本章教學(xué)目標(biāo)
(1)通過(guò)本單元對(duì)話(huà)學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)撎鞖獾某Ｒ?jiàn)表達(dá)方法；
(2)通過(guò)閱讀本單元課文，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀理解能力，并通過(guò)讓學(xué)生了解無(wú)數(shù)偉人身殘志不殘，取得卓著成績(jī)的事跡，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生積極進(jìn)取。同時(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的愛(ài)心，關(guān)心幫助殘疾人；
(3)通過(guò)教學(xué)要求學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)使用倒裝句進(jìn)行交際運(yùn)用，掌握本單元基本詞組及句式。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破
【對(duì)話(huà)】
1．Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.希望明天會(huì)變晴。Hopefully=It is hoped that...=(We)hope that...(我們)希望……
Hope fully we will meet again on Sunday.希望我們能在星期天再見(jiàn)面。
Hope fully, they will reach an agreement after the talk.會(huì)談之后，他們有望達(dá)成協(xié)議。
下列副詞常獨(dú)立于句首，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的觀點(diǎn)作后面句子的狀語(yǔ)：
surprisingly/astonishingly(令人吃驚的是);happily(for sb.)(令人高興的是)；sadly(令人悲傷的是)；luckily/fortunately(幸運(yùn)的是)等
2．turn out“結(jié)果，最后情況是……”
turn out+形容詞/名詞/副詞/不定式(to be)/that引導(dǎo)的從句(用先行詞it作主語(yǔ))
The boy turned out successful after all.這個(gè)男孩終于成功了。
The accident turned out a good thing.這個(gè)事故最后變成了好事。
Everything turned out well.一切都很順利。
The English evening turned out to be a great success.結(jié)果英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)開(kāi)得很成功。
It turned out that the massage sent to him was not correct.結(jié)果是發(fā)給他的消息有誤。
3．my dream has come true.……我的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
come true(指希望，夢(mèng)想)實(shí)現(xiàn)，到達(dá)
May all your dreams come true!愿你所有的夢(mèng)想成真！
It turned out that their warnings came true.結(jié)果，他們的警告成了事實(shí)。
4．even though l can't see anything.……盡管我不能看到一切。
Even though=even if“即使”、“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
She won't leave the TV set, even though/if her husband is waiting for his supper.即使她的丈夫在等著吃晚飯，她也不愿意離開(kāi)電視機(jī)。
They will stand by you even though/if you don't succeed.即使你不會(huì)成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。
5．l know that one of the towers is on the top of a hill, but the rest of the buildings are easy to get to.我知道有一座廟宇在山頂上，但是其它的建筑物都很容易去。
本句型為：Sth./Sb.+be+adj.+to do
本句型常用來(lái)說(shuō)明句子主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征。動(dòng)詞不定式與句子的主語(yǔ)之間常有一種邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即句子的主語(yǔ)通常是該不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。
(1)若句子的主語(yǔ)與及物動(dòng)詞的不定式在邏輯上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式就不能再帶有賓語(yǔ)。
The question is difficult to answer(to answer the question).這問(wèn)題難回答。
(2)本句型中的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，則要注意使用相應(yīng)的介詞。
The thin ice is dangerous to skate on(to skate on the thin ice).在這么薄的冰上滑冰是很危險(xiǎn)的。
【課文】
1．In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英國(guó)一所大學(xué)的演講廳里坐著一位教授。
這是一個(gè)倒裝句，它的語(yǔ)序“狀語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)”，其中的狀語(yǔ)主要是介詞短語(yǔ)。這樣安排的倒裝句可以使句子比較平穩(wěn)，并使句子前后聯(lián)系比較緊密，而且也給狀語(yǔ)以比較突出的地位。
In the middle of the square stands a monument, which was built in 1 955.
在廣場(chǎng)中間矗立著一塊紀(jì)念碑，它是1955年建成的。
From the valley came an old man with a gun in his hand.從山谷里走出一位老人，手里拿著槍。
2．That is because this professor has a disease which prevents him from speaking.這是因?yàn)檫@位教授得了一種病，使他不能講話(huà)了。
(1)prevent sb.(from)doing sth.使……不做某事，阻止……做某事
There is nothing to prevent her from marrying Frank.任何事都不能阻止她嫁給弗蘭克。
Who prevents their plan from being carried out?有誰(shuí)會(huì)阻止他們計(jì)劃的實(shí)施呢？
(2)prevent sb.from doing短語(yǔ)中的介詞from可省略，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不可省略。
we were prevented by the heavy rain from going to the park.(from不可省)昨天下大雨，使我們來(lái)不了。
The heavy rain prevented us(from)going to the park.(from可省)
注意：與prevent sb.from doing 相同的詞組有keep sb./sth.from doing sth.(from不可省)和stop sb./sth.(from)doing(from可省略)
3．Not only does he have to type out the answer on a computer, but he also gets the computer to translate it into sounds.他不僅要把答語(yǔ)在計(jì)算機(jī)上打出來(lái)，而且還要讓計(jì)算機(jī)把答語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變成聲音。
Not only...but also...(不僅……而且……)引起局部倒裝的句型
(1)在not only...but also...結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)not only位于句首時(shí)，not only部分引起部分倒裝，但but also部分不倒裝。
Not only could he type but also he could operate the computer.他不但會(huì)打字而且會(huì)操作計(jì)算機(jī)。
Not only is the problem very important, but also it is difficult to solve.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題不僅重要，而且難以解決。
(2)如果位于句首的not only...but also...連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)，就不用倒裝。
Not only men but also women and children are affected by the new law.
不但男人，而且連婦女和兒童都受到新法律的影響。
Not only you but also he is wrong.不但你錯(cuò)了，他也錯(cuò)了。
Not only he but also you are wrong不但他錯(cuò)了，你也錯(cuò)了。
注意：not only...but also...中的also有時(shí)可省略。
This concerns not only you but your sister這不僅關(guān)系到你，而且關(guān)系到你姐姐。
4．(he decided to continue with his research and his writing.……他決定繼續(xù)從事研究和寫(xiě)作。)Continue with=go on with繼續(xù)(做某事)
I was tired of him, but he still continued with his explanation.我已厭煩了他，可他繼續(xù)作解釋。continue可作及物動(dòng)詞，其后跟名詞．動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式
After that they continued with the business.之后他們繼續(xù)做這個(gè)買(mǎi)賣(mài)。
5．As a matter of fact，many people have a disability.事實(shí)上很多人都有某種殘疾。
as a matter of fact=in fact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上
As a matter of fact, I know nothing about it.其實(shí)我對(duì)此事一無(wú)所知。
She didn't go to see the film as a matter of fact.事實(shí)上她沒(méi)有去看電影。
6．it is probable that one day we will end up with a disability.……很可能有一天我們終會(huì)變成殘疾。
end v.結(jié)束，終止，完結(jié)
(1)與up連用，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表示“最后的……結(jié)局”
How does the story end up?這個(gè)故事是怎樣結(jié)尾的？
If you go on stealing, you will end up in prison.如果你繼續(xù)行竊，總有一天你會(huì)坐牢的。反義詞組start/begin with
(2)end up with意思是“最后”或“以……結(jié)束”、“以……告終”
At the dinner we usually started with soup and ended up with fruit. 在宴會(huì)上我們開(kāi)始的第一道菜是湯，最后一道是水果。
He ended up his speech with a polite“thank you”.她以一聲“謝謝”禮貌地結(jié)束講話(huà)。
7．Once, people would often be referred to as“deaf”or“blind”.過(guò)去有些人常被稱(chēng)之為“聾子”或“瞎子”。注意：refer to的用法
refer to...as把……稱(chēng)作，稱(chēng)之為……
Coal is often referred to as food for industry.煤常被稱(chēng)作工業(yè)的糧食。
The U.S.A. is often referred to as Uncle Sam. 美國(guó)常被人稱(chēng)作山姆大叔。
8．a(chǎn)t(the)latest(固定短語(yǔ))最遲，至遲
In a few days at latest I will return.我最遲過(guò)幾天就返回。
Be here on Monday at (the)latest.最遲不翅過(guò)星期一到達(dá)這里。
9．look forward to sth./doing sth.期待，盼望(常指愉快的心情)
I'm looking forward to receiving your reply.我盼望著收到你的回音。
Everyone was looking forward to this day.大家都在盼望著這一天。
I'm looking forward to seeing you at the airport.我盼望在機(jī)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到你。
核心知識(shí)
【詞匯】
disability a physical injury or mental illness that severely affects your life
brain the mind and the way that people think
sense the physical abilities of sight, smell, hearing ,touch, and taste
nervous worried and frightened
treatment all the things that are done in order to make a sick or injured person well again
splendid excellent; beautiful and impressive
declare state officially
seize take hold of sth. quickly and firmly
conduct lead or guide
【短語(yǔ)】
dream of/come true/even though/if/as though/in need of/as a matter of fact / end up/ at the latest/look for ward to
【句型】
1．Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.
2．We must also make sure the signs are clear and easy to read.
【日常交際用語(yǔ)】
1．It's a beautiful day today.
2．It's a bit... today, isn't it?
3．Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.
4．So far as I know, tomorrow should be fine, too.
5．You said that you hoped...
6．I hope so. Have a good day.
典型例題
【基礎(chǔ)題】
★★例1 The question is very important. It really needs___________.
A．discussing carefully B．being discussed carefully
C．to discuss carefully D．carefully to be discussing
導(dǎo)析：本題考查動(dòng)詞need的用法。動(dòng)詞need作“需要”解時(shí)，后面可接不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)或動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)作其賓語(yǔ)。答案：A
★★例2
-Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
--I don't know,___________．
A．nor don't I care B．nor do I care C．I don't care neither D．I don't care also
導(dǎo)析：nor, neither, so用于句首時(shí)，句子形成倒裝。 nor和neither用于否定句表示“也不”；so用于肯定句，表示“也”。答案：B
★★例3 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to___________．
A．sit B．sit on
C．be sat D．be sat on
導(dǎo)析：本題考查不定式作狀語(yǔ)的用法。在“名詞(代詞)+be +adj.(easy
difficult, comfortable等)+不定式”句型中，不定式常是主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如果不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面要加上必要的介詞。答案：B
【易錯(cuò)題】
★★★例Only when the war was over ___________to his hometown.
A．did the young soldier return B．the young soldier returned
C．returned the young soldier D．the young soldier did return.
導(dǎo)析：本題考查的是“only+狀語(yǔ)”放在句首的倒裝句。以only開(kāi)頭的句子(后面為副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句)時(shí)，句子需用部分倒裝。答案：A
【創(chuàng)新題】
★★例1
-Would you rather go to the cinema or stay at home watching TV?
__________the film is good, I will stay and watch TV.
A．No matter how B．Even though
C．If D．In spite of
導(dǎo)析：本題考查連詞的用法。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“I'll stay at home watching TV”(我要在家看電視)這一語(yǔ)境，可推斷答語(yǔ)前半句應(yīng)是“即使電影好”，故正確答案為Even though。選項(xiàng)D也表示“即使”的意思，但其后必須接名詞，不能接從句。答案：B
★★例2
--Take this medicine, please.
--Do I have to? It tasted________.
A．horrible B．horribly
C．being horrible D．like horrible
導(dǎo)析：本題考查系動(dòng)詞的用法。題中tasted可作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“品嘗”，也可作系動(dòng)詞，意為“嘗起來(lái)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處作系動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。因此最佳答案為horrible。有相同用法的系動(dòng)詞還有feel、smell、look、sound。答案：A
【高考題】
★★例1(1995年，全國(guó))Not until all the fish died in the river, __________how serious the pollution is.
A．did the villagers realize B．the villagers realized
C．the villagers did realize D．didn't the villagers realize
導(dǎo)析：Not until引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句用于句首時(shí)，主句半倒裝。又因?yàn)镹ot...until句型中的not放在句首，所以主句部分不用否定句。答案：A
★★例2(2000年，全國(guó)春季)I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life __________so happy.
A．did I feel B．I felt C．I had felt D．had I felt
導(dǎo)析：當(dāng)表示否定意義的詞，如hardly, seldom, never, little, no, not, not only, not until等，放在句首時(shí)，句子需用部分倒裝。答案：D