Unit 3 Australia

Lesson 9

I. New Words Presentations

Guess the words according to the definitions:

1. a place where people live in tents or stay in tents on holiday ---- camp

stay or live somewhere for a short time in a tent or a caravan (房車) ---- camp

2. the grey or black powdery substance that is left after a fire has been burning ---- ash

a small dish in which people who smoke put the ash from their cigarettes and

cigars --- ashtray

3. dust, mud, or the earth on the ground ---- dirt

4. a low stretch of land between hills, especially one that has a river flowing through it ----

valley

5. a large hole in the side of a cliff or hill, or under the ground ---- cave

6. a feeling you have of wanting or needing to drink something ---- thirst, thirsty

7. Someone who is __________ has sore (痛的) red skin because they have spent too much

time in hot sunshine.

8. on the other side or outside ---- beyond

II. Learn the dialogue

A. Pre-listening questions:

1) How did they go camping?

By car.

2) Where do they decide to make their camp?

In the bush, near a river and some trees.

B. While-reading activity: Pick up sentences which have similar meanings to the following:

1. Perhaps you can set a fire. ---- You may start a fire.

2. I didn’t realize it until you told me. ---- I wasn’t thinking.

3. We are lucky enough to have missed the kangaroo. ---- Missed it!

4. It will provide us with some shade. ---- it’ll give us some shade.

5. I am sure if there are some snakes. ---- There might be snakes.

6. I advise you not to go inside. ---- You’d better not go inside.

7. Be careful! ---- Look out! / Take care.

C. Everyday English: giving advice and reason

Finish Part 2 on page 13. The right answers are:

Make sure you put out the fire properly. You might start a bush fire.

Don’t walk around without a sun hat. You’ll get sunburnt.

Close the farm gates behind you, otherwise the animals will escape.

Don’t drive past cars that have stopped in the bush without stopping. They might need help.

Don’t drive into the bush without plenty of water. You can easily die of thirst.

Pour water on the ashes. Then you’ll be sure the fire is out.

D. Language Points:

1. go + v.-ing

go camping / sailing / swimming / shopping / riding on a horse / boating / climbing, etc

2. fix up 安裝，裝置，搭起

They are busy fixing up the lights for the party.

fix up 提供，安排

Can you fix me up with a single room.

3. beyond

The road continues beyond the village up into the hills. (在……的一邊，越過(guò))

After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond recognition. (超出，超越)

She carried on teaching well beyond retirement age. (超過(guò)，遲于)

He’s got nothing beyond his piles of books. (除……外；除了)

4. die of thirst = die from thirst

IV. Listening Practice

A. Explaining: bush fire – an uncontrolled fire that burns large areas of the countryside

B. Listen and finish all the exercises on page 267.

V. Homework

1. Workbook, page 153, Exx 2,3.

2. Preview the text in Lesson 10 and Lesson 11. Finish Workbook, page 154, Exx 1,2; page 155,

Exx 1, 2.

Lesson 10 ---- Lesson 11

I. New Word Presentation

A. Guess the words according to the definitions:

1. a strong feeling of confidence, trust, and optimism (樂(lè)觀) ---- faith

2. an amount stated as if it is part of whole which is 100, a share of profits ---- percentage

3. the adjective of spirit ---- spiritual

4. someone who is older than others, especially when they are quite a lot older ---- elder

B. Fill in the blanks with the new words:

1. The nuclear waste was buried deep u__________. (underground)

2. The new machines will work twice as fast, t__________ greatly reducing costs. (thus)

3. “But why on earth did you agree?” he asked c__________. (curiously)

4. Thousands of people could s__________ if the crops fail again. (starve)

5. You need some s__________ in your study if you want to succeed. (system)

II. Learn the text

A. Collect information on Australia.

Kangaroo, Sydney Opera House, Ayers Rock, the longest coral bed (Great Barrie Reef), etc.

B. Check the homework

C. Language Points:

1. hand down 傳下， 面交， 扶持

… and knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.

他們的知識(shí)、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣以及他們所懷念的事情都是由他們種族的長(zhǎng)輩傳下來(lái)的。

* It has been handed down by generations of peasants.

其它與hand搭配的詞語(yǔ)有：hand in (to sb.) (上交；交進(jìn))

hand on (傳下去)

hand over (移交；讓與)

hand back (交還；歸還)

hand out (分發(fā)；施舍)

hand sb. into the car / out of the car (扶某人上車/下車)

Hands up! (舉起手來(lái)！)

Hands off! (不許碰！)

* In July he handed in the finished version of the novel to the publishers.

* When all guests are present, hand out the books.

* Property is something handed on from generation to generation.

* He handed back his room key to the receptionist.

* He is about to hand over large sums of money to his local hospital.

2. be intended for sb. / sth. 為……計(jì)劃/設(shè)計(jì)

Education was intended for white settlers only. 教育只是為百人移民而設(shè)立的。

* This dictionary is intended for the Chinese learners. (這本字典是專為中國(guó)學(xué)者編的。)

be intended to do sth. 打算做……

* You weren’t intended to hear what he had said. (你按說(shuō)不應(yīng)該聽(tīng)他說(shuō)的話。)

intend sb. to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事

* It was meant to be a surprise; I didn’t intend you to see it so soon.

(這本來(lái)是要成為一件意外的京戲，我本沒(méi)有想讓你那么早就看到的。)

intend to do sth.

* I don’t intend to listen to this rubbish any longer. (我再也不想聽(tīng)這種無(wú)稽之談了。)

intend that-clause 意欲；打算；有意

* They intend that the plan should be put in to practice without delay.

3. be / become experienced at / in sth. / doing sth.

They became experienced at finding underground springs.

他們對(duì)尋找地下泉水逐漸有了經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

* You should learn from the old worker. He is very experienced at repairing cars.

* The boss found that the newcomer was quite experienced in this kind of work.

* Some teachers are very experienced at teaching the senior.

4. keep out (sth. / sb.) 不使入內(nèi)

The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type of wild dog called “dingo”.

這個(gè)柵欄是用來(lái)阻止一種叫“dingo”的野狗進(jìn)來(lái)。

* Danger! Keep out!

* They close all the windows to keep out the cold.

keep out of … 使……不進(jìn)入

* This notice should keep unwanted visitors out of the building.

keep off 避開(kāi)，防止，擋住

* We had to think of a way to keep off the rain.

* Keep your hands off my dress.

Practice:

keep off = say nothing about …, keep off = not come near, cause to stay at a distance

keep out = remain outside, not let enter

1. They have shut the door and mean to __________ us __________. (keep … out)

2. The doctor ordered the woman to __________ all solid food for at least twenty-four hours.

(keep off)

3. They made a big fire to __________ wild animals __________. (keep … off)

4. I hope you’ll __________ trouble while I’m away. (keep out)

5. These curtains are meant to __________ mosquitoes (蚊子). (keep out)

5. rather than = instead of

Education was intended for white settlers only, and until very recently no school lessons were

held in languages rather than English.

教育只是為白人殖民者而辦，而且直到最近以前，還沒(méi)有一所學(xué)校使用英語(yǔ)以外的語(yǔ)言

進(jìn)行教學(xué)。

rather than是并列連詞，連接的兩個(gè)部分必須對(duì)等，即前后語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)要對(duì)等，動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞要對(duì)等，名詞與名詞要對(duì)等，形容詞與形容詞要對(duì)等，前后非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要對(duì)等，甚至介詞前后也要對(duì)等。

* You rather than I are wrong. (名詞/代詞對(duì)等)

* He refused rather than accepted my offer of help. (動(dòng)詞對(duì)等)

* I’ll go there today rather than tomorrow. (副詞對(duì)等)

* I found him stupid rather than clever. (形容詞對(duì)等)

* He went there on foot rather than by bike. (介詞對(duì)等)

* He preferred to die rather than give in. (不定式對(duì)等)

* She enjoys singing rather than dancing. (動(dòng)名詞對(duì)等)

* We should help him rather than he should help us. (從句對(duì)等)

6. depend

The climate is different depending on the area. 氣候隨地區(qū)的不同而有別。

depend (on) + wh-clause / how-clause= to vary according to…; be decided by …

視……而定，取決于……

* How much is produced depends (on) how hard we work.

* You can buy them in all sizes-it depends (on) how much you’re prepared to spend.

depend on / upon sb. / sth = to trust, be up to, have confidence in 相信，信賴，憑靠

* Most kids under 18 depend on their parents for food and clothing.

* We’re depending on you to finish (finishing) the job by Friday.

* The price of the shares will depend on the number of people who want to buy them.

7. get rid of sth. / sb. 擺脫，去掉

People still wave their hands in front of their faces, in order to get rid of flies.

人們?nèi)匀辉谀樓皳]手趕蒼蠅。

* I can’t get rid of the cold.

* How to get rid of the mice in the house remains a problem.

get rid of, get away with (逃避懲罰), get out of (避免，躲避（該做的事），放棄，戒除（習(xí)慣、常規(guī)）)

* We have to __________ mud and dirt on the road. (get rid of)

* Don’t think you can __________ telling lies. (get away with)

* I wish I could __________ going to that meeting. (get out of)

* Smoking is a habit she can’t __________. (get out of / get rid of)

8. One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.

feed on, feed … to, feed … with / feed … on

feed on “以... …為主食”，主語(yǔ)多指動(dòng)物，賓語(yǔ)多是食物。

feed … to… “用某物喂某人或動(dòng)物”，feed的后面接表示食物的名詞，而to的后面則接表示喂養(yǎng)對(duì)象的詞語(yǔ)。

feed … with / feed … on “用某物喂某人或動(dòng)物”。feed的后面接表示喂養(yǎng)對(duì)象的詞語(yǔ)，

with的后面接表示食物的詞語(yǔ)。

* Cows feed on grass.

* She feeds meat to her dog and milk to her cat.

* The farmer feeds these chickens with corns. = The farmer feeds these chickens on corns.

9. In area it is about the same size as the USA (without Alaska), which has more than thirteen

times as many people.

從面積上講，它大體上相當(dāng)于美國(guó)（阿拉斯加除外），而美國(guó)的人口卻是澳大利亞的13

倍還多。

倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：A + be + … times + as adj. / adv. as + B. “A是B的幾倍。”

* Their room is three times as big as ours. But the number of people in our room is twice

as many as in their room.

* She studies once as long as I do every day.

分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法：one half / a half / half,

a quarter

one third

five ninths

當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)修飾的主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)修飾的主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)

名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

More than two thirds of the earth’s surface is covered by water.

Almost four fifths of the students in my class are from Beijing.