Unit 18

Useful expressions

1. by accident (=by chance) 偶然, 無意中

I met Jacob by accident in the cinema. 我偶然在電影院遇到了雅各布。I got the right answer to the question by accident.

2. in common 共同的

We are good friends because we have many things in common. In common with many people, he prefers classical music to pop. They are brothers, but they have nothing in common. in common 還可以作“共有”，“公有”解。

Real friends should have everything in common.真正的朋友應(yīng)該不分彼此。Mr. And Mrs. Smith own the store in common.

3. get in touch with sb. 與某人取得聯(lián)系

He got in touch his friends by telephone yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作) Do keep in touch with each other. 務(wù)必保持相互之間的聯(lián)系(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))。lose touch with/be out of touch with與……失去聯(lián)系

4. on one’s own 通過自己的努力

She got the job on her own. 她自己找到了這份工作。I can finish the work on my own. They offer to fetch some water for us on their own. 他們主動(dòng)提出幫我們提水。of one’s own 屬于某人自己的: He has a house of his own.

5. turn up 到達(dá)；出現(xiàn)

Something unexpected has turned up. I wonder when they will turn up. turn up 還有“旋大”；“開大”的意思， 如turn up the radio/TV

Sentence patterns

She had gone through just a few carriages before she found herself at the front of the train. 連詞before在句中作“（不多久）就”解。例如：

I hadn’t waited long before he came. 我沒等多久他就來了。They had talked only a few minutes before they found they were quite different in opinion. 注意before 從句含有否定的意思：The bell rang before I could finish my paper. 我試卷還沒完成鈴就響了。

Language tips

1. I only laid the table. 此處 lay 意思為“放置、擺放”，如: Tell him to lay the table for supper. 告訴他擺桌子吃飯。lay 還表示“下蛋、產(chǎn)卵”，如: A black hen lays a white eggs. 黑雞照樣下白蛋。(諺語)

2. How did you find the fish, Madam? 你覺得魚的味道怎么樣，女士？

這是一個(gè)征求意見的用語，相當(dāng)于“how do you like...?” "what do you think of ...?” 如: - How did you find the food? - Very delicious. I enjoyed it very much. 你覺得飯菜如何？好吃極了，我很愛吃。

3. After they had eaten their lunch, Hank lit a cigar and got up.

light 作動(dòng)詞有兩種意思：1)點(diǎn)火；生火；點(diǎn)燃，它的過去式是lit: He struck a match and lit the lamp. 他擦著一根火柴把燈點(diǎn)著。2)照亮；照明: He carried a burning stick to light the way. 他拿個(gè)火把照路。The fire lit up her face. 爐火照亮了她的臉。注意:當(dāng)light用做被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，它的過去式形式一般用lighted。如: This room is lighted by electricity. 這個(gè)房間用電照明。但 a brightly-lit room

4. Soon he got talking to another person who happened to be American too. 沒多久他跟另外一個(gè)人攀談起來，這個(gè)人碰巧也是美國(guó)人。

注意get doing: What are we all waiting for? Let's get moving! 動(dòng)詞happen + 不定式表示“碰巧”: Do you happen to know his new telephone number? 你可知道他的新電話號(hào)碼? I happened to be in the market yesterday when a fire started. 昨天發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)，我正好在市場(chǎng)上。

5. He had gone through six carriages when he found he could go no further. 他走過了六節(jié)車廂，這時(shí)他發(fā)現(xiàn)再也走不過去了。

掌握further的用法: He was too tired to walk any further. 他太累而無法走更遠(yuǎn)。I have nothing further to say. 我沒有別的話要說了。You will get further information. 你會(huì)得到更詳盡的消息。

6. At that moment he remembered that all the tickets, passports and traveller's cheques were in his jacket that he had left hanging next to his seat.

從句that he had left hanging next to his seat是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞jacket。關(guān)系代詞that在從句中用作賓語，hanging用作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：She left the girl standing outside. 她讓女孩留下站在外邊。When we enter her room, we saw her clothes that she had left lying around.

7. They knew, or rather thought that their father was on the same train. 他們知道，或者說他們認(rèn)為他們的父親還在同一列車上。

or rather"譯作“或者”。當(dāng)我們想要糾正自己已經(jīng)說過的話，或欲使說過的話更確切，常使用這一表達(dá)方式: He is a writer, or rather he is a novelist. 他是個(gè)作家，或者更確切地說是一個(gè)小說家。He went home very late last night, or rather, in the early hours this morning. 他是昨天深夜回家的, 或者更確切地說, 是今天凌晨。

8. At about three o’clock Tina said, “I’m going to see what Dad is up to …” 大約三點(diǎn)鐘的時(shí)候，蒂娜說，"我去看看爸爸在干什么…”

短語動(dòng)詞be up to 作“在干（某事）”(to do something)解，有時(shí)含有“密謀干壞事”的意思。例如：What in the world are you up to? 你到底在搞什么鬼？ Go and see what those girls are up to. Don’t trust him; he is up to his old tricks. 他又搞起他那些老把戲來了。

另外，up to 還可以表示“應(yīng)由某人負(fù)責(zé)”，“是某人的職責(zé)”，常用于句型:It is/was up to sb. to do something 如：It’s up to you to decide whether to take the job or not. It’s up to us to give them all the help we can.

9. You are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you. 你們?nèi)ヂ灭^，房間已經(jīng)給你們訂好了。

you are to go … 中包含了一個(gè)be to do的結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)常常表示計(jì)劃或安排做某事，相當(dāng)于be going to… 如：The train for Beijing is to start at 9:00. 去北京的火車9點(diǎn)開。當(dāng)主語為第二人稱時(shí)，常表示轉(zhuǎn)述他人的指示、要求。如：Your mother says you are to wait till he comes back. 你媽媽說讓你一直等他回來。當(dāng)這種結(jié)構(gòu)用于第三人稱時(shí)，表示命令或指示. 如：The door is to be closed. 門要關(guān)牢。

10. The hotel paid the taxi driver and put the charge on their hotel bill. 飯店給出租司機(jī)付了車費(fèi)，并把這筆錢記在飯店的帳單上。

charge在這里是“費(fèi)用”、“價(jià)錢”的意思。What's the charge for a room? 一個(gè)房間收費(fèi)多少？a charge for the use of the telephone 使用電話的費(fèi)用 The charge for a front-row seat is $3. 前排座位票價(jià)每張三美元。free of charge 免費(fèi) charge也可作動(dòng)詞：charge two dollars for repairing the bike 修自行車索價(jià)兩美元 The fruit seller charged me too much money. 這個(gè)水果商要了我很多的錢。

11. I heard about the job through a friend who works in the same company.

hear about的意思是“聽到；聽說”，如：I have never heard about him. 我從來沒聽人說起過他。I've heard a lot about it. 這事我聽人談了很多。

12. I was still so angry I was determined to tell him what I thought of him. 我仍然滿腔怒火，便決定把我對(duì)他的看法告訴他。

掌握determine決定、決心：Demand determines production. 需求決定生產(chǎn)。His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more. 他的勸告使我決定不再抽煙喝酒了。常用be determined to do: I am determined to do better than Mike. 我決心比邁克做得更好。

13. Fortunately, I was in time for the interview.

注意in time for sth/ to do sth: Do you think we can get there in time for the train? The doctor came in time to save her life.

14. The interview went well. 面試進(jìn)行得很順利。

進(jìn)展；進(jìn)行: The hours went slowly. 時(shí)間過得很慢。The party went well. Everything's going fine at the moment.

15. I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me for having been so rude.

be angry with somebody for doing something 意思是“因某人做了某事而生氣。”如: She was angry with herself for having made so many mistakes in the English paper. 她為自己英語試卷做錯(cuò)太多而氣惱。

16. 掌握幾個(gè)單詞的用法：

(1) permit允許；許可v. Will you permit me to leave now? The law does not permit smoking in the hospital. Time permitting, we'll pay a visit to the park. 許可；執(zhí)照 n. You won't get into the building without a permit. All permits should be shown to the guard at the gate.

(2) charge要求收費(fèi)；索價(jià) v. How much do you charge for a haircut? We don't charge (you) anything for that. 費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢 n. What's the charge for a double room?

(3) absence不在；缺席Please take care of my house during my absence. I didn't notice his absence from school. 缺乏Cold is the absence of heat. 形容詞是absent 缺席的: Three students are absent from school because they are sick.

(4) track足跡The dog followed the fox's tracks into the woods. He's escaped from prison, but the police are on his track. 徑賽Carl Lewis is a famous track star. 軌道These new weather satellites can follow the track of storms.

(5) book訂；預(yù)訂 v. He booked three seats on the plane. The hall was booked for another meeting.

Language record

In this unit I have learned to say in English:

Useful Expressions:

1．?dāng)[桌子 2．笑話大全

3．有雙關(guān)語 4．有許多共同之處

5．給出租車司機(jī)付了車費(fèi) 6．為……而擔(dān)憂，焦慮

7．互相取得聯(lián)系 8．在交通的高峰時(shí)間

9．把兩個(gè)騎自行車的人撞倒 10．進(jìn)展順利

11．出現(xiàn) 12．獨(dú)立地

Sentences:

1．你覺得這魚怎么樣？

2．我去看看爸爸在干什么。

3．兩小時(shí)喝杯咖啡，時(shí)間是夠長(zhǎng)的了。

4．飯店把這筆錢記在他們的飯店帳單上。

5．他把夾克衫掛在座位旁邊。

6．他的臉變得通紅。

7．幸運(yùn)的是，我及時(shí)趕上了面試。

8．好一會(huì)兒，我們面面相覷，沉默不語。

9．我敢于把對(duì)經(jīng)理的看法如實(shí)地對(duì)他說。