羅玉南
Unit 2 No smoking, please
Lesson 5
Teaching Aims:
鶯earn and master the following.
(1) Four-skilled Phrase: go ahead
(2) Everyday English:
鶧o you mind if I do...?
鶺ould you mind if I did...?
鶬 wonder if I could use your phone.
鶰ay/Can/Could I do...?
鶬'm sorry, but it's not allowed.
鶱o. Go ahead.
鶶ure. Go ahead.
2. Let the Ss learn how to ask for permission, how to give permission and how
refuse permission.
Teaching Important Points:
l. The use of this phrase--go ahead.
2. The difference between "in' and "after".
3. How to ask for permission and how to give or refuse permission.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to ask for permission by using"Do you mind if I do-...? and "Would you mind if I did... ?"
2. The negative and affirmative answers to "Would you mind if I did"?"
Teaching Methods:
1. Watching-and-answer activity to help the students understand the dialogue.
2. Listening-and-answer activity to help students go through with the dialogue.
3. Pair work or group work to make every student act in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. a TV set 2.a tape recorder 3.1 slide projector4.the blackboard
Step 1鶯ead-in
A free talk with the students to review the ways of asking for permission.
1)Can I use your pen/textbook, please? 2)May I close/open the door?
3)Could I have a look at your homework?4)Yes, of course. 5)Sure. Go ahead.
Step 2鶧ialogue presentation:
Close your books, please. We are going to listen to a dialogue between Wang Bing and Hank. They are in Hank’s office.
I.The first listening:
A. What two things does Wang Bing want to do?(smoke in the office, use the phone)
B. Can Wang Bing smoke in the office? (No. It is not allowed)
C. Can he use the phone?(Yes, of course.)
II. The second listening:
A, How does Wang Bing ask for permission?
Do you mind if I do…?
Would you mind if did…?
I wonder if could/can…?
B. How does Hank give permission or refuse to give permission?
I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.
I’m afraid all these offices are non-smoking offices.
Sure. Go ahead.
Step III鶧ialogue Presentation
Situation:
If you want some money for a football ticket, you may ask your parents for permission as well as for money.
--- Hi, mum. There will be a wonderful football match in our city this weekend.
---You know, I’m not interested in it at all.
---Yes. But I mean, would you mind鷌f I went to watch it?
---No.
---Thanks, mum. Would you give me some money for a ticket?
---How much do you need?
---One hundred and fifty.
---That’s too much. I’m afraid I can’t help you.
Step VI. Consolidation
1, Ex.1: Read and act out the dialogue in pairs.
1.Ex.2; Discuss the answers in pairs then check with the whole class. The students are encouraged to give different answers.
2.Ex:3: Get two students to read the model dialogue, then ask the students to make dialogues about the same picture in pairs, using different expressions. Finally ask several pairs to perform their dialogues.
NOTES:
1.表“介意嗎？”運(yùn)用三句型
Would／Do you mind（one's）doing．．．？
Would you mind if從句（從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式）
Do you mind if從句（從句謂語(yǔ)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）
在回答上面的句型時(shí)，表示“不介意”或“同意”，常用No，not at all；No，certainly not；No，of course not；No，go ahead；No，indeed等。表示“介意”或“不同意”時(shí)，常用I'm sorry but．．．；Sorry，you'd better not；I'm sorry，but it's not allowed；I'm afraid．．．等。
演練：用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)．Would／Do you mind ___________（show）me the way to the post office？
2)．Do／Would you mind Tom ___________（smoke）here？
3)．Do you mind if he ___________（attend） the meeting？
4)．Would you mind if I ___________（take） his place？
考例：
5).-Do you mind my taking this seat？ - ___________ ．（MET'90）
A．Yes，sit down please B．No，of course not
C．Yes，take it please D．No，you can't take it （Key：B）
6).-Do you mind ___________ -Go ahead，I don't mind．
A．closing the window B．that I closed the window
C．if I close the window D．whether I closed the window（Key：C）
2.T:Now look at Part 3 on Page 7. Have short dialogues like the example. But before your practice,I want to emphasize the鷘sage of preposition "in" When "in"鷌s used in the Future Tense, the鷚ord鷚hich expresses "length of time" is behind it. "after"is often used in the Past Tense. If it is used. In Future Tense, the word which expresses "point of time"is behind it,
After/In
e. g. He paid a short visit to Hangzhou last month but came back again after a
few days.
He will arrive after four o'clock.
Don't hurry, I'll go with you in a few minutes.
He said he would come in a month.
(Bb: in +"lenghth of time" after + "point of time")
3. 從一道題看 go ahead 的用法
請(qǐng)看下面這道題：-Do you mind my taking the books away？-____________ ．
A．Certainly，please do鶥．No，go ahead鶦．Yes，not at all D．No，please don't
該題主要考查go ahead在口語(yǔ)中的用法。我們知道go ahead是英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)常用短語(yǔ)，其主要用法有以下幾種：
1北硎盡白攀指?jìng)惚（＝begin to do some thing）。
如：鶷he teacher told the students not to write on the papers yet，but John went ahead and wrote his name．老師叫學(xué)生先不要在考卷上寫(xiě)字，可約翰已開(kāi)始寫(xiě)他的名字了。
Once our plan is made，we will go ahead．一旦我們制定了計(jì)劃，我們就開(kāi)始工作。
2北硎盡叭〉媒展”；“取得進(jìn)步”（make progress）。
如：鶫e has been in the class only a few weeks and he is already going ahead．他來(lái)到這個(gè)班級(jí)才幾周就已經(jīng)取得了進(jìn)步。
After they settled the problem，they were going ahead fast．解決了問(wèn)題以后，他們進(jìn)展得很快。
3．表示“前進(jìn)”（go forward）；“先進(jìn)（來(lái)）”。如：
Although it was raining hard，they stillwent ahead with their plans．盡管下著大雨，他們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)前進(jìn)。 You go ahead and tell him that we are coming．你先走一步，告訴他我們隨后就到。
4．表示“繼續(xù)做”（go on with），常與 with連用，后接名詞。如：
Let's go ahead with our work．我們繼續(xù)工作吧。
After a short rest，they went ahead with their experiment．休息了一會(huì)后，他們繼續(xù)做實(shí)驗(yàn)。
5焙有“毫不猶豫地去做”的意思，常用于口語(yǔ)中，其具體含義要根據(jù)句子靈活翻譯。
如：-I was wondering if I could use your typewriter．-Sure，go ahead．
-不知是否可以用一下你的打字機(jī)。-沒(méi)問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)便好了。
If you want to use the bathroom，go ahead．要是你想用浴室，就用吧。
-May I ask you a question？-Yes，go ahead．
-我可以問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？-可以，盡管問(wèn)吧。
熟悉了以上的用法后，我們便可看出上面那道題中的go ahead屬于第五種用法，因此該題的正確答案為B。其意思為:-我把這些書(shū)拿走你不介意吧？-不介意，請(qǐng)隨便拿吧。
Step 7. The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
鶯esson 5
1. After/In
in+"length of time"
after+"point of time"
2. How to ask permission:
Can/May/Could I do...?
I wonder if I could do...
Do you mind if I do...?
Would you mind if I did...?
How to give permission:
Sure/Of course. (Go ahead)
No/Of course not. (Go ahead)
How to refuse permission.
I'm sorry, but.../I'm afraid that...
Lesson 6
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following:
Four skills: smoker, burn down, packet, chance, remain, public, give up
2. Train the students' reading ability.
3. Let the students realize that smoking is harmful to people's health.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Master the usages of the following words and expressions:
remain, therefore, give up, persuade, compared to/with
2. Let the students understand and realize the harm of smoking.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. Train the students' reading ability.
2. Master the sentence structures
The chance is that...
(The)chances are that...
Teaching Methods:
1. Fast reading to find out the general information about the passage.
2. Question-and-answer activity to help the students to understand the detailed information about the passage.
3. Explanation to make the students understand the difficult language points in the passage.
Teaching Aims:
1. a tape recorder2. a slide projector
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1鶪reetings
鶪reet the whole class as usual
Step 2 Revision and Lead-in
鶷:In this class, first I'll check your homework. Then we'll learn the text. Finally
we'll do exercises. Now first let me check your homework.
(Teacher asks some pairs: to act out their dialogues that they made up. After that teacher can say the following. )
T:Very good. Thank you for your performance. Yesterday we learned a dialogue. We know that Hank doesn't allow Wang Bing to smoke in his office. Because that is a non-smoking office.
You can see a sign in this kind of office. (Draw the sign--No smoking on the Blackboard. )What does it mean?
(Pointing to the sign on the Bb. )
Ss:It means no smoking.
T:Yes. Where can you find this kind of sign?
Ss: In the offices, hospitals, shopping centres, buses and our teaching building and so on.
T: OK. Why is smoking not allowed, WeiFang?
S: Because smoking is bad for people's health.
T:Very good. Today we're going to read a passage--" No smoking, please!" It mainly tells us that smoking is bad for people's health. Before we read it we should learn some new words.
Step 3鶳reparation for Reading
(Teacher shows the following new words on the screen and gives the Ss some explanations. Then let them read after the tape. After that teacher asks the Ss to open their books and look at the picture on the top of Page 8, and talk about the picture. )
T: Now open your books. Turn to Page 8. Look at the picture on the top, please. And tell me what you can see in the picture.
Ss: Mother, her child, and a cigarette.
T: Yes. What does the picture mean, Zhang Yan?
S:It means that smoking is bad for the health of our family.
T:OK. Please translate the Chinese in the picture into English.
Ss:For the health of your family...
T:Quite right. So for the health of your family you must stop smoking. Now please read the passage quickly to see if the sentences are true.
1. Chinese people smoke more than British people.
2. In Britain more women smoke than men.
(Give the Ss a few minutes to read the passage. After a while, ask one of them to answer. )
T: Li Hua. Are these sentences true or false?
S:I think both sentences are true.
Ss: Yes.
Step 4 Reading
T:OK. Now I'll give you another four minutes to read the passage again. Then tell me the main idea of this article：
A.What's the main idea of the article?
1. China produces one third of the world's cigarettes.
2. The Chinese government makes a lot of money from sales of tobacco every year.
3. More women than men in Britain smoke cigarettes.
4. Smoking cigarettes is bad for people's health.
5. In Britain, sales of cigarettes have fallen by 30％ in the last ten years.
B.And then answer some detailed questions in Ex1.in the workbook..
T: Now you have understood the details of the passage. You may find some sentences difficult to understand. I'll give you some explanations. (Show the language points on the screen and then explain them to the students. )
Step 5 Language points:
Words:
1. therefore adv. means:"for that reason"
鷈. g. It rained and therefore the sports meet was put off.
2. remain vi means" to continue to be in the same state or condition or" to stay in the same place." +n. /adv. /adj. /inf. /prep. phrase. / Be still present after a part has gone or has been taken away剩下；遺留
e. g. remain in business = continue to make money
鶰any problems remain to be settled.
鶤fter years of hard work, Tom still remained a worker.
鶩acing danger, he always remains calm.
After the fire,very little remained of my house.
If you take 3 from 8, 5 remains.
Phrases:
3．Every year, millions of smokers die because of illnesses which are caused by smoking tobacco．每年都有幾百萬(wàn)吸煙者死于吸煙引起的疾博）
(1)本單元中die from／of表示“因……而死亡”，除上句外，還有三句：
This is because each year millions of smokers die from the habit．
這是因?yàn)槊磕暧袛?shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的煙民因吸煙而死去。
The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking．
很可能每4個(gè)煙民中就有一人會(huì)因吸煙而死去。
The problem is that 300 people are dying each day from illnesses caused by smoking．
問(wèn)題是每天都有300人死于吸煙引起的疾博）
(2) die of 一般指死于疾博⒓⒍�、衰老、豪洹⑿锞�、疲勞等因素；die from通常表示死于槍傷、受傷、虛弱、過(guò)度勞累或飲食過(guò)度等。例如：
He died of a cold(a disease, fever, poison, old age, a fall, hunger, thirst, sorrow)．他死于感冒（某種疾博⒎⑸鍘⒅卸盡⒛昀�、档�、饑餓、干渴、悲傷）。
He died from overwork (a sword, a blow, some unknown cause, weekness, drinking too much brandy)．他死于勞累（劍傷、打傷、不明不白、虛弱、白蘭地過(guò)度）。
The man died from police gunfire．他被警方擊斃.
die by 指死于暴力，刀或劍等兇器．如：die by the sword/hanging.
die for 為某種事業(yè)或目的而死．如：die for one’s country/ the people/ the revolutionary cause.
die through carelessness 因過(guò)失而死
die in poverty 因貧窮而死
* die away 逐漸減弱、消失
* die out 絕跡、滅亡
The noise died away.
This custom has died out in China.
* be dying for 極想得到。。。
She is dying for a piano of her own.
They are dying for a visit to the Great Wall.
* die后接形容詞或名詞，表示死時(shí)的情況，如: die happy/rich, die a hero.
4．The bed clothes catch fire and the whole house may be burnt down．鋪蓋著火，整座房子都可能被燒掉。
(1) burn down = be destroyed by fire 表示“燒毀”。
例如：The house was burnt down．這座房子被燒毀了。
burn down 和burn up均可表示“燒毀、燒掉”，burn down主要指建筑，主語(yǔ)一般是表示事物的名詞，burn up可指所有可燃燒的事物，主語(yǔ)可以是人或物。兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)均可用作及物或不及物。如：
The town was burnt down in 1932 and has since been built.
The building was burnt down and only ashes were left.
A number of houses were burnt down in the fire.
The fire burned up more than 50.000 worth of painting
Let’s burn up all the fallen leaves.
(2) 常見(jiàn)的與fire構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：鷆atch fire（某物）著火； cause a fire引起火災(zāi)； make a fire生火； set fire (to)＝set…on fire牰浴…縱火。
5.. at present=at this time=at the present time= now
6. fall asleep= go to sleep
7.persuade sb.to do sth.；advise sb.to do sth.;try to persuade sb．to do sth．鷓ersuade sb．to do sth．意為“說(shuō)服某人干某事”，其結(jié)果是成功的（即成功地說(shuō)服某人干某事）。如：
Tom persuaded his father to give up smoking at last．湯姆終于說(shuō)服他父親戒煙了。
advise sb．to do sth．意為“勸說(shuō)某人干某事”，其結(jié)果可能是勞而無(wú)功（即“說(shuō)”而未“服”）如：鶶he advised her parents to give up smoking, but they wouldn’t listen．
她勸她的父母戒煙，但他們不愿聽(tīng)。
try to persuade sb．to do sth．意為“盡力說(shuō)服某人干某事”，相當(dāng)于advise sb．to do sth。如：
I tried to persuade him to continue his study, but I failed．
我盡力勸他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，但沒(méi)有成功。
(persuade sb. to do sth. =make sb. decide to do sth).
8. compare可以和介詞to或with連用構(gòu)成一些短語(yǔ)，但它們之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別，不能把它們混淆。常見(jiàn)的由compare構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有：（1）compare．．．with．．．（2）compare．．．to．．．（3） compare to ／with．．．（4）compared with ／to．．．（5）in comparison with．．．下面，我們具體看一下它們的用法：
1）．compare．．．with．．．“把……和……進(jìn)行比較”。如：鶦ompare the present with the past．今昔對(duì)比。鶬f you compare your composition with his，you'll find many differences．如果你把自己的作文與他的相比，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多差別。
2)．compare．．．to．．．“把……比喻成……”。如：鶺e often compare a teacher to a candle．我們常把老師比喻成蠟燭。鶫e compared books to friends．他把書(shū)比作朋友。
3)．compare to ／with．．．“和……相比”，用作這個(gè)意思時(shí)，二者可互換。如：
If you compare to ／with Li Ping，you'll find you have some shortcomings．如果你跟李平比，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的一些缺點(diǎn)。注意：鷆ompare with與can連用時(shí)，意為“比得上，與……相提并論”，用于否定句中。如：鶬 can't compare with you．我比不上你。
4)．compared to ／with．．．“和……相比”。如：這是兩個(gè)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，可互換。如：鶦ompared to ／with many women，she was indeed very fortunate．和許多婦女相比，她確實(shí)是很幸運(yùn)的。鶰y garden is small compared to／with yours．跟你的花園比，我的花園很些）注意：這種結(jié)構(gòu)盡管有比較意義，卻不宜使用比較級(jí)。如：與我的工作相比，你的工作更辛苦些。（誤）Your task is harder，compared to ／with mine．（正）Your task is hard，compared to ／with mine．
5)．in comparison with．．．“與……相比較”。這是由compare的名詞形式comparison構(gòu)成的一個(gè)短語(yǔ)。如：鶰y room is small in comparison with yours．與你的房間相比，我的就小了。
Advanced and backward only exist in comparison with each other．先進(jìn)和落后只在相互比較中才存在。
9. one smoker in four=one smoker out of four= one fourth of the smokers= 25~ of the smokers
10. increase(decrease)/reduce…by；increase(decrease)/reduce…to與increase，decrease搭配時(shí)，by表示數(shù)量增加或減少的幅度，即在原有的基礎(chǔ)上“增加或減少了多少”；to則表示“增加或減少到多少”。試比較：
The production cost of these trucks has decreased by one third compared to last year．與去年相比，這些卡車的生產(chǎn)成本降低了三分之一。
The population of India has increased to one billion．印度的人口增長(zhǎng)到了十億。
Stencs patterns:
The chance is that…=Chances are that…=It is likely that…
The chance is that he has already heard the news.
chance的用法
１）chance = possibility 可能性。可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。
The chances are ten to one that you will win.你十之八九會(huì)贏。
You will have more chance of catching the train if you take a taxi to the station instead of walking.
The chances are a hundred to one against you.你只有百分之一成功的可能性。
* hope 也可表示“可能性”，但一般用作不可數(shù)名詞。如：There is little hope/ chance of their winning the game.
２）表示“偶然性”、“運(yùn)氣”時(shí),chance 為不可數(shù)名詞。如：Chance plays an important part in many card games. 玩紙牌許多時(shí)候靠運(yùn)氣。Let’s leave it to chance. 聽(tīng)其自然吧。
3)作“機(jī)會(huì)”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，如：It’s a good chance to learn from the famous scientists. If I give you a second chance, will you promise to be good?
4)鷅y chance 碰巧
I met her in Shanghai by chance last week.
5)鷗ake the chance to do … 利用機(jī)會(huì)做某事
6)也可用作動(dòng)詞，表示“碰巧”，相當(dāng)于happen，可用于chance to do sth.和It chanced that…
I chanced/ happened to see him in Shanghai.
It so chanced that I was out when he called.
Step 6鷏istening
Listening to the text, paying attention to your pronunciation and intonation, especially para.5.
Step 7鶺riting and practice
Deal with Part2.
Step 8 Workbook
EX.4
Homework
1.Read the text again, and review the Attributive Clause.
2.Preview next lesson.