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英語(yǔ)作文介紹一下美國(guó)
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英語(yǔ)作文介紹一下美國(guó)1
The United States of America, also known as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., and America, is a country in North America that shares land borders with Canada and Mexico, and a sea border with Russia. Extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, the United States is a federal republic, with its capital in Washington, D.C.
The present-day continental United States has been inhabited for at least 15,000 years by indigenous tribes.[1] After European exploration and settlement in the 16th century, the English established their own colonies—and gained control of others that had been begun by other European nations—in the eastern portion of the continent in the 17th and early 18th centuries. On 4 July 1776, at war with Britain over fair governance, thirteen of these colonies declared their independence. In 1783, the war ended in British acceptance of the new nation. Since then, the country has more than quadrupled in size: it now consists of 50 states and one federal district; it also has numerous overseas territories.
At over 3.7 million square miles (over 9.5 million km), the U.S. is the third or fourth largest country by total area, depending on whether the disputed areas of China are included. It is the world's third most populous nation, with nearly 300 million people.
The United States has maintained a liberal democratic political system since it adopted its Articles of Confederation on 1 March 1781 and the Constitution, the Articles' replacement, on 17 September 1787. American military, economic, cultural, and political influence increased throughout the 20th century; with the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of the Cold War, the nation emerged as the world's sole remaining superpower.[2] Today, it plays a major role in world affairs.
The earliest known use of the name America is from 1507, when a globe and a large map created by the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller in Saint-Die-des-Vosges described the combined continents of North and South America. Although the origin of the name is uncertain[3], the most widely held belief is that expressed in an accompanying book, Cosmographiae Introductio, which explains it as a feminized version of the Latin name of Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci (Americus Vespucius); in Latin, the other continents' names were all feminine. Vespucci theorized, correctly, that Christopher Columbus, on reaching islands in the Caribbean Sea in 1492, had come not to India but to a "New World".
The Americas were also known as Columbia, after Columbus, prompting the name District of Columbia for the land set aside as the U.S. capital. Columbia remained a popular name for the United States until the early 20th century, when it fell into relative disuse; but it is still used poetically and appears in various names and titles. A female personification of the country is also called Columbia; she is similar to Britannia.[4][5][6][7] Columbus Day, a holiday in the U.S. and other countries in the Americas commemorating Columbus' October 1492 landing.
The term "united States of America" was first used officially in the Declaration of Independence, adopted on 4 July 1776. On 15 November 1777, the Second Continental Congreadopted the Articles of Confederation, the first of which stated "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United States of America.'"
The adjectival and demonymic forms for the United States are American, a point of controversy among some.
美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó),也被稱為美國(guó),美國(guó),美國(guó)美國(guó),是一個(gè)在北美國(guó)家,陸地邊界與加拿大和墨西哥,和一個(gè)與俄羅斯的海上邊界。從大西洋到太平洋,美國(guó)是一個(gè)聯(lián)邦共和國(guó),為首都的華盛頓特區(qū)
當(dāng)今美國(guó)大陸已經(jīng)居住了至少15000年的土著部落。[1]在16世紀(jì)歐洲的探索和殖民之后,英國(guó)建立了自己的殖民地和控制他人所開(kāi)始較之其他歐洲大陸的東部地區(qū)在17和18世紀(jì)早期。1776年7月4日,在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與英國(guó)公平治理,十三個(gè)殖民地宣布獨(dú)立。在1783年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后在英國(guó)接受的新國(guó)家。自那以來(lái),中國(guó)已超過(guò)四倍大小:現(xiàn)在由50個(gè)州和一個(gè)聯(lián)邦地區(qū);它還有眾多的海外領(lǐng)土。
超過(guò)370萬(wàn)平方英里(370萬(wàn)多公里),美國(guó)是第三或第四大的國(guó)家,面積,取決于中國(guó)的爭(zhēng)議地區(qū)。它是世界上第三人口最多的國(guó)家,有近3億人。
美國(guó)一直保持著自由民主政治體系的文章,因?yàn)樗捎昧寺?lián)盟1781年3月1日,憲法,文章的更換,1787年9月17日。美國(guó)的軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和政治影響力增加貫穿整個(gè)20世紀(jì),隨著蘇聯(lián)解體,冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,美國(guó)成為這個(gè)世界剩下的唯一超級(jí)大國(guó)。今天[2],它在世界事務(wù)中扮演著重要的角色。
最早使用的名稱美國(guó)從1507年開(kāi)始,當(dāng)一個(gè)截止閥和一個(gè)大地圖創(chuàng)建的瓦爾德澤米勒所繪制德國(guó)地理學(xué)家馬丁在Saint-Die-des-Vosges描述了北美和南美大陸。雖然名字的起源是不確定的[3],最普遍的信仰是表示在一本書(shū),Cosmographiae Introductio,這也解釋了它作為一個(gè)女性化版本的拉丁名字的意大利探險(xiǎn)家阿美利哥韋斯普奇(絨毛Vespucius);在拉丁語(yǔ)中,其他大陸的名字都是女性。韋斯普奇的理論正確,克里斯托弗·哥倫布到達(dá)1492年在加勒比海島嶼,已經(jīng)不是印度,而是一個(gè)“新的`世界”。
美洲也被稱為哥倫比亞,在哥倫布,促使土地的名字特區(qū)留出隨著美國(guó)資本。美國(guó)哥倫比亞大學(xué)仍然是一個(gè)受歡迎的名字,直到20世紀(jì)初,當(dāng)它落入相對(duì)廢棄;但它仍然是用詩(shī)意和出現(xiàn)在不同的名字和頭銜。國(guó)家也被稱為哥倫比亞的女性化身,她是類似于不列顛。哥倫布日,假期在美國(guó)和其他國(guó)家在美洲紀(jì)念哥倫布1492年10月著陸。
“美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)”這個(gè)詞第一次被使用在《獨(dú)立宣言》正式通過(guò)1776年7月4日。1777年11月15日,第二屆大陸Congreadopted聯(lián)盟的文章,第一個(gè)表示“本聯(lián)盟的階梯美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)。”
形容詞的和demonymic形式對(duì)美國(guó)是美國(guó)人,在一些爭(zhēng)議。
英語(yǔ)作文介紹一下美國(guó)2
Based on historical documents, modern survey and statistics, as well as the result of predecessor studies, the trend and main process of forest dynamics are recognized. The forest area and forest coverage rates for each province of China from 1700 to 1949 are es- timated backward by every 50 years. Linking the result with modern National Forest Inventory data, the spatial-temporal dynamics of Chinese forest in recent 300 years (AD 1700–1998) is quantitatively analyzed. The study shows that in recent 300 years, the forest area in current territory of China has declined by 0.95×108 hm2 (or 9.2% of the coverage rate) in total, with a trend of decrease and recovery. Before the 1960s, there was a trend of accelerated de- scending. The forest area was reduced by 1.66×108 hm2 (or 17% of the coverage rate) in 260 years. While after the 1960s, there has been a rapid increase. The forest area increased by 0.7×108 hm2 (or 8% of the coverage rate) in 40 years. The study also shows that there is a significant spatial difference in the dynamics of forest. The amplitudes of increasing and de- creasing in western China are both smaller than the ones in eastern China. During the rapid declining period from 1700 to 1949, the most serious decrease appeared in the Northeast, the Southwest and the Southeast, where the coverage rate in most provinces dropped over 20%. In Heilongjiang Province, the coverage rate dropped by 50%. In Jilin Province, it dropped by 36%. In Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, it dropped by 42%. In Yunnan Prov- ince, it dropped by 35%. During the recovery period 1949–1998, the western provinces, mu- nicipality and autonomous regions, including Ningxia, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Si- chuan–Chongqing, Yunnan, Tibet, Xinjiang and Qinghai, etc, the increase rates are all below 5%, while the eastern provinces, municipality and autonomous regions (except Heilongjiang, Hubei, Jiangsu–Shanghai) have achieved an increase over 5%, among which the Guang- dong–Hainan, Guangxi, Anhui, Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Zhejiang, and Fu- jian have an increase over 10%.
根據(jù)歷史文獻(xiàn)、現(xiàn)代調(diào)查和統(tǒng)計(jì),以及前人研究的結(jié)果,這一趨勢(shì)和主要森林動(dòng)態(tài)識(shí)別的過(guò)程。每個(gè)省的森林面積、森林覆蓋率從1700年到1949年中國(guó)的es - timated向后每50年。連接結(jié)果與現(xiàn)代國(guó)家森林庫(kù)存數(shù)據(jù),中國(guó)森林的時(shí)空動(dòng)力學(xué)在最近300年(公元1700年- 1700年)是定量分析。研究表明,在最近的300年,森林面積在當(dāng)前中國(guó)境內(nèi)已經(jīng)下降了0.95×108款hm2(或9.2%的覆蓋率),減少和恢復(fù)的趨勢(shì)。在1960年代之前,有一個(gè)趨勢(shì),加速de -左右搖晃。森林面積減少1.66×108款hm2(或17%的覆蓋率)在260年。在1960年代后,迅速增加。森林面積增加了0.7×108款hm2(或8%的覆蓋率)在40年。研究還表明,存在著顯著的.空間差異的動(dòng)態(tài)的森林。的振幅增加,de -壓痕在中國(guó)西部都是低于中國(guó)東部的。快速下降的時(shí)期從1700年到1949年,最嚴(yán)重的減少出現(xiàn)在東北,西南和東南,大部分省份的覆蓋率下降超過(guò)20%。在黑龍江省,覆蓋率下降了50%。在吉林省,下降了36%。在四川省和重慶市,下降了42%。云南箴言——因斯,下降了35%。復(fù)蘇期間1949 - 1998年,西部省份,μ- nicipality和自治區(qū),包括寧夏、甘肅、內(nèi)蒙古、Si - chuan-Chongqing,云南、西藏、新疆和青海、等,增加率都低于5%,東部省份,直轄市、自治區(qū)(除黑龍江、湖北、Jiangsu-Shanghai)實(shí)現(xiàn)了增加超過(guò)5%,其中光——dong-Hainan、廣西、安徽、京津冀、山東、河南、浙江、和傅——?jiǎng)σ呀?jīng)增加超過(guò)10%。
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