介詞
about
1. be curious about對……感到好奇
She is too curious about her neighbors’ business.
她太好管鄰居的閑事。
2. knock about/around 接連打擊；沖擊；漫游；閑逛
He knocked about for a year, trying to find a proper job.
他到處跑了一年，想找一份合適的工作。
3. get around/about四處走動；活動
A car makes it easier to get around/about.
汽車使走動容易了。
4. go about開始做；著手做
It’s not a difficult job if you go about it in the right way.
假如你以正確的方法做，那不是一件困難的工作。
after
1. after all畢竟
Personally, I think he did a good job. After all, he’s only a green hand.
我個人認為他工作做得很好。畢竟，他是一個新手。
as
1. act as 扮演；擔當；充當
A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind man.
經過訓練的狗可以給盲人充當向導。
2. as a result (of)結果
He was late as a result of the traffic jam.
由于交通阻塞，他遲到了。
3. as far as I know就我所知
As far as I know, he failed again in the exam.
就我所知，他考試又不及格。
4. serve as作為；當作
When you sleep in the open, old newspaper can serve as a blanket.
在野外睡覺時，舊報紙可充作毛毯用。
5. be known as作為……而出名
The woman is known as a singer.
這個婦女以歌唱家而聞名。
6. such as諸如……之類的，像……這種的
I visited several cities such as New York, Chicago, and Boston.
我游覽過幾個城市，像紐約、芝加哥、波士頓等。
at
1. at hand近在手邊；在附近；即將來到
I always keep a dictionary at hand.
我經常把字典放在手邊。
2. aim (sth) at旨在；瞄準
The hunter aimed his rifle at a deer.
獵人用步槍瞄準一只鹿。
3. at first sight乍一看；初見之下
At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.
乍看之下，他們的要求似乎滿合理的。
4. at the mercy of任由……擺布
The boat was at the mercy of the rapid river.
那條船任由湍急的河流擺布。
5. at a distance
The sound of the waterfall can be heard at a distance of 2 miles.
在2英里外就能聽到瀑布聲。
6. all at once突然
All at once he spoke out.
他突然大膽說出來。
back
1. pay back償還
Can you lend me some money? I’ll pay you back tomorrow.
你能不能借我一點錢？我明天就還給你。
by
1. by comparison“相比之下”
He seems rather weak by comparison.
相比之下，他似乎相當累。
in/by comparison with“與……比起來；與……相比”
Living in the country is cheap in comparison with the big cities.
與大城市相比，在鄉下生活較便宜。
2. go by過去；走過
Two years had gone by before we knew it.
兩年已經過去了，我們才知道真相。
for
1. call for 1）去接（某人），去取（某物）2）要求；大聲呼叫3）需要
a) Wait for me at home. I’ll call for you on my way to school.
請在家等著我，我會在上學的路上去接你。
b) People are calling for freedom of all slaves.
人們要求給所有的奴隸以自由。
c) Success in school calls for much hard work.
學業上要取得成功需要付出艱苦的努力。
2. be done for完蛋了；不行了；累死了
If Jim fails that test, he is done for.
如果吉姆考試不及格，他就完了。
3. allow for顧及；為……作準備
It takes about an hour to get there, allowing for possible traffic delays.
考慮到交通延遲，到那兒需大約一小時時間。
4. be used for被用來做……
During the war, the castle was used for keeping prisoners in.
戰爭期間，這個城堡用來關押囚犯。
5. for once就這（那）一次
For once you are right.
只有這一次你是對的。
from
1. (be) free from無……的；免于……；免除……；擺脫……
The old lady is never free from pain.
那老太太一直沒有擺脫痛苦。
2. prevent sb. (from) doing sth“阻止某人做某事”
What can we do to prevent this disease (from) spreading?
我們怎么做才能防止這種疾病傳播呢？
3. benefit from從……中獲益
I benefited enormously from my father’s advice.
我從父親的忠告獲益良多。
4. from then on從那時起
From then on, he worked even harder.
從那時起他工作更加努力。
5. break away from擺脫；脫離
The criminal broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.
罪犯掙脫了抓住他的兩位警察。
6. date from 見date back to
7. protect … from/against保護……免遭……
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴著太陽鏡保護眼睛免受強光傷害。
8. die from見die of
9. suffer from苦于；患……病
He is suffering from a bad cold.
他在患重感冒。
in
1. in one’s absence“某人不在時；某人外出時；背地里”
They spoke ill of the captain in his absence.
他們在背地里說隊長的壞話。
2. consist in “在于；存在于”
The beauty of this picture consists in its balance of colors.
這幅畫的美在于其色彩的協調。
3. in general 一般地；大體上
In general he is quite a satisfactory student.
總的說來，他是一位令人滿意的學生。
4. keep in touch with 與……保持聯系
They keep in touch with each other by writing regularly.
他們經常通信，保持聯系。
5. in store 儲藏著；準備著；就要來到
There was another accident in store for him that day.
那天還有另一個災難在等待著他。
6. in the air“在空中的；在傳播中的；未決定的”
There’s a rumor in the air that he is going to resign.
謠傳他即將辭職。
7. keep/bear … in mind記住
Please keep these rules in mind.
請記住這些規則。
8. in harmony “和諧；和睦” in harmony with“與……協調；與……一致”
Tom and I worked together in harmony for years.
幾年來湯姆和我一起工作，和睦相處。
His tastes are in harmony with mine.
他的口味和我的一致。
9. have …in common有共同之處
They found they had a lot in common and got on well.
他們發現有許多共同之處，所以相處得很好。
10. in public公開地；公然
He is brave enough to speak in public.
他很勇敢當眾演說。
11. call in 召集；打電話
The problem is too complex. We ought to call in a specialist.
這個問題太復雜，我們應該請一位專家。
12. put … in prison把……投進監獄
The murderer has been put in prison.
殺人犯以被投進監獄。
13. in vain徒勞；白辛苦
He tried in vain to memorize the poem.
他怎么背都沒辦法把那首詩背出來。
14. in turn轉而；反過來；輪流
They sang on the stage in turn .
他們依次在臺上歌唱。
15. in terms of 就……而言
The book has been well received , but in terms of actual sales, it hasn’t been very successful.
這本書很受歡迎，但就實際銷售而言還不十分成功。
16. in the eyes of 在……看來
You are only a child in his eyes.
你在他眼里只是個孩子。
17. have a hand in參與；插手
He would like to have a hand in arranging the entertainment.
他想參與安排娛樂之事。
18. be absorbed in
When I entered, he was absorbed in his book and didn’t notice me.
當我進去時，他專心致志于書本，沒有注意到我。
19. believe in相信；信任；信仰
I believe what you said but I don’t believe in you.
我相信你說的話，但我不信任你的為人。
20. in debt負債
After the merchant’s ships were all lost at sea, he was in heavy debt.
那位商人的船在海上沉沒后，他便負債累累。
21. in conflict 有矛盾，不一致in conflict with與（某人）意見不一致
Full employment and economic viability are in conflict.
充分就業與經濟存活能力是兩件事。
22 in honor of為向……表示敬意；為慶祝……；為紀念……
There is a party tonight in honor of our new president.
為慶祝新總經理就任，今晚有個聚會。
23. in case of假使；以防
In case of fire , call 119.
倘若有火災，就打119。
24. take part in參加；參與（某事物）
The professor took no small part in the dispute.
在那爭論中，這位教授參與不少。
into
1. look into調查；觀察
The committee is looking into the cause of the accident.
委員會正在調查事故的原因。
2. come into being
We don’t know when this world came into being.
我們不知道世界何時形成。
of
1. dream of夢想；夢到
I often dreamed of becoming a doctor.
我時常夢想成為一名醫生。
2．inform sb of sth告知某人某事
She returned and informed us of their decisions.
她回來告知我們她們的決定。
3. consist of “由……組成；由……構成”
Her diet consisted mainly of bread and vegetables.
她的日常食物主要由面包和蔬菜構成。
4. make the most of充分利用；充分展示
You should try to make the most of your time.
你應盡量利用你的時間。
5. cure sb. of “治愈某人的……病；改掉某人的……惡習”
It seems that nobody can cure me of smoking.
似乎沒人能使我戒煙。
6. catch/get/have a glimpse of瞥見；一瞥
I only caught a glimpse of the parcel, so I can’t guess what was inside it.
我只是瞥見了那個包裹，所以不能猜出里面有什么。
7. all of a sudden突然地；冷不防；意外地
Life seemed, all of a sudden, empty and meaningless.
突然之間，生活似乎變得空洞起來，毫無意義。
8. remind sb. of sth.使某人想起……；提醒某人（注意）某事
What he said just now reminded me of that American professor.
他剛才所說的使我想起那位美國教授。
9. take advantage of對……加以利用
I hope that this library is fully taken advantage of.
我希望這座圖書館能被充分利用。
10. a variety of/varieties of 種類繁多的
There are a wide variety of people on the earth.
世界上有各種不同的人。
11. regardless of不理會；不顧
He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feelings.
他想到什么就說什么，毫不考慮別人的感受。
12. get/be tired of對……感到厭倦；對……失去興趣
He is tired of the same food for breakfast every morning.
他對每天早晨的同樣食物感到厭倦。
13. be aware of知道；意識到
Are you aware of the difficulty in dealing with the matter?
你知道處理這件事情的困難嗎？
14. keep track of保持聯系
He often read newspapers to keep track of current events.
他經常讀報以求熟悉時事。
15. die of指死于疾病、衰老、饑餓等， die from則指由于外傷或不注意的原因而死。
She died of old age.
她終享天年。
He died from overwork.
他操勞過度而死。
16. instead of
Instead of going to see the sight, he went to the library.
他沒有去觀光而是去了圖書館。
17. inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
I informed her mother of her safe arrival.
我通知她母親她已平安抵達。
off
1. give off釋放；放出
These wild flowers give off a nice smell.
這些野花散發出一股香味。
2. cool off (down)變涼；冷卻；冷靜
Her friendship for me has cooled off.
她對我的友情已漸冷淡。
3. take off（飛機）起飛；脫掉（衣服）；休假
A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up and down.
直升飛機可以直接起飛和降落。
on
1. impress sth.on或 sb. impress sb. with sth“使某人銘記某事”
My father impressed on me the importance of work.
父親要我銘記工作的重要性。
2.on sale“在出售，上市；特價地；廉價地”
I got this hat on sale; it was very cheap.
我是以特價買的這頂帽子，很便宜。
4. have (an) influence on/upon/over “對……有影響”
The book had a great influence on his life.
這本書對他的人生影響很大。
5. on a … basis或 on the basis of“以……為基礎”
On the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.
根據那些事實，我們可以得出以下結論。
6. on the air在廣播中；被廣播 （注意：與in the air的比較）
He will speak on the air this evening.
今晚他將在廣播中演說。
7. on the contrary正相反；反之
“You’ll get tired of it.” “On the contrary, I’ll enjoy it very much.”
“你會厭倦它的。”“正相反，我會很喜歡它的。”
8. on the way (to)即將到來；通常在句中作表語。
The new machine you ordered is on the way.
你訂購的那臺新機器即將運到。
He is on the way to becoming an officer of the company.
他即將成為該公司的領導。
9. on end直立；豎著；連續地；一連
It has been snowing for a week on end.
雪連續下了一周了。
10. have an effect on對……有影響（作用）
The medicine had a good effect on me.
那種藥對我有良好功效。
11. rely on依靠；依賴；信任
You may not rely on the weather report.
天氣預報不足為信。
12. throw light upon/on闡明某事；使某事顯得非常清楚。
The modern scientific theory has thrown light on the mystery.
現代科學理論已使這個迷明朗化。
13. insist on堅持
She insisted on going there.
她堅持要到那兒去。
14. have mercy on對……表示憐憫
He had little mercy on the prisoners.
他對囚犯毫不寬容。
15. get down on one’s knees跪下
They will never get down on their knees before the enemy.
他們決不向敵人下跪。
16. agree on決定
After a long time of discussion, the two companies agreed on the price at last.
經過長時間的討論，兩家公司最后就價格達成協議。
17. on fire著火；非常激動，充滿激情
These students are on fire for what they are learning in the computer class.
這些學生因學習計算機而情緒激動。
18. on the other hand另一方面
I can’t afford a holiday at present. On one hand, I am busy; on the other hand I’m lacking money.
我現在不能度假，一方面，我很忙；另一方面，我沒錢。
19. work on繼續工作；從事于某事
He’s working on a new novel and always works on until midnight to have it published as soon as possible.
他正在寫一本新的小說，為了盡快出版，他總是干到半夜。
20. be on a diet節食，吃限定食物
He went on a diet a week ago.
他在一周前開始節食。
21. on board
There were 500 passengers on board the plane.
有500 名旅客搭乘那架飛機。
out
1. turn out結果（是）；證明（是）
The night turned out cold and rainy.
那個晚上結果是寒冷且下雨。
2. wipe out“擦洗……的內部；去除；消滅”
He tired to wipe out the memory of his former girlfriend.
他試圖抹去對前任女友的回憶。
3. put out出版；生產；撲滅；關掉
She put out all the lights before going to bed.
她在睡覺前關掉了所有的燈。
4. work out計劃；訓練；決定；算出
We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it worked out very well.
我們沒有那樣計劃我們的藝術展覽，但展覽的結果卻很好。
5. die out滅絕
Some species died out because of pollution.
一些物種由于污染而滅絕了。
6. stand out突出；顯眼；遠遠超過某人（物）
The road sign is easy to read: the words stand out well.
路標易讀是因為字“顯眼，引人注目”。
7. pick out（精心）挑選出；（從多數中）找出，分辨出；了解，領會（意義）；（以不同的顏色）襯托，使顯眼
Although there were so many people in the hall, I could pick out my mother.
盡管禮堂里有許多人，我還是認出我母親。
over
1. run over（車輛）從……上駛過；碾過；匆匆看過一遍；復習一遍；溢出
a) The train ran over the man as he was crossing the line.
那人在過鐵路時被火車軋死了。
b) The speaker ran over his notes before the lecture.
演講人在開講前匆匆看了一遍講演稿。
c) The cup was full and the water in it was running over.
那杯子以滿，水正溢出。
through
1. live through
The sick man is not likely to live through the winter.
病人有可能活不過冬天。
throughout遍及；貫穿
He felt very tired from painting walls throughout the day.
他整天粉刷墻覺得很累。
to
1．be similar to與……相似
My opinions are similar to his.
我的看法與他的相似。
2．be/get engaged to（與某人）訂婚
My daughter is engaged to a young teacher.
我女兒與一位年輕的老師訂婚了。
3. relate…to/with把……與……聯系起來
be related to 與……有關系
I can’t relate what he does to what he says.
我無法把他做的與他說的聯系在一起。
Physics is closely related to mathematics.
物理學與數學有著密切的關系。
4. be/become/get addicted to“對……上癮；沉溺于”
He became addicted to drugs.
他染上了毒癮。
5. look up to尊敬；欽佩
Schoolboys usually look up to great athletes.
學生通常尊敬偉大的運動員。
6．A is to B what C is to D. “A對B而言正如C對D一樣。”
空氣之于人就如同水之于魚一樣重要。
7. belong to 屬于；是……的成員之一；此短語不可用進行式，也沒有被動語態形式。
Who does this bag belong to?
這個提包是誰的？
8. contribute to “為……作貢獻；有助于……；向……投稿”
The fine weather contributed to the success of the voyage.
9. next to 幾乎；常用于否定詞之前。
I knew next to nothing about electricity.
對電我幾乎是一無所知。
10. to the full/fullest充分地；盡情地；非常
We appreciated to the full our teacher’s help.
我們非常感謝老師的幫助。
11. witness to“為……作證；出庭證明；證實；說明”
Many people witnessed to the events of that evening.
很多人作證，證明那天傍晚發生的事件。
12. attend to“處理；專心于；注意”
I have an urgent matter to attend to.
我有件急事要處理。
13. have access to接近；進入
Every student has free access to the library.
每位學生都可以自由利用該圖書館。
14. put an end to結束；制止
We should put an end to the war.
我們應該結束這場戰爭。
15. lead to導致；招致
His scandal led to his resignation.
他的丑聞導致他辭職。
16. come to life恢復生氣；活躍起來
When the teacher told the students they would have three days’ vacation, they came to life at once.
當老師告訴學生們他們要有三天假時，學生們頓時興致勃勃起來。
17. set an example to為……樹立榜樣
Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us and we should learn from him.
雷鋒同志為我們樹立了好榜樣，我們應該向他學習。
18. get used to適應于……；習慣于……
My granny used to live in the country by herself, but now she has got used to living together with us in the city.
我奶奶過去一個人住在農村，但她現在已習慣于與我們一塊住在城里。
19. tend to朝某方向；趨于
He tends to get angry when people oppose to his plan.
別人反對他的意見時，他很容易生氣。
20. date back to追溯到；始于
The castle dates back to the 14th century.
這個城堡可追溯到十四世紀。
21. object to反對；討厭
He objected to being treated like a child.
他討厭被當成小孩子看待。
22. according to根據
Our English teacher asks us to guess the meanings of the unknown words according to the context.
我們的英語老師要求我們根據上下文猜測不認識的詞。
23. adjust to適應
He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and lived happily ever since.
他很快適應了這種生活方式，從此快樂地生活。
24. draw attention to吸引某人的注意力
The children’s attention was suddenly drawn to the passer-by who had a funny hat on and wore strange clothes.
孩子們的注意力突然被吸引到過路人身上，他戴著滑稽的帽子，穿著奇怪的衣服。
25. open a /the door to/for為……創造條件，給……開門，給……以方便
Learning to read and write opens the door to better living conditions.
學會讀寫為擁有較好的生活條件創造了條件。
up
1. cheer up（使）感到振奮；（使）感到高興
They all cheered up at the news.
聽到那個消息，他們歡欣鼓舞。
2. cut up切碎；剪碎
Cut up vegetables into small pieces.
把蔬菜切碎。
3. tear up撕毀；取消（合同等）
He was very angry and tore up the agreement.
他很生氣，撕毀了合同。
4. dig up挖出；掘起
He dug up old coins.
他掘到古老的錢幣。
5. use up用完；用盡；（用于被動語態）筋疲力盡
He used up all his money.
他花光了所有的錢。
The soldiers were used up after the long battle.
士兵們在經過漫長的戰斗后已筋疲力盡。
6. take up arms拿起武器
The whole nation took up arms to defend their country, although the enemy were armed to the teeth.
全國人民拿起武器保衛國家，盡管敵人武裝到牙齒。
7. go up上升；增長；攀登
With the prices of everyday goods going up, he can hardly support his family now.
隨著日常商品價格的上升，他幾乎不能供養他的家庭了。
8. call up召喚；使人想起；調動；提出；打電話
The music calls up the happy days which they spent together in their youth.
音樂使他們想起青年時代一起度過的快樂日子。
9. light up
A smile lit up her face.
她一笑表情為之開朗。
with
1. arm oneself with …“裝備……；以……為武器”
be armed ( with)“武裝起來；有武器”
The crowd armed themselves with sticks and stones.
那些群眾以棍棒和石頭當武器。
The warship is armed with nuclear weapons.
那艘戰艦有核武器。
2. deal with 1）與……相處 2）對待，對付3）處理4）論述
a) I found her quite hard to deal with.
我發現她很難相處。
b) What’s the best way of dealing with naughty children?
對付頑皮孩子的最佳方式是什么？
c) How shall we deal with this problem?
我們將怎樣處理這一問題？
d) Tom’s new book deals with the troubles in Ireland.
湯姆的新書論述了愛爾蘭的煩惱。
3. be infected with感染上；感化，影響
When he was in prison, he was infected with all sorts of antisocial ideas.
當他在監獄時，受到了各種各樣反社會思想的影響。
4. come up with想出；產生；發現
Dennis can always come up with a new idea for increasing sales.
丹尼斯總能想出新的主意，增加銷售。
5. keep in touch with與……保持聯系
We keep in touch with each other by writing letters.
我們通過寫信保持聯系。
6. link up with=connect with與……相連接
There the irrigation canal links up with the reservoir which is very important to the villagers.
這條灌溉渠道在那兒與水庫連接起來，水庫對村民們很重要。
7. fill up with用……裝滿
I filled the room up with furniture.
我把家具裝滿了房間。
8. end (up) with以……結束，以……為下場
At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.
在宴會上，開始的一道菜通常是湯，最后的一道菜是水果。
within “在……以內”
1．You have to finish the work within an hour.
你必須在一小時內完成工作。