M7U2課文語言點

1. probability n 可能性

probable adj probably adv

2. historian n 歷史學家

history n 歷史

historical adj 與歷史有關的

historic adj 有歷史意義的

3. physician n 醫生，內科醫生

physicist n 物理學家

physics n 物理

physical 肉體上的，身體上的

4. on trial ①.在實驗中②.受審

trying adj難受的，難堪的，惱人的

a trying situation 尷尬的局面

5. standardize vt 使符合標準，使標準化

standard n標準,水平adj 標準的，規范的

living standard 生活水平

standard English 標準英語

6. a blood-thinning medicine 降血壓的藥

thin wine with water 用水稀釋酒

7. roads blocked by snow被雪堵塞的道路

a block of rock 一塊巖石

a block in traffic= a traffic block交通堵塞

8. at arm’s length 一臂的距離

at length ①. 冗長的 ②詳盡地

tell the story at length詳盡地講述故事

9. make an application to sb for help

請求某人幫助

apply to sb for help 請求某人幫助

apply a theory to practice把理論用于實踐

apply oneself to one’s job致力于本職工作

10. purify vt purify the water 使水凈化

purity n純凈，純潔

pure adj 純凈的

11. be fundamental to (doing)sth

對（做）某事是至關重要的

12. arrange for sb to do sth

make arangements for sb to do sth

安排某人做某事

arrange that sb (should) do sth

13. take (a) pleasure in 以。。。為樂

14. the fine difference細微差別

a fine rain 毛毛細雨

fine sb 罰某人的款

pay a fine of 100 yuan 罰款一百元

15. on the point of doing sth 正要做。。。

There is no point (in) doing sth

做某事沒意義

from one’s point of view 在某人看來

to the point 切題

off the point 離題

16. addictions to cigarette/ drugs 煙癮/ 毒癮

be addicted to doing sth沉溺于做某事

17. put through 接通

put aside 把……放在一邊

put away 收拾，整理

put forward 提出

put off 推遲

put out 撲滅

put up with 容忍

18.look around 環顧

look down on/upon sb./sth. 鄙視

look forward to 期盼

look into 調查

look out 小心

look on … as 把……看作是

look through 瀏覽

look up to sb. 尊敬

19. turn up 出現，露面；調高

turn down 調低；拒絕

turn off 關掉

turn on 打開

turn out (to be) 結果是

turn to sb (for help) 向某人求助

n. in turn/by turns 輪流

take turns to do/at sth.

It’s one’s turn to do…

20. take down 記下

take in 吸收；理解；容納；欺騙

take off 起飛；成功

take on 承擔；雇傭

take over 接替

take up 占據；開始（愛好……）

21. reduce fever and pain

22. a standardized tablet

23. reduce the risk of heart attacks by

(It’s) my pleasure. 榮幸 thinning blood

回答請求 with pleasure 樂意 24. due to the widespread use of penicillin

回答感謝 It’s a pleasure

24. Not only has aspirin saved many people’s lives by reducing fever and helping stop pain,

but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.

25. This bacteria-killing medicine is considered by many to be one of the most important medicines in contemporary society.

26. He named the chemical found in the mould ‘ penicillin’.

27. It was not until World War II that two other scientists managed to use new techniques to purify it

M7U2課文語言點

1. The date that aspirin was invented is given by medical historians as 1897,but in fact,3,500 years ago,some recipes recommeded drinking a tea made from the dried leaves of a particular plant to reduce body pains. 醫學史家認為阿斯匹林發明的時間是1897年，但事實上，早在3500年前就有一些藥方建議人們飲用一種由特殊植物的干葉制成的茶來減輕身體的疼痛。

recommend vt 推薦 介紹 勸告 建議

He strongly recommended her to our firm for the post.

他極力推薦她來我們公司擔任這個職位

recommend sb to do sth (advise sb to do sth) 建議某人去做某事，勸某人去做某事

我勸你馬上去看她

I recommended you to see her at once

recommend doing sth. 建議做某事

我建議坐公共汽車去。

I recommended going by bus.

recommend 后面接that 從句，從句里謂語動詞用“should +v ”其中should 可以省略。

老師勸我們讀那本書。

The teacher recommended that we (should) read the book.

B__---- How shall we go to that airport?

------ Well, I recommend _______ a taxi.

A to take B. taking C. to taking D. take

B I can _____ him to you for the job, He is a very good worker.

A. suggest B. recommend C. advise D. prompt

2. It was not until World War II that two other scientists managed to use new techniques to purify it.(P19 line 46)

是強調句型，強調的是時間。強調句型的結構為：It be + 被強調部分 +that/ who +…(指人時用that, who均可，指事物或情況用that). 這一結構用來強調句子的某一部分，it無詞匯意義，只用于構成強調句型。

(1)My uncle bought a new car on Sunday.

-------It was my uncle who/ that bought a new car on Sunday.(強調主語)

-------It was a new car that my uncle bought on Sunday.（強調賓語）

-------It was on Sunday that my uncle bought a new car.（強調時間狀語）

(2)強調句型的一般疑問句、特殊疑問句

It was at the end of 2001 that China joined WTO.(句型轉換)

Was it at the end of 2001 that China joined WTO?

a) 中國是在2001年底加入世貿的嗎？

When was it that China joined WTO?

b)中國到底是什么時候加入世貿的？

（3）如果原句中有not…until, 在強調時間狀語時，將not until 連同狀語一起提前。

I did not realized she was a famous star until she took off her sun-glasses.（句型轉換）

It was not until she took off her sun-glasses that I realized she was a famous star.

(強調時間狀語)

Not until she took off her sun-glasses did I realize she was a famous star.

(not until置于句首主謂倒裝)

（4）怎樣判斷強調句型是否成立？強調句型只是附加在完整句子上的結構而已，所以去掉It be 和that/who 之后所剩的應是一個完整的句子。試比較：

It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.

It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.

鞏固：

C1. It is imagination ______ makes the world colourful ,full of vigor and vitality.(07上海)

A．where B. what C. that D. when

A 2. It was after he got what he had desired _____he realized it was not so important.(06遼寧)

A．that B. when C. since D. as

C3. I just wonder ______ that makes him so excited. (2006.山東)

A．why it does B. what he does C. what it is D. how it is

D4. I t was some time ______ we realized the truth. (2005 山東)

A．when B. until C. since D. before

D 5. –He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.

-- When was ______?(07浙江)

--________ was in 2000 when he was still in college.

A. that; this B. this; it C. it; this D. that; it

C6. It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance.(07 重慶)

A. which B. it C. that D. this

C7. Many people think that Britain and America stirred up a war on Iraq _________ freedom.

A. by the name of B. in honor of C. in the name of D. in name only

D 8. She wondered _______ we could complete the experiment.

A. when was it B. it was when that C. it was when D. when it was that

D 9. ------- I often see him working hard in his spare time.

-------- __________ he has won the scholarship from time to time.

Which of the following answers is wrong?

A. No wonder B. Small wonder

C. It’s little wonder that D. There is no wonder that

B 10. What’s the ________ of studying after the exam? Why didn’t you study harder?

A. reason B. point C. result D. mean

C 11. (2005 西城抽樣測試) I listened to Dr Johnson’s lecture about the American history and

Culture, but I failed to get its key_____________

A. words B. points C. notes D. message

C 12. The brain performs a very important _______; it controls the nervous system of the body.

A. motion B. action C. function D. fund

A 13. I wanted to write about people _____ to drugs.

A. addicted B. addict C. addiction D. addictive

D 14. Although she is only 17 years old, she __________ drugs for two years.

A. addicts B, has addicted to C. has addicted D. has been addicted to

B 15. The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally_________

A. pulled out B. pulled through C. pulled up D. pulled over

A 16. -------Are you ready to leave?

--------- Almost. I’ll be ready to go as soon as I ________ putting the clean dishes away.

A. get through B. give up C. go on D. set about

A 17. If you don’t know how to use the word, you’d better ______ in the dictionary.

A. look it up B. look up it C. look up to it D. look it up to

C 18. (2006 濟南統考)------- Why were you in a bad mood yesterday?

-------- A student ________ me down badly though I trusted him.

A. put B. left C. let D. set

A 19. She speaks French very fluently, but her pronunciation ___________.

A. lets her down B. lets down her C. lets her off D. lets her out

D 20. Is it the years ______ you worked in the factory _______ have a great effect on your

literary works?(2005 湖北八校高三聯考)

A. that; where B. that; that C. when; where D. when; that

C 21. It was ___________ back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go

C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go

B 22. --------- Was it what he said or something that he did ______ made you cry so sadly, Sarah?

---------- No, not really.

A. which B. that C. when D. what

C 23. __________ the people have become masters of their country ________ science can really

serve the people.

A. It is only then; that B. It was that; when

C. It is only when; that D. It was when; then

B 24. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ______

pictures of them.

A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of

B 25. As a result of destroying the forests, a large ______ of desert ________ covered the land.

A. amount; have B. quantity; has C. mumber; has D. quantity; have

C 26. The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for

different reasons.

A. were; was B. was; was C. was ; were D. were; were

注解：9 “難怪”的表達 It’s no/ little/ small wonder that…….it is 不可用 there be 替代

10. point在這兒解釋為“作用，意義”

11. key words 重要詞匯 key points 要點 key notes 主要記錄 key message主要信息

15. pull out拔出，挖出，( 船，車)駛出；pull through病人恢復健康；

pull up 拔起，使停下；pull over 把。。。。拉回來

18. let sb done使某人失望