Unit 4 Green World
I. Reading comprehension of The Birth of Science
1. Before Linnaeus botany was ________.
A. studied by doctors B. unknown to anyone
C. fully developed D. a branch of medicine
2. It was ________ who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.
A. Joseph Banks B. Captain Cook
C. Linnaeus D. Daniel Solander
3. Paragraph one of the text "The birth of a science" mainly tells us ________.
A. the importance of botany
B. how to classify plant species into groups
C. Linnaeus'contribution to botany
D. Linnaeus'discoveries about different species
4. Captain Cook made ____ voyages altogether around the world.
A. one B. two
C. three D. four
Keys: 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C
II. Language Points in the Main Reading Selection
1. classify vt.編排；分類
e.g. The books in the library are classified by subject.
圖書館的書是按照科目分類的。
classify sb. / sth. (as sth. ) 將某人／某物歸類
e.g. Would you classify her novels as serious literature or as mere entertainment？
你認為她的小說屬于文學類呢，還是屬于通俗讀物類?
classified（常作定語）分類的
a classified directory分類電話簿 classified advertisements 分類廣告
2. procedure n．程序 (尤指工商、法律、政治等事務的）
e.g. Stop arguing about（questions of）procedure and lets get down to business.
別再為程序（問題）爭辯了，咱們著手議正事吧。
procedure (for sth) 手續；步驟
e.g. What’s the procedure for opening a bank account？在銀兒開個賬戶要辦什么手續？
3. group v．集合，使成群；分類
e.g. The children grouped round the piano．孩子們集合在鋼琴周圍。
We can group animals into several types．我們可以把動物分成好幾類。
4. promote vt.
a. 提升．晉升
e.g. My daughters just been promoted！我的女兒剛被提升了！
The football team was promoted to the first division．該足球隊已晉升為甲級隊。
b. 促進；鼓勵，推動
The organization works to promote friendship between nations.
該組織旨在促進各國之間的友誼。
5. appoint
appoint sb. (to sth) appoint sb (as sth.0 挑選（某人）做某工作或任某職位；任命；
e.g. They have appointed a new manager．他們已經任用了一位新經理。
Who shall we appoint（as）chairperson？我們選派誰擔任主席呢？
He was appointed to the vacant post．他被委派填補那空缺。
appoint sth. for sth 確定或決定某事物
e.g. They have appointed a date for the meeting. 他們已經約定了開會的日期。
6. calculate vt. 計算；推算; 估算
e.g. They use a computer to calculate the cost of a journey. 他們用電腦算出旅行的費用。
I calculate that we will reach London at about 3 p.m. 我估計我們大約在下午3點到達倫敦。
be calculated to do sth．旨在，打算或計劃做某事
e.g. His speech was calculated to stir up the crowd．他講的話是有意鼓勵群眾的。
n．calculation計算，推算
7. expense n．花費，費用，經費
e.g. It’s too much of an expense to own a car．擁有一輛汽車的花費太大。
at one’s expense 由某人負擔費用
e.g. He had his book printed at his own expense．他自己出錢印了書。
at the expense of sth 在損失或損壞某事物的情況下
He built up a successful business, but it was all done at the expense of his health.
他創建的企業很成功，但這一切都損害門也的健康。
8. accumulate
a. vt. 積累；聚集
e.g. By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她由于投資精明而積蓄了一筆財產。
My savings are accumulating interest．我的儲蓄不斷生息。
b. vi. 增加
Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.
房間不經常打掃．塵土很快就越積越多。
n．accumulation金錢、知識、經驗的積累
9. involve vt.
a. 需要
The job involved me in London, 工作需要我住在倫敦。
b. 牽涉，牽連；包括
The strike involved many people. 許多人參加了罷工。
involve sb. ／sth. in sth. ／doing sth．使某人／某事物陷人或參與某活動
Don’t involve me in solving your problem. 叫你解決你的問題，不要把我拉進去。
He was involved in a heated argument．他參與了一場激烈的爭論。
Exercises:
I. Write down the following phrases.
1. 把……分類
2. 按照
3. 以……為基礎
4. 任命某人人為……
5.計算……之間的距離
6.留心，警惕
7. 一代一代傳下去
8. 適應
9. 總而言之
10.詳細地
11. 參與……;陷入……活動
12. 搜索；尋找
Keys:
1. classify…into 2. according to 3. be based on 4. appoint sb as…
5. calculate the distance between… 6. look out for 7. pass from one generation to generation 8. adapt to 9. all in all 10. in detail 11. be involved in 12. search for
II. Fill in the blank with a proper preposition or adverb.
1. He went out ________ taxi this morning because he was attending a meeting ________great importance.
2. He was angry ________ his son’s words but pleased ________ his daughter s coming.
3. He is tall ________ a boy ________ ten.
4. The two balls fell ________ the same speed and landed ________ the ground at the same time.
5. Go ________ the gate and you'll see the entrance ________ the park on the other side.
6. This novel is based ________ historical facts.
7. There is a bell ________ the patient's reach, so he can ask _______ help when necessary.
8. There is an age difference ________ six years ________ them.
9. The ring was handed ________ ________generation ________ generation.
10 The work will he finished ________ a week or so.
Keys:
1. by, of 2. at, with 3. for, of 4. at, on 5. through, to 6. on 7. within, for
8. of, between 9. down from, to 10. in
III. Fill in the blank with the proper form of the given verb.
1. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _______ (tell) the cloth ________ (wash) well.
2. The sun was shining brightly, _________(make) everything there____(look) more beautiful.
3. They looked forward with hope________(get)a chance to receive further education.
4. It was ________ ( play) computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to ________(spend) on his lessons.
5. ________ (see)the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree_____(frighten)to death.
6. ________ (wear out) after a long walk, Mary called and said she couldn't go to the party.
7. ________(hunt) by everyone, the wolves had nowhere (hide) themselves.
8. ---Would you like me ________(turn down) the radio a bit?
---No, it's all right. I'm used to________ (work) with the radio on.
9. ---You've agreed to go, but why aren't you getting ready?
But I ________ (not realize) that you ________(want) me to start at once.
10. ---Bob, you ________(want) on the phone.
---I ________(come).
Keys:
1. have been told, washes 2. making, look 3. to getting 4. playing, have spent
5. Seeing, frightened 6. Worn out 7. Hunted, to hide 8. to turn down, working
9. didn’t realize, wanted 10. are wanted, am coming
Unit 4 Green World
I. Reading comprehension of The Birth of Science
1. Before Linnaeus botany was ________.
A. studied by doctors B. unknown to anyone
C. fully developed D. a branch of medicine
2. It was ________ who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.
A. Joseph Banks B. Captain Cook
C. Linnaeus D. Daniel Solander
3. Paragraph one of the text "The birth of a science" mainly tells us ________.
A. the importance of botany
B. how to classify plant species into groups
C. Linnaeus'contribution to botany
D. Linnaeus'discoveries about different species
4. Captain Cook made ____ voyages altogether around the world.
A. one B. two
C. three D. four
Keys: 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C
II. Language Points in the Main Reading Selection
1. classify vt.編排；分類
e.g. The books in the library are classified by subject.
圖書館的書是按照科目分類的。
classify sb. / sth. (as sth. ) 將某人／某物歸類
e.g. Would you classify her novels as serious literature or as mere entertainment？
你認為她的小說屬于文學類呢，還是屬于通俗讀物類?
classified（常作定語）分類的
a classified directory分類電話簿 classified advertisements 分類廣告
2. procedure n．程序 (尤指工商、法律、政治等事務的）
e.g. Stop arguing about（questions of）procedure and lets get down to business.
別再為程序（問題）爭辯了，咱們著手議正事吧。
procedure (for sth) 手續；步驟
e.g. What’s the procedure for opening a bank account？在銀兒開個賬戶要辦什么手續？
3. group v．集合，使成群；分類
e.g. The children grouped round the piano．孩子們集合在鋼琴周圍。
We can group animals into several types．我們可以把動物分成好幾類。
4. promote vt.
a. 提升．晉升
e.g. My daughters just been promoted！我的女兒剛被提升了！
The football team was promoted to the first division．該足球隊已晉升為甲級隊。
b. 促進；鼓勵，推動
The organization works to promote friendship between nations.
該組織旨在促進各國之間的友誼。
5. appoint
appoint sb. (to sth) appoint sb (as sth.0 挑選（某人）做某工作或任某職位；任命；
e.g. They have appointed a new manager．他們已經任用了一位新經理。
Who shall we appoint（as）chairperson？我們選派誰擔任主席呢？
He was appointed to the vacant post．他被委派填補那空缺。
appoint sth. for sth 確定或決定某事物
e.g. They have appointed a date for the meeting. 他們已經約定了開會的日期。
6. calculate vt. 計算；推算; 估算
e.g. They use a computer to calculate the cost of a journey. 他們用電腦算出旅行的費用。
I calculate that we will reach London at about 3 p.m. 我估計我們大約在下午3點到達倫敦。
be calculated to do sth．旨在，打算或計劃做某事
e.g. His speech was calculated to stir up the crowd．他講的話是有意鼓勵群眾的。
n．calculation計算，推算
7. expense n．花費，費用，經費
e.g. It’s too much of an expense to own a car．擁有一輛汽車的花費太大。
at one’s expense 由某人負擔費用
e.g. He had his book printed at his own expense．他自己出錢印了書。
at the expense of sth 在損失或損壞某事物的情況下
He built up a successful business, but it was all done at the expense of his health.
他創建的企業很成功，但這一切都損害門也的健康。
8. accumulate
a. vt. 積累；聚集
e.g. By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她由于投資精明而積蓄了一筆財產。
My savings are accumulating interest．我的儲蓄不斷生息。
b. vi. 增加
Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.
房間不經常打掃．塵土很快就越積越多。
n．accumulation金錢、知識、經驗的積累
9. involve vt.
a. 需要
The job involved me in London, 工作需要我住在倫敦。
b. 牽涉，牽連；包括
The strike involved many people. 許多人參加了罷工。
involve sb. ／sth. in sth. ／doing sth．使某人／某事物陷人或參與某活動
Don’t involve me in solving your problem. 叫你解決你的問題，不要把我拉進去。
He was involved in a heated argument．他參與了一場激烈的爭論。
Exercises:
I. Write down the following phrases.
1. 把……分類
2. 按照
3. 以……為基礎
4. 任命某人人為……
5.計算……之間的距離
6.留心，警惕
7. 一代一代傳下去
8. 適應
9. 總而言之
10.詳細地
11. 參與……;陷入……活動
12. 搜索；尋找
Keys:
1. classify…into 2. according to 3. be based on 4. appoint sb as…
5. calculate the distance between… 6. look out for 7. pass from one generation to generation 8. adapt to 9. all in all 10. in detail 11. be involved in 12. search for
II. Fill in the blank with a proper preposition or adverb.
1. He went out ________ taxi this morning because he was attending a meeting ________great importance.
2. He was angry ________ his son’s words but pleased ________ his daughter s coming.
3. He is tall ________ a boy ________ ten.
4. The two balls fell ________ the same speed and landed ________ the ground at the same time.
5. Go ________ the gate and you'll see the entrance ________ the park on the other side.
6. This novel is based ________ historical facts.
7. There is a bell ________ the patient's reach, so he can ask _______ help when necessary.
8. There is an age difference ________ six years ________ them.
9. The ring was handed ________ ________generation ________ generation.
10 The work will he finished ________ a week or so.
Keys:
1. by, of 2. at, with 3. for, of 4. at, on 5. through, to 6. on 7. within, for
8. of, between 9. down from, to 10. in
III. Fill in the blank with the proper form of the given verb.
1. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _______ (tell) the cloth ________ (wash) well.
2. The sun was shining brightly, _________(make) everything there____(look) more beautiful.
3. They looked forward with hope________(get)a chance to receive further education.
4. It was ________ ( play) computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to ________(spend) on his lessons.
5. ________ (see)the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree_____(frighten)to death.
6. ________ (wear out) after a long walk, Mary called and said she couldn't go to the party.
7. ________(hunt) by everyone, the wolves had nowhere (hide) themselves.
8. ---Would you like me ________(turn down) the radio a bit?
---No, it's all right. I'm used to________ (work) with the radio on.
9. ---You've agreed to go, but why aren't you getting ready?
But I ________ (not realize) that you ________(want) me to start at once.
10. ---Bob, you ________(want) on the phone.
---I ________(come).
Keys:
1. have been told, washes 2. making, look 3. to getting 4. playing, have spent
5. Seeing, frightened 6. Worn out 7. Hunted, to hide 8. to turn down, working
9. didn’t realize, wanted 10. are wanted, am coming