first aid課文翻譯

時(shí)間：2024-11-02 15:40:58 課文大全我要投稿

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first aid課文翻譯

　　first aid一文中關(guān)于燒傷急救的敘述很詳細(xì)，有人能把全文翻譯成中文嗎？

　　first aid課文翻譯

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　　FIRST AID FOR BURNS

　　The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums.

　　燒傷的急救

　　皮膚是身體必不可少的部分，也是身體的最大器官。皮膚有三層，它們是防病、防毒、抵御太陽有害光線侵害的一道屏障。皮膚的功能十分復(fù)雜。皮膚可以保暖或御寒，保持體內(nèi)水分。正是皮膚使你感到冷熱、疼痛，它還使你有觸覺。因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮膚燒傷了，就可能非常嚴(yán)重。在治療燒傷的過程中，緊急處理是非常重要的第一步。

　　Causes of burns

　　You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals. Types of burns

　　There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending onwhich layers of the skin are burned.

　　◎ First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent.

　　◎ Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These bums are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids.

　　◎ Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.

　　燒傷的原因：

　　你可能由于各種原因而燒傷：灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射（由于靠近高溫或大火）、陽光、電和化學(xué)物品。

　　燒傷的種類：

　　燒傷有三類。根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的層次分為一度燒傷、二度燒傷和三度燒傷。一度燒傷：只損傷皮層的最上層。這些燒傷并不嚴(yán)重，應(yīng)當(dāng)在一兩天內(nèi)就有好轉(zhuǎn)。例如輕度的曬傷，由于短暫接觸熱鍋、火爐或熨斗而導(dǎo)致的燙傷。

　　二度燒傷：既損傷了皮膚的最上層，又損傷了皮質(zhì)的第二層。這些燒傷屬于嚴(yán)重的燒傷，需幾星期才能痊愈。例如嚴(yán)重的曬傷和灼熱的液體所造成的燒傷。

　　三度燒傷：所有三層皮質(zhì)以及皮下的組織和器官都受到損害。例如由電擊引起的燒傷，因衣服起火引起的`燒傷，或因汽油起火引起的燒傷。這些燒傷都屬于非常嚴(yán)重的燒傷，受傷者必須立即送往醫(yī)院。

　　Characteristics of burns

　　First degree burns

　　◎ dry, red and mildly swollen

　　◎ mildly painful

　　◎ turn white when pressed

　　Second degree burns

　　◎ rough, red and swollen

　　◎ blisters

　　◎ watery surface

　　◎ extremely painful

　　Third degree burns

　　◎ black and white and charred

　　◎ swollen; often tissue under them can be seen

　　◎ little or no pain if nerves are damaged;

　　may be pain around edge of injured area.

　　燒傷的特性：

　　一度燒傷： · 干燥、發(fā)紅、微腫

　　· 微痛

　　· 受壓時(shí)變白

　　二度燒傷： · 粗糙、發(fā)紅、腫脹

　　· 起水泡

　　· 表層滲液

　　· 極其疼痛

　　三度燒傷： · 黑、白和焦炭色相間

　　· 腫脹，可看到皮下組織

　　· 若損害了神經(jīng)，則沒有疼痛或輕微疼痛，或者在創(chuàng)面四周有疼感

　　First aid treatment

　　1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.

　　2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns.

　　急救處理：

　　1、除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把它脫掉（必要時(shí)可用剪刀幫助）。靠近創(chuàng)面的其他衣物和首飾也都要取掉。

　　2、馬上用涼水給傷口沖涼，但不能用冰水。最好是把燒傷的部位放在慢速流動(dòng)的自來水下沖洗大約10分鐘。（涼水可以阻止燒傷的進(jìn)程，可以防止無法忍受的疼痛，還可以減輕腫脹程度）。三度燒傷不可用冷水沖。

　　3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.

　　4 Dry the burned area gently. Do not rob, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.

　　3、對(duì)于一度燒傷的患者，要把清涼干凈的濕布放在燒傷面上，直到疼痛感較輕時(shí)為止。對(duì)于二度燒傷，要保持濕布清涼，需把濕布放回冷水盆中，擰出水后再放在燒傷面上，這樣要反反復(fù)復(fù)地做一個(gè)小時(shí)左右，直到不太痛時(shí)為止。

　　4、輕輕地把燒傷面弄干，但不要擦拭，因?yàn)檫@樣做可能會(huì)擦破水泡，傷口會(huì)感染。

　　5 Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on bums as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.

　　6 If bums are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If bums are on the face, the victim should sit up.

　　7 If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.

　　5、用干而清潔又不粘皮膚的繃帶蓋住燒傷面，用膠布把繃帶固定。千萬不要在燒傷處涂黃油、油或軟膏，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)使里面的熱散不出去，而且還可能導(dǎo)致感染。

　　6、如果燒傷的部位在臂部和腿部，盡可能把手臂或腿腳抬高到高于心臟的位置。如果是面部燒傷，傷者則應(yīng)該坐起來。

　　7、如果屬于二度或三度燒傷，就必須立即把患者送往醫(yī)院或送去看醫(yī)生。

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