重、難點

1. 詞匯掌握

2. 詞匯，短語的用法

3. 課文難點句理解

知識總結與歸納

（一）單元分析與學習建議

1. 單元主題：藝術與建筑。現代建筑與傳統建筑比較；藝術與建筑的發展；舊建筑的重新利用；家居布置等。

2. 聽力：一對夫婦在家具店與服務員的談話，了解家居藝術品的材料和風格。

3. 交際用語：表達個人的觀點和偏愛。

4. 閱讀：

（1）Modern Architecture：了解現代建筑的歷史和特征；比較傳統建筑與現代建筑；借鑒傳統建筑美學特點的現代建筑。

（2）A second life for factory 798：了解798軍工廠的建筑風格；如何被重新利用成為藝術家的聚集地。

（3）The function of art：了解藝術的社會功能.

5. 語法：復習過去分詞做賓語補足語的用法。

6. 學習建議：運用構詞知識，錄音帶和教材中的有關詞匯的多種形式的練習來掌握和鞏固所學的新單詞。對于語法結構重在理解所表達的意思，理解練習和閱讀材料中出現的含有這些結構的句子。作題時一定要先理解清楚題干的意思（語境），千萬不要生套語法。閱讀材料中的語言非常生動地道，一定要從多種角度進行精讀。利用教材的朗讀錄音帶練習口語，朗讀和聽力

（二）詞匯學習

1. 運用構詞知識判斷下列單詞的意思：

heater; modernism; unnatural; unfriendly; create; aside; development; preference;

architect-architecture; construct-construction; seashell; workshop; teahouse

2. 單詞歸類：與建筑相關的詞匯：

architect; architecture; construct; construction; apartment; block; roof; cathedral; structure; furniture; heater; passage; concrete; balcony; stadium; rent

建筑風格：style; modernism

3. 根據句子的語境（上下文）判斷劃線詞的意思：

-Visitors to the Olympic Games will be impressed by the design of the stadium.

-I can’t stand his silly questions any more, especially when I am very busy.

-She tried to set aside some time every evening to read to her children.

-Will three o’clock be convenient for you ? Sure. I’m free this afternoon.

-John has just returned from a fantastic trip to Tibet in China.

（三）一些重要單詞，短語的用法

1. stand：站立，忍受（用于疑問句，否定句，接名詞，代詞或doing）；處于某種狀態。攤位

Do you think he can stand this cold weather?

I can’t stand seeing children smoking.

I never stand people telling me what to do.

Often, these buildings are pulled down after having stood empty without use for many years.

Few houses were left standing after the bombing raid.

Come and find out more about the new car at our company’s stand at the exhibition.

掌握短語：stand for：象征，代表，意味著；

His name is James B Clark. What does the B stand for?

考慮在下列句子中stand for 的意思：

I wouldn’t stand for that sort of treatment if I were you.

Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for.

2. convenient：方便，便利，做表語時，主語是表示事物的名詞。還可以做定語。表達“如果某人方便的話”：If（it is）convenient for/ to sb.

It is also convenient to live close to your work.

If quite convenient for you, I will visit you tomorrow morning.

They invited me to visit their workshop at a convenient date.

3. despite：不管，盡管，任憑；后面接名詞（短語）；代詞，不能接從句；although; though（連詞）后面接從句，也可以接形容詞，過去分詞，動詞-ing形式

We understand him despite his strong accent.

He came to the meeting despite his illness.

Demand for these cars is high, despite their high price.

4. belong：屬于，是……成員。常用短語：belong to（沒有被動語態，不用進行式）

What other materials belong to these group ?

This book doesn’t belong to me.

He had taken some valuables belonging to others.

China is a developing country, belonging to the third world.

5. aside：在一邊，到旁邊。

Stand aside and let these people pass.

He took me aside to tell me of his illness.

6. 以set為核心的常用短語：

set aside; set up; set off（for）; set out; set about; set free

注意下列句子中set短語的意思：

The simple style of the buildings and the fact that they are German set them aside as very different from Chinese architecture.

The sooner we set about the work, the sooner we’ll finish.

Setting aside my wishes in the matter, what would you really like to do ?

They will set off for Tibet tomorrow.

We set out to paint the whole house this morning but only the front at noon.

Roadblocks were set up by the police to catch escaped prisoner.

As part of the selection procedure, the board set up a situation to test the candidates ability to make decisions.

7. 短語，句型補充：

go against; act as; pull down; be decorated with

It looks as if+ 陳述句

*A is to B what C is to D：比喻結構：A對B 而言就如同C 對 D 一樣。例：

Honey is to a bee what milk is to a cow.

A net is to a fisherman what a gun is to a hunter.

（四）課文難點句理解

1. While in traditional architecture materials such as earth, stone, brick and wood are used, the materials of modern architecture are steel, glass and concrete.

傳統建筑使用土石和磚木等材料，而現代建筑的材料是鋼鐵，玻璃和混凝土等。

注意：while：并列連詞，表示對比。

2. Despite the fact that he used traditional materials, Gaudi was a modern architect.

盡管使用了傳統的建筑材料，Gaudi仍是一位現代建筑師。

注意：despite后接名詞，that he used traditional materials是fact的同位語從句。

3. Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.

從空中俯瞰，這座體育館就好象被一張灰色的鋼網罩住了似的。非常像樹枝搭成的鳥巢。

4. Often, these buildings are pulled down after having stood empty without use for many years.

這些空空的大樓往往閑置幾年以后就會被拆除了。

注意：after having stood empty without use for many years：分詞短語做時間狀語。Stand在此是系動詞后面接形容詞，表示處于某種狀態。

5. They are decorated with small round windows that remind you of ships, bent roofs and twenty-foot high walls of glass that make them special when compared with other architecture from the same period.

他們用小圓窗裝點，這讓人想到穹頂和20英尺高的玻璃墻，與同時期的其他建筑相比，風格非常獨特。

【典型例題】

一. 單項選擇

1. The landlord told him to leave because he hadn’t paid his _____.

A. due B. fee C. hire D. rent

解析：D 因為沒有付房租，房東要他搬走。

2. _____ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.

A. As for B. Except C. Despite D. Besides

解析：C 盡管科技進步，年齡大所帶來的不便仍然會毫無疑問地伴隨著我們。

3. The water could not flow freely because the pipe was ______.

A. blocked B. trapped C. loaded D. struck

解析：A 水無法流動是因為管子堵了。

4. My husband’s sister is blind, but she can walk without a _____.

A. pole B. branch C. bamboo D. stick

解析：D她能不用拐杖走路。

5. The photos on the wall _____ my grandma of those happy, old days when a large family lived together.

A. recall B. remember C. memorize D. remind

解析：D墻上的照片使奶奶想起過去那些幸福的日子，那時大家都生活在一起。remind

sb. of sth.：使某人回想起某事。

6. By regulating your environment, you _____ the expectation that learning will occur.

A. create B. discover C. invent D. construct

解析：A通過調節環境你能創造一種良好的學習氣氣氛。

7. I try to _____ a few minutes every day to do some exercises.

A. set out B. set off C. set up D. set aside

解析：D我每天盡量騰出時間來鍛煉身體。set aside：撥出，留出

8. Air is to us _____ water is to fish, We should take measure to keep air and water clean.

A. that B. which C. it D. what

解析：D空氣對于我們就像水對于魚的意義。A is to B what C is to D：比喻結構：A對B 而言就如同C 對 D 一樣

二. 翻譯句子

1. 我都快凍死了，再等下去我可受不了了。

2. 這家旅館是我叔叔的，它建于1980年。

3. 他每周都設法留出幾美圓買書。

4. 他特別地激動，眼里噙滿了淚水。

答案：

1. I would be nearly frozen to death. I can’t stand waiting any longer.

2. The hotel belongs to my uncle. It was built in 1980.

3. Each week he tried to set aside a few dollars for books.

4. He was very excited, with his eyes filled up with tears.

【模擬試題】（答題時間：60分鐘）

一. 單項選擇

1. The Suez Canal would soon _____ mud if not regularly cleared.

A. dies out B. use up C. fill up with D. die away

2. He has never liked meat, and has always had a（n）_____ for vegetables and fruit.

A. perspiration B. feeling C. idea D. preference

3. It’s time for supper. Please _____ your books aside so that we can use the table for supper.

A. take B. bring C. set D. carry

4. He doesn’t have enough money to buy a house. That’s why he is going to _____ a room for himself not far from his office.

A. hire B. build C. supply D. rent

5. _____ all his riches, the king was never satisfied.

A. However B. Though C. Despite D. Although

6. His words are strongly impressed _____ my memory.

A. in B. with C. for D. on

7. Don’t forget to _____ me about it tomorrow.

A. remember B. wake C. ask D. remind

8. Here are two hotels near here _____.

A. under construction B. under the construction

C. in construction D. in the construction

9. This room was designed _____ children.

A. at B. to C. of D. for

10. She had a_____ idea that I was poisoning her.

A. favorite B. reasonable C. fantastic D. popular

二. 閱讀理解

（1）

The desire to make explorations is born with man. Wherever his imagination goes, man also has a strong wish to go. A large part of human history is considered with the exploration of the world in which we live. Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known. With kites, balloons and aircraft they left the ground to pass through the lower atmosphere. Now the outer space receives their attention.

Why should man take the trouble of conquering space ? It is hard to list the specific practical benefits that will surely see and discover new things in space that will increase our scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment him, will be extremely valuable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. The areas that will benefits are manifold. They include communication, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, materials, fuels and many others. But to say definitely just what the practical results will be is almost impossible.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that _____.

A. man desire to explore what is unknown.

B. man often goes wherever his dreams go

C. man is no longer interested in the study of the land and sea now.

D. man’s history is his exploration of the world.

2. The word “manifold” in the second paragraph probably means _____.

A. vast B. various C. valuable D. practical

3. The author seems to be in favor of _____.

A. doubting the necessity of the space exploration

B. the exploration of space

C. exploring more in space than in sea

D. his experience in space

4. In the last sentence of Paragraph 2 the phrase “practical result” refers to the results _____.

A. that are obtained from experience

B. that can be learned as knowledge

C. that can be made use of

D. helping us make further exploration.

（B）

It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures（手勢）. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.

In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some pats of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”.

Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped（緊握的）hands up above your head means

“I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.

In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger（食指）, and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”

It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.

Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. People all over the world only communicate by words.

B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all.

C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate.

D. People can talk about anything in another country.

2. In Greece nodding your head means “______.”

A. Yes B. No C. I heard you D. I am the winner

3. Putting the thumb up should not be used in _____.

A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China

4. What does this sentence mean “….your action can speak louder than your words” ?

A. What you do is better than what you say.

B. You try your best to be polite.

C. You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.

D. What you say is better than what you do.

5. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, _____.

A. it is important to know the language.

B .it is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner.

C. to know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language.

D. to communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language.

【試題答案】

一. 單項選擇

1. C 蘇伊士運河如果不定期清理，很快會塞滿淤泥。Fill up with：塞滿，填充

2. D 他一直偏愛蔬菜水果。preference：偏愛

3. C 把書放到邊上騰出桌子吃飯。Set aside：把…置于一旁。

4. D 他將要在離他的單位不遠的地方租房子。

5. C despite：后接名詞或代詞；though或although后接從句。

6. D be impressed on…：給……留下印象。

7. D remind sb. about sth.：提醒某人某事

8. A under construction：在建設中。

9. D be designed for…為…而設計

10. C根據句意應該是a fantastic idea：荒誕的想法。

二. 閱讀理解

（A）

答案與分析：

1. A考查文章的主旨大意。從第一段Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known.可知。

2. B詞義猜測。從第二段The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way.可知the areas that will benefit是廣泛多樣的。文章下文說明獲利于各個方面。

3. B從全文看，作者對探索太空持贊成態度。

4. C文章最后一句意思是：但是要確切地說這種實際結果是什么將是不可能的。這種實際結果就是能應用上文所提到的各種領域所獲得的利益。

（B）

答案與分析：

1. B 細節判斷題，根據第一段However, many gestures have different meanings, or no

meaning at all, in different parts of the world.可以得知：許多手勢在某些地區要么有著不同的含義要么根本就沒有任何意義。

2. B 根據第二段內容可以得知點頭在希臘某些地區的含義。

3. A 根據第三段：Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything

is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad.可以得知樹大拇指在希臘的含義不同于在美國。它是“不好”的表示，不應使用。C，D兩項文章沒有涉及。

4. C 語句理解。根據第一段內容：人們在國外與人交流要么懂得外語，要么學會使用手

勢交流。所以說“通過手勢動作比通過語言能更好地被人理解。

5. C 考查文章的主旨。第一段第一句交代了文章的主題。