教學(xué)目的和要求
（Teaching aims and demands）
類(lèi)別
課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目
話(huà)題
1. Talk about ways to protect the environment
2. Talk about wildlife endangerment
3. Talk about causes and effects
功能
原因和結(jié)果(Causes and effects)
Why…? Because/As/Since…
Because of…, I… If…, then…
As a result of… It follows that…
It will use… It will lead to…
詞匯
fur Tibetan lead jungle wolf giraffe environmental tour act measure original battery devote common valuable reduce respond amount package packaging harmful flat material poster attractive topic organize brief
in danger die out as a result of lead to take measures adapt to make a difference devote…to at present set free in the wild throw away
語(yǔ)法
Review Direct and Indirect Speech
1. Reporting statements
“I am writing an article about animals in zoos,” the reporter said.
→The reporter said that he was writing an article about animals in zoos.
2. Reporting yes-no questions
“Do you like living in the zoo?” the reporter asked the kangaroo.
→The reporter asked the kangaroo if he liked living in the zoo.
3. Reporting wh-questions
“How long have you lived in the zoo?” the reporter asked the hippo.
→The reporter asked the hippo how long he had lived in the zoo.
4. Reporting commands and requests
“Please tell me more about the advantages and disadvantages of living in the zoo,”the reporter said to the giraffe.
→The reporter asked the giraffe to tell him more about the advantages and disadvantages of living in the zoo.
5.Reporting general truth
“Human survival is dependent on the natural world,” he said.
→He said that human survival is dependent on the natural world.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
第一部分
重點(diǎn)1 ☆☆☆
When farmers cut down trees,tigers can no longer hide and hunt.
農(nóng)民把樹(shù)砍一，老虎再也無(wú)法躲藏和覓食了。
（1）cut down 砍倒、砍伐
people cut down a lot of trees for firewood.
人們砍伐很多樹(shù)木來(lái)作柴火燒。
（2）no longer不再，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。
He no longer lives here.=He doesn’t live gere any longer.
重點(diǎn)2 ☆☆
Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur and use their bones for medicine.
很多老虎被那些想賣(mài)虎皮和用虎骨做藥(來(lái)賺錢(qián))的人所捕殺。
Use …for …利用……來(lái)做…,也可用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be used for……
We use gas a lot for cooking.
Gas is used a lot for cooking.煤氣被大量用來(lái)做飯。
重點(diǎn)3 ☆☆☆
Why is it important to make sure that animals do not die out?
為什么確保動(dòng)物不滅絕很重要？
（1）make sure 查明；務(wù)必使得、確保，保證使……
please make sure that he is here with his camera.
他來(lái)的時(shí)候請(qǐng)他一定把攝像也帶來(lái)。
（2）die out 滅絕、死絕
Many of the earth’s piants and animals have already died out.
地球上很多種動(dòng)植物已經(jīng)絕跡。
重點(diǎn)4 ☆
A reporter is going to interview some animals.
一位記者打算去采訪一些動(dòng)物。
Interview vt.采訪(某人)
A reporter from the “Washington Post”inter viewed the president.
一位《華盛頓郵拍報(bào)》的記者采訪了總統(tǒng)。
重點(diǎn)5 ☆☆
Student A will act as the reporter and student B will act as the animal.
學(xué)生A 將扮演記者，學(xué)生B 扮演動(dòng)物。
Act as 扮演Who will act as the king in the play?
劇中的國(guó)王將由誰(shuí)來(lái)扮演?
在線課堂
（1）cut down 還可作“減少，降低”講。
e.g. You should cut down your expenses.
他們應(yīng)該減少開(kāi)支。
You should cut the story down one third.
你應(yīng)把這篇故事壓縮三分之一。
（2）no longer的同義詞為no more.
e.g. He no more cared what his friends thought about him.
=He did not care any more what his friend thought about him.
他不再在意他的朋友怎樣看他。
No longer 與 no more 的區(qū)別：
No longer 側(cè)重指時(shí)間方面，而no more 側(cè)重量、次數(shù)方面。
He is no longe a handsome Lake for holiday.
我不再去西湖度假了。
要點(diǎn)記億
1．☆☆☆ cut down 除了“砍倒、砍伐”之意外，還可作“降低、減少”講。
1． ☆☆☆ no longer/not ……any longer側(cè)重指時(shí)間上不再延續(xù)； no more/not ……any more側(cè)重指數(shù)量或程度上不再增加。
2． ☆☆☆ make sure 可作“查明、弄清”或“確保、務(wù)必”，有三種用法：接that 從句，接of 介詞短語(yǔ)或單獨(dú)使用。
3． ☆☆☆ die out 滅絕、死光；完全消失、廢除。以及與動(dòng)詞die和副詞out 相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)。
4． ☆☆☆ 動(dòng)詞use 作“使用”時(shí)，其常見(jiàn)用法有三種：use ……for ……,use ……as ……,use ……to do sth.。
☆☆☆ act as 扮演；充當(dāng)、擔(dān)任。Work as 干 ……工作，擔(dān)任。Serve as 干 ……工作，充當(dāng)、擔(dān)任。
第二部分
重點(diǎn)1 ☆☆☆
Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals from becoming endangered.
Steve Jones 是一位設(shè)法保護(hù)動(dòng)物不受危害的環(huán)境方面的專(zhuān)家。
Keep ……from doing sth.阻止 …做某事
Urgent business kept me from attending the party.
因有要事，我沒(méi)能參加聚會(huì)。
重點(diǎn)2 ☆☆☆
We are not along in the world.我們?nèi)祟?lèi)不是單獨(dú)存在于世界上的。
Alone adj.單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，只作表語(yǔ)；不作定語(yǔ)。
I was all alone in the house.房子里只有我孤零零一個(gè)人。
重點(diǎn)3 ☆☆☆
We often talk about how important it is to take good care of ourselves and our planet ,but we don’t always do as we say.
我們經(jīng)常談?wù)摫Ｗo(hù)我們?nèi)祟?lèi)和地球是如何如何重要，但我們并不總是按我們所說(shuō)的那樣來(lái)做。
As conj.像……那樣，如同，連接方式狀語(yǔ)從句。
重點(diǎn)4 ☆☆☆
They are all used to their environment.它們都已習(xí)慣了自己的生存環(huán)境。
Be /get used to ……習(xí)慣于
…….后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。
Davld has lived in China for years and is used to Chinese food.戴維在中國(guó)生活了好幾年，已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了中國(guó)食品。
重點(diǎn)5 ☆☆
The animal or plant has to either adapt to the charge or find a new home.
動(dòng)植物必須要么適應(yīng)這種變化，要么就找一個(gè)新家。
Adapt to ……適應(yīng)，后接名詞或代詞。
重點(diǎn)6 ☆☆
Fist of all ,we need to learn more about animals,plants and the environment.首先，我們有必要對(duì)動(dòng)物、植物和環(huán)境作更多的了解。
First of all 首先、第一，用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。
重點(diǎn)7 ☆☆☆
Even small things can make a big difference.
即使做些小事也很要緊。
Make a difference有差別、在關(guān)系，要緊
A year or two will make a great difference to us.
一年還是兩年對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)有很大的差別。
在線課堂
與keep ……from doing sth.意義相同的短語(yǔ)還有：stop/prevent…from doing sth.。在用法上有所不同的是用動(dòng)詞stop 或prevent可以省掉from ,但如果用keep 則不能省掉from.因?yàn)槭〉鬴rom 后，keep ……doing sth.的意義為“使……一直……”。
e.g. You must stop the children (from) getting close to the crazy man.
你得阻止那些孩子靠近那個(gè)瘋子。
What can we do to prevent such things(from)happening again?
我們可以做些什么事來(lái)防止這類(lèi)事情再發(fā)生呢？
Why do you always keep your lights burning all night long even when you are not in your room?
為什么你即使不在房間時(shí)，也總還是讓燈徹夜亮著呢？
要點(diǎn)記憶
1．☆☆☆ keep/stop/prevent sb.from doing sth.都可表示“某人做某事”。用stop 或 prevent 時(shí) from 可以省去，但用keep 就不能省，如果省掉，就變成“使某人一直做某事”的意思。
2．☆☆☆ alone 與lonely 的區(qū)別：alone 可作形容詞或副詞，lonely只能作形容詞；作形容詞用時(shí)，alone 只作表語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)，而lonely 既作表語(yǔ)，又作定語(yǔ)，又作定語(yǔ)；alone 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀事實(shí)，lonely側(cè)重指人的主觀感受。
3．☆☆☆ as 作連詞用，當(dāng)“像……那樣，如同”講時(shí)，可連接方式狀語(yǔ)從句或比較狀語(yǔ)從句。
4．☆☆☆ used 的三種形式：used to do 過(guò)去常常做某事，be /get used to (doing)sth .習(xí)慣(做)某事，be used to do sth.被 有來(lái)做某事。
5．☆☆☆ make a difference 有差別、有關(guān)系、要緊，以及其他的變化形式make some /little/no /a great /a great deal of difference.
1.☆☆ adapt(…)to ……(使)適應(yīng)……習(xí)慣………，adapt還可作“改編，改寫(xiě)”講。
☆☆ first of all 首先、第一，用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。以及相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)above all ,at first,firstly 的意義和用法。
第三部分
重點(diǎn)1 ☆☆☆
Professor Stevenson,who has devoted himself to protecting the miludeer,gave a talk to Chinese college students in Beijing.一直致力于保護(hù)麋工作的斯蒂芬遜教授給北京的中國(guó)大學(xué)生作了一個(gè)報(bào)告。
（1）devote oneself to …“專(zhuān)心于、獻(xiàn)身于、致力于……”to 是介詞，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。
（2）give a talk (to sb.)(給某人)作報(bào)告、作演講。=give (sb.)a talk.
She will give us a talk on Mozart.她將給我們作一個(gè)在關(guān)莫扎特的演講。
重點(diǎn)2 ☆☆☆
The milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago.
很久以前麋在中國(guó)是很常見(jiàn)的。
Common. Adj .常見(jiàn)的、平常的、普遍的
Snow is common in cold countries.
在寒冷的國(guó)家，下雪是常見(jiàn)的事。
It’s now quite common for women to wear short hair.
現(xiàn)在婦女留短頭是很平常的事。
重點(diǎn)3 ☆☆☆
He told the students that he hopes that more people would care about the milu deer.
他告訴學(xué)生說(shuō)他希望更多的人會(huì)來(lái)關(guān)心麋鹿。
Care(about)關(guān)心、在乎、介意
重點(diǎn)4 ☆
He hoped that one day these milu deer would be set free and live in the wild again.他希望有一天這些麋鹿會(huì)被釋放出來(lái)，重新生活在野外。
（1）set…free 將……釋放，使…自由
The prisoners were set free after liberation.解放后，這些囚犯都被釋放了。
（2）in the wild 在野外，處于野生狀態(tài)。
Are the animals live in the zoo or in the wild?
這些動(dòng)物是生活在動(dòng)物園呢還是在野外？
重點(diǎn)6 ☆☆
If we reuse something,it will not end up as waste.
如果我們重新利用回收的東西的話(huà)，那么它就不是廢品了。
End up as ……作為……而結(jié)束，以……告終
He ended up as head of the firm.他最后成了公司的主管人。
在線課堂
（1）devote除了接反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)外，也可接one’s life ,time等詞作賓語(yǔ)。
e.g. He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.
他為幫助殘疾人而獻(xiàn)出了一生。
I think it’s no use devoting any more time to this question.
我認(rèn)為在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上花更多的時(shí)間是沒(méi)用的。
Devote 還常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即be devoted to ……,意義上與devote oneself to 相同。
e.g. As a traditional woman,she is devoted to her family and children.
作為一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的女性，她把全部心血都傾注在家族和孩子身上了。
Devoted 可用作形容詞，意思為“忠實(shí)的”、“熱愛(ài)的”�！皩�(zhuān)心的”，“專(zhuān)用于……的 ”
e.g. The dog is very devoted to its master.這狗對(duì)它的主人非常忠實(shí)。
（2）與give a talk 相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)還有：give a lecture 作講座、演講。
Make a speech 發(fā)表演說(shuō)、演講、發(fā)言。
e.g. Every student made/gave a speech in class.班上每個(gè)同學(xué)都發(fā)了言。
Professor Wang from Beijing University will give us a lecture this Friday afternoon.北京大學(xué)的王教授將于本周王下午給我們作講座。
要點(diǎn)記憶
1．☆☆☆ devote oneself to ……獻(xiàn)身于……，專(zhuān)心于……,致力于……
devote one’s life/time/energy to ……把奉獻(xiàn)在……上，也可用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)be devoted to …….注意：這里的“to”都是介詞，后面只能接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
2．☆☆☆ common,usual,ordinary,normal 四個(gè)形容詞各自所側(cè)重：common 側(cè)重于常見(jiàn)、有共性，usual側(cè)重指慣常，ordinary 側(cè)重平，平凡、普遍，normal側(cè)重指正常。
3．☆☆☆ 關(guān)于動(dòng)詞care 的短語(yǔ)：care about 關(guān)心，在意；擔(dān)心，care for 喜歡，想要；照料、看護(hù)，take care of 照料。另外，care作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，后接賓語(yǔ)從句。
4．☆☆ 關(guān)于learn 的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：learn from …向……學(xué)習(xí)，learn…by oneself,自學(xué)……,learn …by heart 背誦、背記，learn of/about /that clause 聽(tīng)說(shuō)，獲悉。
5．☆☆ end up 作“結(jié)束、告終”解時(shí)，常與介詞as ,with 或in 連用。
6．☆ set ……free 釋放，使……獲得自由。以及set 接形容詞或介詞作賓補(bǔ)的用法。
7．☆ in the wild 在野外。In the air 在空中；未定的，in the open ari 在露天。