Unit 5 The silver screen重難點(diǎn)講解
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯
1. career n.
1)（個(gè)人的）事業(yè) He had a very successful career. 他的事業(yè)很成功。
2)職業(yè) There are many more careers open to women now than 50 years ago.
現(xiàn)在比50年前有更多的職業(yè)向婦女開(kāi)放了。
3)可作定語(yǔ)，表“生平”、“生涯”
He’s a career teacher; it’s the only job he’s ever done.
他是個(gè)職業(yè)教師，這是他做過(guò)的惟一的一個(gè)工作。
2. scene n.
1) 故事/事情發(fā)生的地方
This is the scene of accident which happened last night.
這個(gè)故事發(fā)生的地方是個(gè)村莊。
2) 劇中的布景，場(chǎng)；風(fēng)景，景象
We missed the first few scenes of the movie.電影的開(kāi)始幾個(gè)場(chǎng)景我們沒(méi)看到。
Taxis and buses are part of the street scenes.出租車(chē)和公共汽車(chē)是街道的風(fēng)景。
behind the scenes 到后臺(tái)，在幕后
come / appear on the scene 出現(xiàn)
on the scene在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)
3. choice n.選擇，選擇的人或東西；adj. 精選的，高級(jí)的
We each had to make a choice. 我們每人都的作出選擇。
The shop has a large choice of hats. 這個(gè)店里有很多帽子可供選擇。
have no choice but to do…不得不做某事
We had no choice but to do what we were asked to do.
我們沒(méi)有辦法，只好做被要求做的事。
I bought some choice apples in the market. 我昨天在市場(chǎng)上買(mǎi)了些上等的蘋(píng)果。
4. degree n.
1) 度，級(jí)
The summer months has an average temperature of more than 30 degrees centigrade.
夏天平均溫度超過(guò)30度。
2）程度 He has a high degree of ability. 他能力很高。
to a ……degree 到……程度, 在……程度上
I agree with you to some degree.在一定程度上我同意你。
3）學(xué)位
He took his degree in physics at the university last year.
他去年在大學(xué)里獲得了物理學(xué)位。
5. speed
1）n. 速度，常與固定的介詞搭配使用，如：
with great speed以很快速度
at top (full, low, safe, high, ordinary) speed
以頂尖速度/ 以全速/ 以低速/ 以安全的速度/ 以高速/ 以一般的速度
at a speed of 100 kilometres an hour以每小時(shí)100公里的速度
如以某個(gè)東西的速度為參照, 則為at the speed of, 要用定冠詞。如：
at the speed of sound以光的速度
2）v. 表快速地前進(jìn)之意，其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞sped
He sped down the street. 他沿街快速前進(jìn)。
The time sped quickly by. 時(shí)間飛快地過(guò)去。
6. win v. 表示“贏得，獲得，在……中獲勝, 爭(zhēng)取到……”，要注意后面搭配的賓語(yǔ)：
win a victory獲得勝利/ a game/ a match比賽獲勝/ a prize獲獎(jiǎng) the Oscar/獲奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)/ the war戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)獲勝/ praises獲表?yè)P(yáng)/ a hundred pounds獲得一百鎊/ her respect贏得她的尊敬/ his friendship獲得他的友誼等都是常見(jiàn)搭配。
He won the first prize for his invention.他獲得了發(fā)明一等獎(jiǎng)。
n. winner 獲勝者
7. cruelty n. 殘酷 He was treated with great cruelty. 他被很殘酷地對(duì)待。
adj. be cruel to…對(duì)某人殘忍的
It’s cruel of sb to do sth.某人做某事很殘忍
It was cruel of the parents to beat the child to death.
父母把這孩子打死了真殘忍。
8. owe vt. 用法如下：
1）欠(錢(qián)、物、債等)，后常接直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)，即owe sb sth 或owe sth to sb. 如：
I owe him ＄10 [＄10 to him]. 我欠他十元。
I owed John 60 dollars when I was in Paris. 我在巴黎時(shí)，欠約翰60美圓。
2）應(yīng)該……歸功于……
I owe it to you that I’m still alive. 我現(xiàn)在還活著，應(yīng)該感謝你。
If I have improved in any way, I owe it all to my teacher.
如果說(shuō)我有一些進(jìn)步，這應(yīng)該全部歸功于我的老師。
We owe to Newton the principle of gravitation. 我們?nèi)颗ｎD才知道引力的原理。
3）應(yīng)當(dāng)給予……
I owe you many thanks.我非常感謝你。
We should do the duty which we owe to our country.
我們應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)國(guó)家盡我們應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。
4)owing to表示原因與thanks to， because of的用法區(qū)別：
because of指原因，意為“因?yàn)椤保靡灾赋隼碛伞Ｈ纾?/p>
We stayed at home. This is because of rain.我們呆在家里，因?yàn)橄掠辍?/p>
thanks to 即可表達(dá)正面意義（虧得，多虧，幸虧），
又可表示諷刺意義（近乎反語(yǔ)“感謝”）。
Thanks to your help we were successful. 多虧你的幫助，我們成功了。
It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game.
正是由于你的愚蠢, 我們比賽才輸了。
owing to 由于，應(yīng)歸功于。如：
Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time.
由于我們的共同努力，任務(wù)提前完成了。
9. accept 接受，指經(jīng)過(guò)考慮，由主觀意志來(lái)決定接受，動(dòng)作者本身是主動(dòng)的。
receive 接到，指收到某物這一動(dòng)作，本身有一定的被動(dòng)性，不包含本身是否愿意接受的意思。例如：
I received an invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我收到一份參加晚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，但我拒不接受。
10. live 常有以下用法：
1) adj. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)播出
It isn’t a record programme; it is live. 這不是錄音節(jié)目, 而是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)播。
The Oscar ceremony is the biggest, most extravagant live event on television.
奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮是最大、最鋪張的電視實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播
2）adj. 活的(多作定語(yǔ))
I saw a live mouse there. 我看見(jiàn)一只活老鼠在那兒。
3）v. 活著, 住, 生活
We eat to live, but do not live to eat. 我們吃飯是為了活著，但活著不是為吃飯。
【辨析】：live表示“活著的”，用于指物，放在名詞前，只作定語(yǔ)用；
alive多用于指人，作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)；
living既可指人或物，放在所修飾的名詞前，如帶短語(yǔ)則放在名詞后。
二、重點(diǎn)詞組
1. take off
1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉
He took off his wet shoes. 他脫下了濕鞋子。
2）（飛機(jī)）起飛
The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off. 飛機(jī)準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛。起飛非常順利。
3）匆匆離開(kāi)
The six men got into the car and took off for the park.
這六個(gè)人上了車(chē)，匆匆離開(kāi)去公園。
2. go wrong v. 走錯(cuò)路, 誤入岐途, (機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障
3. in all adv. 總共
4. stay away v.外出
5. look up 查詢（如賓語(yǔ)為代詞，則代詞放中間）
Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。
look for 尋找；look after照顧，照料； look forward to期待；look into調(diào)查；look on旁觀；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻閱，查看，檢查；look around環(huán)視；look through翻閱，查看。
6. run after追逐，追求
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. 同時(shí)追兩只兔子，你一只也抓不到。
7. bring sb back
8. on the air廣播
We will be on the air in five minutes. 我們五分鐘以后開(kāi)始廣播。
This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.
這個(gè)節(jié)目每天在同一時(shí)間播出。
9. think highly/well/much of 對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)很高, 贊賞, 對(duì)……印象好
He was highly thought of by the manager. 經(jīng)理對(duì)他非常贊賞。
I think well of your suggestion. 我覺(jué)得你的建議很好。
think badly/nothing/little/lowly of 表示“……認(rèn)為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺(jué)得……不怎么樣 ”
I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我覺(jué)得他作為一個(gè)老師不怎么樣。
10. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
許多看過(guò)這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法說(shuō)明：
1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of sb / sth
2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.
3) 擔(dān)心會(huì)發(fā)生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the
river.
4) 給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見(jiàn)時(shí), 用I’m afraid…, 如:
I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.
I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
三、重點(diǎn)句型
1. What story do you think it’s telling? 你認(rèn)為它講述的是一個(gè)什么故事？
這里的do you think是插入語(yǔ)，還有類似的do you suppose, you know, I suppose, do you believe等。陳述句中，插入語(yǔ)可放在句中、句尾；特殊問(wèn)句中放在句中，結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+插入語(yǔ)+陳述語(yǔ)序。
Who do you suppose telephoned today? 你猜今天誰(shuí)打電話來(lái)了？
What do you think she would feel? 你認(rèn)為她會(huì)感到怎么樣？
2. While still a student, she played roles in many plays.
當(dāng)她還是一個(gè)學(xué)生時(shí)，就多次在話劇中扮演角色了。
While still a student 相當(dāng)于While she was still a student.在英語(yǔ)中有些表示時(shí)間、條件、方式或讓步等的從句有時(shí)可省略一些成分；如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致（或者是從句的主語(yǔ)是it），而且從句謂語(yǔ)中又包含be，那么這個(gè)主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞都可以省略。如：
Don’t talk while (you are) eating.
When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful.
If (they are) operated by computer in the future, many of the trains will have no drivers.
Although (it was) sold by a German company for the first time in 1899, aspirin has been around much longer than that.
They looked around the room as if (they were) looking for something.
The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible.
3. After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.
從那以后過(guò)了七年他們才結(jié)婚。
before用法較多比較容易混淆，要結(jié)合具體的句型加以記憶：
1）……（多久以后）才。一般強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的遲緩性，如：
It was a long time before I got to sleep last night. 昨天夜里過(guò)了好久我才睡著。
It will be four years before we meet again. 四年以后我們才能再見(jiàn)面。
2）不等．．．．．．就。強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作未及發(fā)生就發(fā)生主句動(dòng)作，如：
He went out before I had (had) a chance to tell him the good news.
我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及告訴他這個(gè)消息他就已經(jīng)出去了。
3）（不多久．．．．．．）就
We hadn’t waited long before the bus came.我們沒(méi)等多久，公共汽車(chē)就來(lái)了。
It won’t be long before you get well again.不久你就可以恢復(fù)健康了。
4）寧愿．．．．．．，也不．．．．．．
He will die of hunger before he will steal. 他寧愿餓死，也決不行竊。
四、根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容完成下了各題：
單選：
1. Tom likes sports _____ I like music.
A. as B. when C. since D. while
2. A film _______ is the place where films are made.
A. play B. scene C. view D. sight
3. I’m sure our team will _____ the Bulls.
A. beat B. win C. get D. hit
4. What do you think _______ to him just now?
A. did happen B. did he happen C. did it happen D. happened
5. –What did the director think of John’s report?
--It couldn’t be any worse. He thought _____ of it.
A. nothing B. highly C. well D. much
6. During the war, he managed to escape _____.
A. catching B. caught C. being caught D. be caught
7. The boy has won a prize _____ his little invention.
A. of B. by C. with D. for
8. It was a long time ______ I realized it was late.
A. after B. before C. since D. when
9. The girl said she ______ her success _____ her teachers.
A. owed, to B. gave, to C. owed, for D. thanked, for
10. His success _______ him respect of all the people in the company.
A. won B. got C. send D. caused
翻譯填空
1. 我牙疼得要命, 一夜沒(méi)有睡著。
I’ve got an awful toothache. It _____ _____ ______ the whole night.
2. 這使我們沒(méi)法進(jìn)行下去。
This ______ _______ _______ for us to go to.
3. 他取得成功靠運(yùn)氣好多于靠下苦功。
He ______ ______ ______ _______ _______ rather than to hard work.
4. 他太窮, 請(qǐng)不起大夫, 才四十多歲就死了。
_____ ______ ______ ______ ______ _____, he died in his forties.
5. 機(jī)器出什么毛病了嗎?
Has anything ______ ______ with the machine?
參考答案:
單選
1. D表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
2. B scene故事發(fā)生的地方。
3. A 擊敗對(duì)手用beat，win后加比賽。
4. D 此句型用陳述句語(yǔ)序。
5. A 根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示評(píng)價(jià)不高。
6. C escape doing sth。
7. D prize for ……的獎(jiǎng)。
8. B 參看before的用法。
9. A owe sth to sb
10. A 贏得尊敬。
填空：
1. kept me awake 2. made it impossible 3. owed his success to luck
4. Too poor to afford a doctor 5. gone wrong