Unit 12 Education
整體感知
單元要點(diǎn)
Word study 1 load 2 workload 3 strict
4 compulsory 5 commitment
6 sceptical 7 tendency 8 absent
9 unwilling 10 expand 11 distribute
12 corporation 13 donate
14 curriculum 15 ministry
16 worldwide 17 profession
18 alongside 19 advocate
20 housewife 21 obtain
22 evident 23 recorder
24 anecdote 25 select 26 suit
27 restriction 28 schedule
29 presentation 30 analyse
31 measurement 1.負(fù)荷2.工作負(fù)擔(dān) 3.嚴(yán)厲的4、有責(zé)任的 5、承諾
6、常懷疑的 7、傾向，
8、缺席的 9、不愿意的
10、擴(kuò)大，11、分布
12、公司 13、捐贈(zèng)，
14、（全部的）課程
15、（政府的）部
16、遍及全世界的 17、職業(yè) 18、在…旁邊19、提倡
20、家庭主婦 21、獲得
22、明顯的 23、記錄者
24、軼事 25、選擇
26、適合于 27、限制
28、進(jìn)度表 29、描述，
30、分析 31、衡量，測(cè)量
useful expressions 1 be strict with/in 2 begin with
3 drop out(of)
4 be unwilling to do 5 result in 對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格 2、首先，
活動(dòng)，競(jìng)賽中退出，退學(xué)
4、不愿意做… 5、產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果
Sentence patterns and communicative English It be reported that 從句
…the custom is to educate boys rather than girls .
…the number of students in some schools is so low that students of …
Topic and Writing 1 To talk about study methods and learning styles
2 To write a report analyzing the way you learn
背景知識(shí)
key school
The designation “key school” exists for selected schools at every level: elementary, secondary, and higher. In addition, there are various levels of the “key” designation itself: There are national key institutions; provincial or municipal key institutions, and county or district key institutions. Key schools all enjoy priority funding as well as the privilege of recruiting the best students. At the elementary and secondary levels, this concept is similar to that of a “magnet” or “college preparatory” school in the United States. Entry into such schools is based on examination and academic promise and achievement. For such schools, success usually is measured in terms of the percentage of its graduates entering colleges and universities----especially the key colleges and universities priority in the allocation of limited resources, the training of top-level manpower for China’s reconstruction can be carried out more efficiently. In certain areas, the “key school” concept has come under fire. Indeed, the success of the key elementary and middle schools has been measured too often solely in terms of the college placement of its students, rather than on more objective measurements of learning. Furthermore, remnants of the same sort of elitism that shut down the key schools during the Cultural Revolution have re-emerged, leading to questioning by education authorities. Nevertheless, the vast majority of students gaining admission to China’s colleges and universities are graduates of key upper middle schools. Thus, key schools are likely to continue to thrive as long as they enjoy the near monopoly of placing students in college. Finally, since 1992, a new informal category of schools has emerged: the so-called “elite schools.” These non-governmental schools with state-of-the-art facilities often charge astronomical tuition fees and cater primarily to children of the new and wealthy entrepreneurial class in China. “Elite schools: exist at all levels of education, from kindergarten through higher education. (For more on these schools,)
細(xì)說(shuō)教材
warming up
All the people in the pictures are famous educators
畫面里所有的人都是著名的教育家
[點(diǎn)拔]：educator n.教育者，教育家
educate vt.教育
education n.教育
educational adj.有教育意義的，教育的，有關(guān)教育的
短語(yǔ)：educate sb. In/on sth. 對(duì)人某人進(jìn)行…教育
educate sb.to do sth . 教育某人做某事
e.g.：She was educated in the U.S.她是在美國(guó)受的教育
e.g.：Children need to be educated on the dangers of drug-taking.有必要對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行吸毒有害的教育
e.g.：a British-educated lawyer.受英國(guó)教育的律師。
… and then report to the class
… 然后向全班同學(xué)匯報(bào)
[點(diǎn)拔]：1. report 動(dòng)詞，“匯報(bào)”：有以下搭配結(jié)構(gòu)
report (on) sth to sb/doing to sb 向某人報(bào)告某事
be reported to do （接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，只用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）“報(bào)告說(shuō)…”
e.g.：The committee will report on its research next month.委員會(huì)下個(gè)月將匯報(bào)他們的研究情況。
e.g.：The neighour reported seeing him leave the building around room. 鄰居們反映說(shuō)在中午時(shí)分看見他離開了大樓。
e.g.：The house was reported to be in excellent condition 報(bào)告說(shuō)明這房子的狀況極佳。
2：report vt. “報(bào)道，公布，發(fā)表，宣布”（事件，消息等）
注意句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It be reported that 從句
相當(dāng)于名型： 主語(yǔ)+be reported to do 句型。
e.g.：It was reported that several people had been arrested.
轉(zhuǎn)換為：Several people were reported to have be arrested.
據(jù)報(bào)道已有數(shù)人被捕。
report (on) sth “報(bào)道…”
e.g.：She reports on news for the BBC.
她為英國(guó)廣播公司做新聞報(bào)道。
3：report n. “報(bào)道”，“匯報(bào)”常與介詞on搭配。
e.g.：Are these new reports true ? 報(bào)紙上這些報(bào)道屬實(shí)嗎？
e.g.：a weather report 天氣預(yù)報(bào)
e.g.：Can you give us a progress report ? 你能給我們提供進(jìn)度報(bào)告嗎？
Listening:
Compare your notes with your partners.
與你的同佯交換你的看法
[點(diǎn)拔]：compare vt.“比較”
comparison n.“比較”
注意短語(yǔ)：
compare A and /with B “比較A和B”“把A和B比較”
compare A to B “把A比作B”
compare to/with … “和…相比”
e.g.：We carefully compared the first report with the second.我們仔細(xì)比較了第一份報(bào)告和第二份報(bào)告。
e.g.：People always compare teachers to red candles 人們總是把把教師比作紅蠟。
e.g.：My own problems seem nothing compared with/to other people’s. 與別人的問(wèn)題相比，我自己的問(wèn)題算不得什么。
[點(diǎn)拔]
compare notes with sb 與某人交換看法或意見等
make a note of
make notes of 請(qǐng)記錄下…
take a notes/notes of 記筆記…
注意以上短評(píng)意義上的區(qū)別。
Speaking
a heavy workload 沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)
[點(diǎn)拔]：1. load n.“負(fù)擔(dān)，負(fù)載” e.g.：such a heavy workload.如此沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)
2.load n.“擔(dān)子，貨物”
短語(yǔ)：a load of=loads of 接可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，“大量”，“許多”之意。
e.g.：She has got loads of friends.
She has got a load of friends.
她有許多朋友。
e.g.：There is loads of work to do today.
今天有好多工作要做。
3.load vt.譯為“裝載”
常見短語(yǔ)：
load … with sth 相當(dāng)于 load sth onto/into 漢語(yǔ)意思是：“把某物裝到…上”
e.g.：We are still loading. 我們?nèi)栽谘b貨。
e.g.：Men were loading up a truck with wood..
轉(zhuǎn)換為 Men were loading up wood onto a truck.
工人正在把木材裝到卡車上。（工人們?cè)诳ㄜ嚴(yán)镅b了木材。）
e.g.：She loaded film into the camera.
轉(zhuǎn)換為 She loaded the camera with film.
他把膠卷裝到了相機(jī)里。（他在相機(jī)里裝了膠卷）
[點(diǎn)拔]
區(qū)別 burden :“重負(fù)”，多指心理思想上壓力。
load : “負(fù)荷”“擔(dān)子”，多指物體、事物。
e.g.：bear a heavy burden. 忍受學(xué)生的心理壓力。
His aged farther is becoming a burden to him
他年邁的爸爸正成為他的負(fù)擔(dān)。
to be strict with 對(duì)…嚴(yán)格要求
[點(diǎn)拔]：1、strict adj. “嚴(yán)格的”，“嚴(yán)厲的”，注意短語(yǔ)
be strict with sb. 對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格（人）。
be strict in sth. 對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格（事/物）。
e.g.：a strict rule against smoking 禁止吸煙的嚴(yán)格制度。
e.g.：The teacher is strict with us and strict in his work as well.
老師對(duì)我們要求很嚴(yán)格，對(duì)他的工作也很嚴(yán)格。
strict adj. 精確的，嚴(yán)密的。
Please give a strict understanding. 請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的理解。
strictly adv. 嚴(yán)格地，固定習(xí)語(yǔ) Strictly speaking.
意為：“準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)”，“嚴(yán)格地講”。
e.g.：Strictly speaking , he is not qualified the job.
準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，他不是具備從事這工作的資格。
Reading
… every Chinese child would have nine years of compulsory education.
每一位中國(guó)兒童必須接受九年義務(wù)教育。
[點(diǎn)拔]：compulsory adj. “義務(wù)的，有責(zé)任的”，“必須做的”。
e.g.：Is military service compulsory in your country ?
你們國(guó)家實(shí)行義務(wù)兵役制度嗎？
e.g.：Is English a compulsory subject ? 英語(yǔ)是必修科目的？
… that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education . …公民的未來(lái)幸福與教育是緊密相關(guān)的。
[點(diǎn)拔]：1、closely adv. “密切地”，“仔細(xì)地”，“緊緊地”
closely adv.，與距離無(wú)關(guān)，指抽含意的關(guān)系近地。
Close 也可作副詞，意思是“near , not far away”
為“接近，靠近”之意，指距離近地。
e.g.：They sat close together . 他們緊挨著做在一起。
e.g.：I couldn’t get close enough to see . 我無(wú)法靠得很近去看清楚。
e.g.：I sat and watched everyone very closely .
我坐著仔細(xì)觀察每一個(gè)人。
e.g.：The two events are closely connected.
兩件事件之間有密切的關(guān)系。
[點(diǎn)拔]： link 聯(lián)系。
link n. 名詞：“聯(lián)系，連接”，“關(guān)系，紐帶”，常見短語(yǔ)
link between A and B 連接A和B/A和B之間的聯(lián)系。
link with sth. 與…聯(lián)系。
e.g.：Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders .
警方懷疑那兩樁兇殺案可能有關(guān)聯(lián)。
e.g.：We will keep trade links with Asia .
我們將保持與亞洲的貿(mào)易關(guān)系。
link v. 動(dòng)詞，常見短語(yǔ)搭配
link A to/with B(或 link A and B) 把A和B連接起來(lái)。
e.g.：The Channel Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.
英吉利海峽隧道把英國(guó)和歐洲其他國(guó)家連接起來(lái)了。
e.g.：Detective have lined the break-into a similar crime in the area last year.
偵探以為這起入室盜竊案與去年此地區(qū)一類似案件有關(guān)。
… made a commitment to provide … …作出一項(xiàng)承諾提供…
[點(diǎn)拔] 1. make a commitment to sb. to do “做出承諾”，相當(dāng)于 make a promise.
Commitment 是名詞，意為“承擔(dān)”，“保證”。
e.g.：I’m overworked at the moment .──I’ve taken on too many commitments.
我目前勞累過(guò)度──應(yīng)承的事情太多了。
e.g.：She doesn’t want to make a commitment to steve at the moment.
她不想在此刻對(duì)史蒂夫作出承諾。
2、commit vt.“承諾”，“保證”，注意短語(yǔ)搭配
to sth.
commit sb/yourself to doing 向…承諾做某事。
to do
e.g.：The President is committed to reforming health care.
總統(tǒng)承諾要改革衛(wèi)生保健制度。
e.g.：Both sides committed themselves to settle the conflict peacefully .
雙方承諾和平解決矛盾。
To begin with , it is important to create a positive attitude .
首先，重要的是拿出一種積極的態(tài)度。
[點(diǎn)撥]：to begin with 固定短語(yǔ)，有下列意義：
in the first place ; firstly. 首先，第一
e.g. I’m not going .To begin with I haven’t a ticket ,and secondly I didn’t like the play .
我不走。第一我沒(méi)有票，第二我不喜歡這出戲。
at first 起初
e.g. To begin with he had no money ,but later he became quite rich .
起初他沒(méi)有錢，但是后來(lái)他變得很富有。
begin with “從---開始”相當(dāng)于 “start with ---”
相反的短語(yǔ)是 “end with ---”“以-結(jié)束”
e.g. The English alphabet begins with “A” and ends with “Z”.
“Alphabet”這個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞是以“A”開始以“Z”結(jié)束。
In areas where agriculture plays an important role ,people do not attach importance to education ,and parents are sceptical of anything that takes children away from their work on the farm.
在一些地方，農(nóng)業(yè)扮演著重要角色。人們認(rèn)為教育對(duì)他們不是那么舉足輕重，父母對(duì)任何讓孩子脫離農(nóng)田勞動(dòng)的事情常表示懷疑。
[點(diǎn)撥]：play a role (in---) 相當(dāng)于play a part (in---) “在---中起作用”或者譯為“在---中扮演角色”
[點(diǎn)撥]：attach to 意思是：“把---固定”“把---附在---上”
e.g. I attach a copy of my notes to the newspaper for your information .
我在報(bào)紙上附了一份筆記讓你參考。
attach importance (value, weight etc.) to sth. 固定短語(yǔ) 意思是“認(rèn)為---有重要性（價(jià)值，分量等）”
e.g. I attach great importance to this research .
我認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究十分重要。
[點(diǎn)撥]：sceptical “懷疑的”注意短語(yǔ) be sceptical of /about 意思是“懷疑---”“對(duì)---表示懷疑”
e.g. I am sceptical about his chances of winning .
我懷疑他取勝的可能性。
The public remain sceptical of this claims .
公眾對(duì)這一說(shuō)法仍持懷疑態(tài)度。
China and other countries found that even in the countryside when children do start school ,they have a tendency often to be absent and drop out later .
中國(guó)和其它國(guó)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，尤其在農(nóng)村，孩子確實(shí)去上學(xué)了，而他們又經(jīng)常逃學(xué)，繼而輟學(xué)這一傾向。
[點(diǎn)撥]： do start school 短句中，do 是助動(dòng)詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，無(wú)任何意義，要重讀。
e.g. She did know the truth of the theft .
她的確知道盜竊案的真相。
She dose go to the park to feed the ducks every day .
她確實(shí)每天下午到公園去喂鴨子。
[點(diǎn)撥]：tendency 名詞“傾向”“趨勢(shì)”
tend 動(dòng)詞“傾向”“趨勢(shì)”
tend 動(dòng)詞“照料、看護(hù)”
e.g. Prices continue to show an upward tendency .
物價(jià)繼續(xù)顯示出向上的趨勢(shì)。
I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter .
在冬季我常常早睡覺。
There are nurses tending the injured .
有護(hù)士照料這些傷員。
[點(diǎn)撥]：absent 形容詞“不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的”“不存在的”“無(wú)”
absence 名詞
e.g. He is absent from school very often .
他經(jīng)常曠課。
Love was totally absent from his childhood .
他的童年時(shí)代完全缺少愛。
In the absence of the manager ,I’ll be in charge .
經(jīng)理不在，我來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)。
[點(diǎn)撥]：1.drop out of 這一短語(yǔ)的意思是“退出”“輟學(xué)”
e.g. Since his last defeat ,he has dropped out of politics .
自從他上次失敗了，他就退出了政治生活。
She got a scholarship to Combridge but dropped out a year later .
她獲得了劍橋大學(xué)的學(xué)籍，但是一年后她輟學(xué)了。
2.drop 動(dòng)詞“降落、落下”“指人或動(dòng)物筋疲力盡地倒下”“降低、減少”
e.g. The bottle dropped and broken .
瓶子落下來(lái)，摔碎了。
The climmer slipped and dropped to death .
登山者滑了下來(lái)，摔死了。
His voice dropped to whisper .
他的聲音降到了耳語(yǔ)的程度。
3.drop 相關(guān)短語(yǔ)
drop in on sb. (= call on sb .) 拜訪某人
drop in at a place (= call at a place ) 訪問(wèn)/參觀某地
In some countries parents are particularly unwilling to send their daughters to school because the custom is to educate boys rater than girls .
在一些國(guó)家，父母尤其不愿把女孩子送到學(xué)校讀書，由于習(xí)慣上重男輕女的緣故吧。
[點(diǎn)撥]：unwilling 形容詞“不愿意的”“不情愿的” 反義詞是willing
willing adj. 相當(dāng)于 ready or eager to help 意思是“愿意”
e.g. Are you willing to accept responsibility ?
你愿意承擔(dān)責(zé)任嗎？
will 助動(dòng)詞，表示對(duì)未來(lái)事物的預(yù)料，還可表意愿等；
e.g. You will be in time if you hurry .
如果你抓緊，你會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到。
He will start school soon , won’t he ?
他不久就上學(xué)了，是嗎？
He’ll take you home---you only have to ask .
他愿意帶你回家，你只要請(qǐng)求一下。
will 名詞，意思是“意志、意愿”
e.g. She shows great strength of will .
她顯示出了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志力。
Where there is a will ,there is a way .
有志者，事競(jìng)成。
[點(diǎn)撥] 有關(guān)rather than 的用法：
1. rather than可連接兩個(gè)并列成份，表示“---而不是---”rather than
e.g. The colour seems green rather than blue .
這顏色似乎是綠色而不是藍(lán)色。
It was what he meat rather than what he said .
這是他的意愿而不是他的原話。
2. 句型would do --- rather than do ---也可寫成would rather do --- than do “寧愿做---而不愿做---”
e.g. He would rather listen to others than talk himself .可換為：
He would listen to others rather than talk himself .
他寧愿聽別人談而不愿自己說(shuō)。
He would deal with a man rather than with a woman .可換為：
He would rather deal with a man than with a woman .
他愿意和男人打交道而不愿意和女人打交道。
3. would rather +從句 “寧愿某人做某事”，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的事；從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成式，表示希望已過(guò)去的事情；若用進(jìn)行式，表示希望正在進(jìn)行的事情。
e.g. She would rather the children called on her the next day .
她寧愿孩子們第二天來(lái)看望她。
He would rather you had led a happy life .
我們寧愿你們已經(jīng)過(guò)上了好日子。
China’s large population meat that the schools had to expand to take in many more students .
中國(guó)人口眾多，那就意味著學(xué)校不得不擴(kuò)大來(lái)接納如此多的學(xué)生。
[點(diǎn)撥] take in 接人和接物，其含義不同
1. take sb. in 意思是to allow sb. to stay in your home 譯為：“收留、留宿”
e.g. He was homeless ,so we took him in .
他無(wú)家可歸，我們便收留了他。
2. take sb. in 另一個(gè)含義是 to make sb. believe sth. that is not true 譯為“欺騙、蒙騙”
e.g. She took me in completely with her story .
她的一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙了。
Don’t be taken in by his charm --- he’s ruthless .
不要被他迷人的風(fēng)度所蒙蔽，其實(shí)他冷酷無(wú)情。
3. take sth. in 意思較多，常有“吸入、吞入”“改小、改瘦衣服”“包含、包括”“注意到、看到”
e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills .
魚用鰓呼吸氧氣。
This dress needs to be taken in at the waist .
這件連衣裙腰身需要改瘦一些。
The tour takes in six European capitals .
這次旅行包括六個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家的首都。
He took in every detail of her appearance .
他仔細(xì)打量了她一番。
[點(diǎn)撥] many more students “更多的學(xué)生”請(qǐng)注意修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用 much more
e.g. He has much more work to do .
他有更多的工作要作。
---the number of students in some schools is so low that students of ---
---學(xué)生的數(shù)量是如此之少以至于學(xué)生---
[點(diǎn)撥] so --- that --- “那樣---以至于---”引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
e.g. He was so young that you must excuse him .
他是那樣年輕，你必須得原諒他。
He got up so early that he could catch the first bus .
他起得那樣早以便能趕得上第一班車。
so that “以致”引表目的的從句
e.g. Let’s try and arrange so that we can get there at one o’clock .
咱們?cè)O(shè)法安排一下，以便我們能在一點(diǎn)鐘到那兒。
在so --- that ---分開的句型中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將so 放在句首，主句倒裝。上面兩句可改為：
e.g. So young was he that you must excuse him .
So early did he get up that he could catch the first bus .
--- this results in large class sizes .
---這種情況導(dǎo)致了大班上課。
[點(diǎn)撥] result in “產(chǎn)生---作用/結(jié)果”是固定短語(yǔ)
result from “因---而產(chǎn)生”“導(dǎo)致”
as a result of “因?yàn)椤薄坝捎?--的結(jié)果”
as a result “結(jié)果”
e.g. Our efforts resulted in success.
我們的努力導(dǎo)致了成功。
The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles .
談判導(dǎo)致了導(dǎo)彈數(shù)量的減少。
The failure resulted from his laziness .
失敗源于他的懶惰。
In many developing countries there is not enough money available to provide classrooms .---
在許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家，國(guó)家拿不出足夠的錢為所有的孩子提供教室---
[點(diǎn)撥] developing 為現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾 countrise
a developing country 一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家
a developed country 一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家
[點(diǎn)撥] provide sth. for sb. ( 或provide sb. with sth. )
supply sth. to/for sb. ( 或supply sb. with sth. )
offer sth. to sb. ( 或offer sb. sth. )
以上三個(gè)詞短語(yǔ)，大意“為---提供物”“把---物提供給人”但要注意offer 含有自愿奉獻(xiàn)的意思。
e.g. I offer him a a glass of wine .
我敬了他一杯酒。
We offered him the house for 1000.
我要價(jià)1000鎊賣給他那幢房子。
We offered him 1000 for the house .
我們出價(jià)1000鎊向他買那幢房子。
The school provided food for the students .
( 或The school provided the students with food. )
這所學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供食物。
The school supplies books for/to the children .
( 或The school supplies the children with books .)
學(xué)校提供學(xué)生們書籍。
providing 和provided 還可作連詞使用，意為“如果--”“只要--”相當(dāng)于if 條件句。但要根據(jù)句子主語(yǔ)判斷是使用 provided 還是使用providing 。
e.g. She may come with us provided that she arrives in time .
如果她及時(shí)到達(dá)，她可能會(huì)和我們一起來(lái)。
You may go out providing you do your homework first .
只要你先把作為做好，你就可以出去了。
The equip schools some of these governments rely completely on aid from other countries ---
為了裝備學(xué)校設(shè)施，這些國(guó)家政府幾乎完全依賴外國(guó)。
[點(diǎn)撥] 1. rely-relies-relying –--relied --–relied 注意動(dòng)詞五式的寫法。
2. rely on sb./sth. to do 或 rely on sb./sth. doing 固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“依賴、依靠”
( 相當(dāng)于be dependent on )
e.g. These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work .
現(xiàn)在，我們很大程度上依賴電腦來(lái)安排我們的工作。
The industry relies on the price remaining high .
這一產(chǎn)業(yè)靠的是價(jià)格高漲。
3. rely on sb./sth. to do sth. “信任、信賴”相當(dāng)于 trust or have faith in
e.g. You should rely on your own judgment .
你應(yīng)該相信自己的判斷。
You can rely on me to keep your secret .
你可以相信我一定會(huì)為你保守秘密。
---international organizations such as the World Bank and non-governmental organizations
---國(guó)際組織，諸如此類有“世界銀行組織”、“非政府組織”---
[點(diǎn)撥]:non是一個(gè)前綴詞頭,可以放在名詞、形容詞前構(gòu)成一個(gè)反義詞。
e.g. non+n.
non-cooperation 不合作
non-member 非成員
non-smoker 不抽煙的人
non-white 非白種人
non-confidence 不信任
e.g. non+adj.
non-existent 不存在的
non-human 非人類的
non-stop 中途不停的
non-smoking 非吸煙的
non-nuclear 非核子的
[點(diǎn)撥]:donate 意思是give money、food、clothes、etc.to sb/sth譯為“捐贈(zèng)、贈(zèng)送”。常見短語(yǔ)：donate sth.to sb/sth
e.g. He donated thousands of pounds to charity.
他向慈善事業(yè)捐款數(shù)千英鎊。
e.g. All donated blood is tested for HIV and other infections.
所有獻(xiàn)的血都要接受愛滋病病毒和其他傳染病檢查
[點(diǎn)撥]: of sth
make sure
that 從句
注意接that從句時(shí)，從句常使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。這一短語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)含義，一是“確保，沒(méi)法保證”，另一是“查明”、“核實(shí)”、“弄清事實(shí)”。
e.g. Make sure(that)no one finds out about this.
絕對(duì)不能讓任何人發(fā)現(xiàn)這件事
e.g. They scored another goal and make sure of victory.
他們又進(jìn)了一個(gè)球，這就贏定了
e.g. She looked around to make sure that she was alone.
她往四下里看看，是不是只有她一個(gè)人
[點(diǎn)撥]：despite 介詞，意思是“不管、盡管、任憑”。注意固定短語(yǔ)：despite oneself,譯為“盡管（自己）不愿意”
e.g. Her voice was shaking despite all her efforts to control it.
盡管她竭盡全力控制自己，聲音仍然在顫抖
e.g. Despite applying for hundred of jobs, he is still out of work.
盡管他申請(qǐng)了數(shù)百個(gè)工作，但仍然在失業(yè)
e.g. He had to laugh despite himself.
他不想笑，但還是忍不住笑了出來(lái)
Integrating skills
[點(diǎn)撥]：common adj.“常見的；普遍的；通常的”、“共有的；共同的”
n. “公共用地；公地”、“（學(xué)校等）學(xué)生公共食堂”
注意有關(guān)固定短語(yǔ)的使用：
have sth in common with sb/sth (想法、興趣等方面)相同/有相同的特征
in common 共有，公有
in common with sb 與……相同
e.g. Jane and I have nothing in common 可轉(zhuǎn)換為
I have nothing in common with Jane.
我與簡(jiǎn)毫無(wú)共同之處
e.g. The two cultures have a lot in common
這兩種文化具有許多相同之處
e.g. They hold the property as tenants in common.
作為共同租賃人，他們共同占用這份房地產(chǎn)
[點(diǎn)撥]：suggest此處為“暗示；表明”之意，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞未使用表現(xiàn)虛擬形式的should+動(dòng)詞原形。
Suggest 表示“建議”后面可接以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)
名詞
Suggest+ 動(dòng)名詞
從句（從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多由should+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，也可省略should）
London for their meeting.他建議在倫敦舉行會(huì)議
e.g. He suggested
a twenty-day tour of Europe.他建議到歐洲作二十日游
e.g. I suggest doing it in a different way.
我建議用另種方法做這件事。
e.g. He suggested that she(should) come another day.
他建議她改天再來(lái)。
注意：現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，suggest作“建議”講時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)有時(shí)也可能有別的形式。
e.g. Your niece suggested I might call and see you .
你的侄女建議我來(lái)看你。
2．Suggest “表明、暗示”接從句時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣
e.g. Her pale face suggests that she hasn’t got well.
她蒼白的臉色表明她還沒(méi)有痊愈
[點(diǎn)撥]：that things are said 是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞way , 先行詞way常用that或in which 作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，that／in which 也可以省略
［點(diǎn)撥］：select v.“挑選、選拔”, to do
短語(yǔ)select sb
as+名詞
adj.仔細(xì)挑選的，精選的
selection n.挑選，選擇，選拔
e.g. Who has been selected to take part in the project?
挑選誰(shuí)去參加這個(gè)工程?
e.g. He is selected as the team leader.
他被選為隊(duì)長(zhǎng).
e.g. I’m delighted about my selection as leader
我很高興被選為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)
e.g. The selected Works of Mao Zedong.《毛澤東選集》
[點(diǎn)撥]：
choose 對(duì)所選事物事前不了解
區(qū)別 pick out 事前已知道或了解所選事物，通過(guò)辨別挑選出來(lái)
select 精心挑選最好，最優(yōu)秀的事物
[點(diǎn)撥]：suit vt.“適合于”，指日期、天氣、食物、衣著、色彩等等諸方面
suitable adj.“適合的” be suitable for
fit vt.“適合”只是指尺寸大小合適
fit adj.“適合的”
be fit for一是“尺寸大小合適”，另一是“適合工作”
e.g. Does the skirt suit me ? 指裙子的顏色、款式、圖案等是否合適
Does the skirt fit me ? 指裙子的尺寸大小是否合適
這裙子適合我嗎？
這裙子合我身嗎？
e.g. Will Thursday suit you ? 星期四合適嗎？（不可用fit）
e.g. A place suitable for a picnic .一個(gè)適合野餐的地方（不能用fit）
習(xí)題對(duì)話
Language practice
1.①absent: not in a place because of illness etc.
②compulsory: that must be done because of a law or a rule
③standard: a level of quality
④curriculum: the subjects that are included in a course of study or taught a school, college .
⑤distribute: share sth between a number of people .
⑥tendency: behave or act in a particular way; a new custom that is starting to develop.
⑦expand: to become greater in size, number or importance; to make sth greater in size, number or importance
⑧skeptical: having doubts that a claim or statement is true or that sth will happen.
⑨commitment: a promise to do sth or to behave in a particular way; a promise to support sb/sth
⑩load: sth that is being carried by a person, vehicle, etc.
2.1).compulsory 2).continuous 3).requirement 4).unless 5).corporations
6).demanding 7).tendency 8).comminent 9).retires 10).curriculum
11).benefit 12).outcome 13).ministries 14).be expanded
3.①leave before they finish drop out.
②increased gone up
③hopes and requirements expectations
④not prepared unwilling
⑤examined analyzed
⑥lead to acquire
⑦in comes and higher levels of comfort living standard
⑧worked out calculated
考題檔案
1．[全國(guó)2004.25]Rose need special care they can live through winter.
A. because B. so that C. even if D. even
2．[全國(guó)2004.26]-How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?
--That me fine
A. fits B. meets C. satisfies D. suits
3.[上海2003.30]It is believed that if a book is ,it will surely the reader.
A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest
4.[上海2003.34]We were in when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.
A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush
C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush
5.[上海2003.50] One of the consequences of our planet’s being warming up is
a(n) in the number of natural disasters.
A. result B. account C. reason D. increase
6.[ 上海2003.54]The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up
7.[北京2002.30]It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold ,so the stood to her mother.
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing
8.[上海2002.39] be sent back to work there?
A. who do you suggest B. who do you suggest
C. Do you suggest who would D. Do you suggest whom should
9.[上海2002.50]Can you make a sentence to the meaning of the phrase?
A. show off B. turn out C. bring out D. take in
10.[湖北2004.30]On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she pale.
A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared
一課一測(cè)
Ⅰ：?jiǎn)尉涓腻e(cuò)
1．It is a no-smoking office, the only one of the building .
2. All of you ,including the 10-year-old child must make sure you will finish morning exercise before 6 a.m.
3.The climate here doesn’t fit anyone moving form the south .
4.He who is strict in himself is sure to succeed.
5.The two events are closely connected, providing you think over .
6.who do you suggest the game should begin from ?
7.where there is will, there is a way .
8.she would rather all of her sons have attended college leaving her alone at home.
9.The lack of resources often make it impossible for teachers to provide the best exercises to all learners.
10.It is very different from for parents of children in the least developed nations of Africa and Asia.
B級(jí)（創(chuàng)新提高）
I：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇。
1．He will surely finish the job on time he’s left to do it in his own way ．
A．in that B．so long as C．in case D．for fear that
2．A student _________ his family lots of money for education．
A．spends B．costs C．takes D．pays
3．Everyone was on time for the lecture ________ Charles, who is usually ten minutes late for everything．
A．but B．only C．even D．yet
4．-I'll tell something about the change in your job tomorrow．
-You ________ me some time earlier．
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
5．I hear you are saying that doctors should be highly paid, and this is ________ I disagree．
A．why B．where C．what D．how
6．There is no experience you can have ________ is more exciting than skating on real ice．
A．that B．it C．what D．this
7．You shouldn't leave the water ________ while you wash clothes; it's a waste of water．
A．run B．running C．being run D．to run
8．Only when they were told of the importance of time ________ wasting time is like wasting part of their lives．
A．those boys realized B．those boys had realized
C．had those boys realized D．did those boys realize
9．________ you met with Yao Ming for the first time?
A．When it was that B．Was it when that
C．When was it that D．Was it that when
10．He accidentally ________ he had stolen something from a shop and had been punished by the guards．
A．let out B．took care C．made sure D．made out
11．They wanted to get paid before the Spring Festival, but it didn't quite ________ as planned．
A．make out B．go on C．turn out D．come up
12．________ the project, the workers have to stay there for another two months．
A．Not completing B．Not completed
C．Not having completed D．Having not completed
13．________ to the top of the hill and you'll find the city more beautiful．
A．Climb B．Climbing C．If you climb D．When climbing
14．Our monitor has ________ larger collection of ________ books than any other student in our class．
A．the; 不填 B．a(chǎn); 不填 C．a(chǎn); the D．不填;the
15．-What are we going to do on the weekend?
- ________ ．Whatever you want to do is fine with me．
no-smoking 改為 non-smoking 2.去掉will
3.Fit改為suit 4.in改為with 5.providing改為provided
6.from改為with 7.is will 之間添加冠詞a
8.去掉have，或?qū)ave改為had 9.to改為for
10.去掉From