , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , tell – told , come – came , drink – drank
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