Unit3 The land down underReading 1
1. Para1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories.
be made up of=consist of(不用于被動形式) ________________________
A rescue team_____________ doctors, nurses and security experts were sent to Indonesia soon after the Tsunami. 海嘯過后，一支由醫(yī)生、護士和安全人員組成的救援小組被派往印尼。
make up ①_________②________③_________makeup n. ①_________②________③________
make an effort to do…________________________下定決心做_______________________
make a discovery _________________________ 取笑_________________________
make friends with sb. ________________________利用 _________________________
make for ________________________ 做出決定 _________________________
make out _________________________ make sense _________________________
make an attempt to do ________________________make up for______________________
eg. 1.They hurried on to _____________lost time.
2. The old lady was sixty years old and while driving she could hardly_____ the road signs ahead, which made for the severe traffic accident.
A. make up B. make out C. make up for D. make sense
2.Para1. Australia is surrounded by many oceans: the Indian Ocean in the west, the Southern Ocean in the south and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.
surround vt. ______;_______be surrounded by/with_____________surround…with…_______________
eg. 1）. Our village is a beautiful one with green hills ____________it.
2.） __________by the trees, flowers and grass everywhere, our city has taken on a new look.
3）. On walking into the classroom, the old man found himself _________by a group of children
3.Para1. Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories. stand for ,represent & on behalf of
⑴ stand for sth (不用于被動語態(tài))
１）為．．的縮寫形式 PC stands for personal computer.
２）代表某事物
３）贊同，支持或主張某事物
４）（口語）容允，忍受 =tolerate
⑵ represent vt.
１）represent sb __________________２）represent sth _____,_____,_____=stand for / symbolize
representative n. _____________________________________
⑶ on behalf of sb./ on sb’s behalf=as the representative of or spokesman for sb ____________
eg 我代表我的同事(colleague)以及我自己向你表示謝意．
____________________________________________________________
I will act _____ the director and make the decision in that he is away on business.
A. stands for B. stands out C. on behalf of D .represents
stand out _________________ stand by ___________________
4.Para 2. Some Australia Aborigines still live in a similar way to their ancestors, while others live in cities, towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians.
in a similar way ___________in the same way____________與…相似_____________________
While conj.１．當．．時候 ２．表示轉(zhuǎn)折，對比 ３．表示“盡管”， “雖然”(多放在句首)
４．表示“只要” ５．表示“既然”
while n. 一會兒, 時間
1. I’d like to get it settled today while we are at it.
2. Unit 3 is easy, while Unit4 is difficult..while there is life there is hope.“While” can also mean “although” and then is usually placed at the beginning of a sentence.While the parents love the children, they are strict with them.
6. .Never go on or off a bus while it is in motion.
7. .It will be worth your while ,I think, to go and see him.
8. While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost, people are trying hard to protect and record what is left. Para6.
☆worthwhile值得花時間[精力]的...be worthwhile doing/to do sth.__________________
Para 3. In 1770, Captain James Cook went on a scientific journey and claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown. claim vt cf announce make a claim to sth要求得到某物；認領某物
“自稱，聲稱，主張”，后接名詞，不定式，從句 claim to do sth.__________________
他自稱在沒有幫助的情況下完成了工作。______________________________________
______________________________________
n. have a claim on sb / have no claim to sth 有（沒有）對某人或某物提出要求的權(quán)利
lay claim to sth 1)聲稱對．有所有權(quán) 2)(否) lay no claim to自稱沒有知識，智力，技能等
eg. Her brother_____ to leave her alone in the dark room if she disobeyed his order.
A. declared B. claimed C. threatened D. warned
6. Para3 . As a consequence, the original Australians suffered.
as a consequence_____________
as a consequence of _____________________/as a result of/because of/due to/thanks to/owing to
in consequence _________________ in consequence（ of sth ）=as a result of _________
He was found guilty and lost her job in consequence.
take /suffer/bear the ~s of one’s action 承擔自己行動的后果
consequence-重要性It’s of no consequence. 這無關緊要
7. Para3. .Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.
have sb do sth._______________ have sb/sth doing____________________
have sth done 1)讓別人干某事=get sth done 2)遭受到某種不愉快的事
eg.1) Please have/get your hair____( cut).
2)Last night Mr. Smith had his house______________.(break into, break in)
3)who will the old man have _________(read) the letter to him?
8. Para4. Australia resembleed the USA of the 18th century. 與18世紀的美國很相似
resemble sb/ sth（ in sth）（不用進行時）__________________________________
resemblance n. have little/no ~ to the fact 與事實相去甚遠／根本不符相似 ，
resemblance between A and B 相象 cf. similarity
9. Para5 After the Second World War, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country as it is today.在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后，澳大利亞喀什把他自己轉(zhuǎn)變成象今天一樣的現(xiàn)代化國家。
⑴transform vt. _________________
transform sth./sb. into________________transform…sth / sb (from A into B)___________________
A fresh coat of paint（房間重新粉刷）can_________ a room.
⑵ transformation n. (外觀或性質(zhì)的)改變，改變或改觀
undergo a complete transformation經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)受（不愉快的或痛苦的事）
⑶ transplant v ~ sth (from A to B ) 移植 n. 組織或器官的移植
transplantation n. (不可數(shù))
⑷ transport 運輸⑸ transmit 1.傳播（信號，節(jié)等）２傳達,傳染（疾病）．⑹ translate
1.Aids is a deadly disease mainly __________ through blood.
2.Last year saw a great change, a complete change of climate which ____________the area from a desert into a swamp（沼澤）．
3.The novel, said to __________________ into several languages, sells well.
4.The old man, who had a heart _________operation, is in high spirits.
5.The goods were to ____________________by lorry, but a terrible storm frustrated the plan.
10. Para 6. Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and American English.
differ v.
adj._________ adv._____________ n._______________
A differ (greatly) from B in sth_______________________
A is different from B in sth.________________________
There’s some difference between A and B.________________________
tell the difference between A and B______________________________
eg.The two brothers are like each other in appearance, but differ_____ their tastes.
A. on B. in C. from D. with
reading 2
1. Para 1. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants….
☆Having been separated現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，此時分詞短語的邏輯主語與主句主語一致。
Eg. ___________________________(經(jīng)過認真修改后), the composition was handed in.
______________________________(因沒完成) the homework assigned by the teacher, he felt nervous when being question.
☆當分詞短語與主句的主語 一致時，不能用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，而應用“名詞或代詞+分詞”所構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)圖的形式。
_________________________(船嚴重損壞), the captain decided to abandon it.
2. Para 1.One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.
feed… on ___________________feed-back___________________
1) I’m fed up with/bored with/tired of so much work.________________________
2) ____________the lecture given by the professor, some students left the classroom.
A. Tired with B. Fed up with C. Tiring with D. Tiring of
2. Para5The climate is different depending on the area.
depend on/upon ______________
1) 你可以依靠他去做這項工作。_________________________________
2) What waste can be thrown into the sea_______what the matter is .
A. depend on B. depended on C. depends on D. depending on
3)-----Will you come to my son’s wedding?----It______. Maybe I will have something urgent to deal with then.
A. all depends B. all depend C. is all depended D. is all depending
Unit3 The land down underReading 1
1. Para1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories.
be made up of=consist of (不用于被動形式) 由組成
A rescue team made up of doctors, nurses and security experts were sent to Indonesia soon after the Tsunami. 海嘯過后，一支由醫(yī)生、護士和安全人員組成的救援小組被派往印尼。
make up ①組成②化妝 ③編造 makeup n. ①化妝品 ②結(jié)構(gòu) ③補考
make an effort to do…努力做 下定決心做make up one’s mind to do sth. _
make a discovery做出發(fā)現(xiàn) 取笑make fun of
make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友 利用 make use of
make for造成，促成 朝……移動，前進 做出決定 make a decision
make out辨明，看清，理解 make sense 使有意義
make an attempt to do嘗試 make up for 彌補
eg. 1.They hurried on to make up for lost time.
2. The old lady was sixty years old and while driving she could hardly_____ the road signs ahead, which made for the severe traffic accident.
A. make up B. make out C. make up for D. make sensePara1. Australia is surrounded by many oceans: the Indian Ocean in the west, the Southern Ocean in the south and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.
surround vt. 包圍，環(huán)繞 be surrounded by/with周圍都是 surround…with用……把……圍住eg. 1）. Our village is a beautiful one with green hills surrounding it.
2.）Surrounded by the trees, flowers and grass everywhere, our city has taken on a new look.
3）. On walking into the classroom, the old man found himself surroundedby a group of childrenPara1. Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories. stand for ,represent & on behalf of
⑴ stand for sth (不用于被動語態(tài))
１）為．．的縮寫形式 PC stands for personal computer.
２）代表某事物
３）贊同，支持或主張某事物
４）（口語）容允，忍受 =tolerate
⑵ represent vt.
１）represent sb作為某人的代表/ 代言人/代理 ２）represent sth代表，象征，標志=stand for / symbolize
representative n. 典型，代表，有代表性的人或事
⑶ on behalf of sb./ on sb’s behalf=as the representative of or spokesman for sb 代表某人
eg 我代表我的同事(colleague)以及我自己向你表示謝意．
.On behalf of my colleagues and myself I thank you
I will act _____ the director and make the decision in that he is away on business.
A. stands for B. stands out C. on behalf of D .represents
stand out 明顯，醒目，突出，杰出 stand by 支持，袖手旁觀
4. Para 2. Some Australia Aborigines still live in a similar way to their ancestors, while others live in cities, towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians.
in a similar way 以相類的方式 in the same way以相同的方式 與…相似be similar to
While conj.１．當．．時候 ２．表示轉(zhuǎn)折，對比 ３．表示“盡管”， “雖然”(多放在句首)
４．表示“只要” ５．表示“既然”
while n. 一會兒, 時間
1. I’d like to get it settled today while we are at it.
2. Unit 3 is easy, while Unit4 is difficult..while there is life there is hope.“While” can also mean “although” and then is usually placed at the beginning of a sentence.While the parents love the children, they are strict with them.
6. .Never go on or off a bus while it is in motion.
7. .It will be worth your while ,I think, to go and see him.
8. While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost, people are trying hard to protect and record what is left. Para6.
☆worthwhile值得花時間[精力]的...be worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得花時間[精力]
6. Para 3. In 1770, Captain James Cook went on a scientific journey and claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown. claim vt cf announce make a claim to sth要求得到某物；認領某物
“自稱，聲稱，主張”，后接名詞，不定式，從句 claim to do sth.__________________
他自稱在沒有幫助的情況下完成了工作。He claimed to have done the work without help.n. have a claim on sb / have no claim to sth 有（沒有）對某人或某物提出要求的權(quán)利
lay claim to sth 1)聲稱對．有所有權(quán) 2)(否) lay no claim to自稱沒有知識，智力，技能等
eg. Her brother_____ to leave her alone in the dark room if she disobeyed his order.
A. declared B. claimed C. threatened D. warned
6. Para3 . As a consequence, the original Australians suffered.
as a consequence 因此，結(jié)果
as a consequence of 因為……，由于 /as a result of/because of/due to/thanks to/owing to
in consequence 結(jié)果 in consequence（ of sth ）=as a result of _________
He was found guilty and lost her job in consequence.
take /suffer/bear the ~s of one’s action 承擔自己行動的后果
consequence-重要性It’s of no consequence. 這無關緊要
7. Para3. .Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.
have sb do sth._______________ have sb/sth doing____________________
have sth done 1)讓別人干某事=get sth done 2)遭受到某種不愉快的事
eg.1) Please have/get your hair cut ( cut).
2)Last night Mr. Smith had his house broken into.(break into, break in)
3)who will the old man have read(read) the letter to him?
8. Para4. Australia resembleed the USA of the 18th century. 與18世紀的美國很相似
resemble sb/ sth（ in sth）（不用進行時）與他人或他物（在某方面）相似
resemblance n. have little/no ~ to the fact 與事實相去甚遠／根本不符相似 ，
resemblance between A and B 相象 cf. similarity
9. Para5 After the Second World War, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country as it is today.在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后，澳大利亞喀什把他自己轉(zhuǎn)變成象今天一樣的現(xiàn)代化國家。
⑴transform vt. 改變，轉(zhuǎn)變 transform sth./sb. into把．化作／變成
transform…sth / sb (from A into B) 完全改變某事物／某人的外觀或特征
A fresh coat of paint（房間重新粉刷）can transform a room.
⑵ transformation n. (外觀或性質(zhì)的)改變，改變或改觀
undergo a complete transformation經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)受（不愉快的或痛苦的事）
⑶ transplant v ~ sth (from A to B ) 移植 n. 組織或器官的移植
transplantation n. (不可數(shù))
⑷ transport 運輸⑸ transmit 1.傳播（信號，節(jié)等）２傳達,傳染（疾病）．⑹ translate
1.Aids is a deadly disease mainly transmitted through blood.
2.Last year saw a great change, a complete change of climate which transformed the area from a desert into a swamp（沼澤）．
3.The novel, said to have been translated into several languages, sells well.
4.The old man, who had a heart transplant operation, is in high spirits.
5.The goods were to have been transported_by lorry, but a terrible storm frustrated the plan.
10. Para 6. Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and American English.
differ v.
adj. different adv .differently n.difference
A differ (greatly) from B in sth_______________________
A is different from B in sth.________________________
There’s some difference between A and B.________________________
tell the difference between A and B______________________________
eg.The two brothers are like each other in appearance, but differ_____ their tastes.
A. on B. in C. from D. with
reading 2
2. Para 1. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants….
☆Having been separated現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，此時分詞短語的邏輯主語與主句主語一致。
Eg. Having been carefully corrected (經(jīng)過認真修改后), the composition was handed in.
Not having finished (因沒完成) the homework assigned by the teacher, he felt nervous when being question.
☆當分詞短語與主句的主語 一致時，不能用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，而應用“名詞或代詞+分詞”所構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)圖的形式。
The ship badly damaged(船嚴重損壞), the captain decided to abandon it.
3. Para 1.One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.
feed… on 用…喂養(yǎng) feed-back 反饋
1) I’m fed up with/bored with/tired of so much work.我對這么多工作感到厭煩。
2) ____________the lecture given by the professor, some students left the classroom.
A. Tired with B. Fed up with C. Tiring with D. Tiring of
3. Para5The climate is different depending on the area.
depend on/upon 依賴，依靠，取決于
1) 你可以依靠他去做這項工作。You can depend on him to do the work.
2) What waste can be thrown into the sea_______what the matter is .
A. depend on B. depended on C. depends on D. depending on
3)-----Will you come to my son’s wedding?
----It______. Maybe I will have something urgent to deal with then.
A. all depends B. all depend C. is all depended D. is all depending
Unit3 The land down underReading 1
1. Para1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories.
be made up of=consist of(不用于被動形式) ________________________
A rescue team_____________ doctors, nurses and security experts were sent to Indonesia soon after the Tsunami. 海嘯過后，一支由醫(yī)生、護士和安全人員組成的救援小組被派往印尼。
make up ①_________②________③_________makeup n. ①_________②________③________
make an effort to do…________________________下定決心做_______________________
make a discovery _________________________ 取笑_________________________
make friends with sb. ________________________利用 _________________________
make for ________________________ 做出決定 _________________________
make out _________________________ make sense _________________________
make an attempt to do ________________________make up for______________________
eg. 1.They hurried on to _____________lost time.
2. The old lady was sixty years old and while driving she could hardly_____ the road signs ahead, which made for the severe traffic accident.
A. make up B. make out C. make up for D. make sensePara1. Australia is surrounded by many oceans: the Indian Ocean in the west, the Southern Ocean in the south and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.
surround vt. ______;_______be surrounded by/with_____________surround…with…_______________
eg. 1）. Our village is a beautiful one with green hills ____________it.
2.） __________by the trees, flowers and grass everywhere, our city has taken on a new look.
3）. On walking into the classroom, the old man found himself _________by a group of childrenPara1. Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories. stand for ,represent & on behalf of
⑴ stand for sth (不用于被動語態(tài))
１）為．．的縮寫形式 PC stands for personal computer.
２）代表某事物
３）贊同，支持或主張某事物
４）（口語）容允，忍受 =tolerate
⑵ represent vt.
１）represent sb __________________２）represent sth _____,_____,_____=stand for / symbolize
representative n. _____________________________________
⑶ on behalf of sb./ on sb’s behalf=as the representative of or spokesman for sb ____________
eg 我代表我的同事(colleague)以及我自己向你表示謝意．
____________________________________________________________
I will act _____ the director and make the decision in that he is away on business.
A. stands for B. stands out C. on behalf of D .represents
stand out _________________ stand by ___________________
5. Para 2. Some Australia Aborigines still live in a similar way to their ancestors, while others live in cities, towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians.
in a similar way ___________in the same way____________與…相似_____________________
While conj.１．當．．時候 ２．表示轉(zhuǎn)折，對比 ３．表示“盡管”， “雖然”(多放在句首)
４．表示“只要” ５．表示“既然”
while n. 一會兒, 時間
9. I’d like to get it settled today while we are at it.
10. Unit 3 is easy, while Unit4 is difficult..while there is life there is hope.“While” can also mean “although” and then is usually placed at the beginning of a sentence.While the parents love the children, they are strict with them.
14. .Never go on or off a bus while it is in motion.
15. .It will be worth your while ,I think, to go and see him.
16. While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost, people are trying hard to protect and record what is left. Para6.
☆worthwhile值得花時間[精力]的...be worthwhile doing/to do sth.__________________
5. Para 3. In 1770, Captain James Cook went on a scientific journey and claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown. claim vt cf announce make a claim to sth要求得到某物；認領某物
“自稱，聲稱，主張”，后接名詞，不定式，從句 claim to do sth.__________________
他自稱在沒有幫助的情況下完成了工作。______________________________________
______________________________________
n. have a claim on sb / have no claim to sth 有（沒有）對某人或某物提出要求的權(quán)利
lay claim to sth 1)聲稱對．有所有權(quán) 2)(否) lay no claim to自稱沒有知識，智力，技能等
eg. Her brother_____ to leave her alone in the dark room if she disobeyed his order.
A. declared B. claimed C. threatened D. warned
6. Para3 . As a consequence, the original Australians suffered.
as a consequence_____________
as a consequence of _____________________/as a result of/because of/due to/thanks to/owing to
in consequence _________________ in consequence（ of sth ）=as a result of _________
He was found guilty and lost her job in consequence.
take /suffer/bear the ~s of one’s action 承擔自己行動的后果
consequence-重要性It’s of no consequence. 這無關緊要
7. Para3. .Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.
have sb do sth._______________ have sb/sth doing____________________
have sth done 1)讓別人干某事=get sth done 2)遭受到某種不愉快的事
eg.1) Please have/get your hair____( cut).
2)Last night Mr. Smith had his house______________.(break into, break in)
3)who will the old man have _________(read) the letter to him?
8. Para4. Australia resembleed the USA of the 18th century. 與18世紀的美國很相似
resemble sb/ sth（ in sth）（不用進行時）__________________________________
resemblance n. have little/no ~ to the fact 與事實相去甚遠／根本不符相似 ，
resemblance between A and B 相象 cf. similarity
9. Para5 After the Second World War, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country as it is today.在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后，澳大利亞喀什把他自己轉(zhuǎn)變成象今天一樣的現(xiàn)代化國家。
⑴transform vt. _________________
transform sth./sb. into________________transform…sth / sb (from A into B)___________________
A fresh coat of paint（房間重新粉刷）can_________ a room.
⑵ transformation n. (外觀或性質(zhì)的)改變，改變或改觀
undergo a complete transformation經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)受（不愉快的或痛苦的事）
⑶ transplant v ~ sth (from A to B ) 移植 n. 組織或器官的移植
transplantation n. (不可數(shù))
⑷ transport 運輸⑸ transmit 1.傳播（信號，節(jié)等）２傳達,傳染（疾病）．⑹ translate
1.Aids is a deadly disease mainly __________ through blood.
2.Last year saw a great change, a complete change of climate which ____________the area from a desert into a swamp（沼澤）．
3.The novel, said to __________________ into several languages, sells well.
4.The old man, who had a heart _________operation, is in high spirits.
5.The goods were to ____________________by lorry, but a terrible storm frustrated the plan.
10. Para 6. Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and American English.
differ v.
adj._________ adv._____________ n._______________
A differ (greatly) from B in sth_______________________
A is different from B in sth.________________________
There’s some difference between A and B.________________________
tell the difference between A and B______________________________
eg.The two brothers are like each other in appearance, but differ_____ their tastes.
A. on B. in C. from D. with
reading 2
3. Para 1. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants….
☆Having been separated現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，此時分詞短語的邏輯主語與主句主語一致。
Eg. ___________________________(經(jīng)過認真修改后), the composition was handed in.
______________________________(因沒完成) the homework assigned by the teacher, he felt nervous when being question.
☆當分詞短語與主句的主語 一致時，不能用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，而應用“名詞或代詞+分詞”所構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)圖的形式。
_________________________(船嚴重損壞), the captain decided to abandon it.
4. Para 1.One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.
feed… on ___________________feed-back___________________
1) I’m fed up with/bored with/tired of so much work.________________________
2) ____________the lecture given by the professor, some students left the classroom.
A. Tired with B. Fed up with C. Tiring with D. Tiring of
2. Para5The climate is different depending on the area.
depend on/upon ______________
1) 你可以依靠他去做這項工作。_________________________________
2) What waste can be thrown into the sea_______what the matter is .
A. depend on B. depended on C. depends on D. depending on
3)-----Will you come to my son’s wedding?----It______. Maybe I will have something urgent to deal with then.
A. all depends B. all depend C. is all depended D. is all depending