作者：邱世才
"情景對話"題無論在我們平時練習中還是測試中都是一個很重要的題型。許多同學對這種題型感到束手無策。今天我們就來談談這種題型的解法。總的來說,我們在做題時應遵循以下"四要":
一、注意東西方文化上的差異
1. -Your dress is just wonderful!
-_______
A. You are right, thank you.
B. Thank you, and you?
C. No, no, yours is better.
D. Thank you. I'm glad to hear that.
【剖析】本題就涉及到東、西方文化的差異。對于他人的贊美,我們中國人認為謙虛就是一種美德,凡事先要自謙一番,所以不少同學會選擇C項。而英美人非常講究自重自信,受人夸獎、贊美時,用"It's kind of you to say so."或"Thank you."來表示感謝。細讀其它三項,只有D項才是很得體的、自信的回答。
2. When you first meet an English man, it is not polite to ask, "_______?"
A. How are you B. How old are you
C. How do you do
D. What's your name, please
【剖析】不同的民族有不同的思維方式,從而產生了各自在文化交流上的差異。在英美等國家,向某人詢問婚姻狀況、年齡、工資收入等,都被認為是失禮,甚至是粗魯的行為。他們認為這些是個人隱私,不用別人過問、打聽。故選B。
二、注意習慣表達法的應用
1. -May I speak to Mr Green, please?
-________
A. This is Mr Green speaking.
B. Yes, I am.
C. Do you know him?
D. I'm speaking.
【剖析】這是考查打電話的用語。打電話問對方是誰,不說"Who are you?"而要用"Who's that?"或"Is that +姓名?";回答對方或自我介紹,不用"I'm..."或"My name is..."而用"This is +姓名"。打電話時,習慣用this指代自我,that指代對方。故選A。
2. -Thank you very much for lending it to me.
-_______.
A. Yes B. Don't thank me
C. No, thanks D. You're welcome
【剖析】由于受漢語的影響,有些同學會誤選A、B、C項。根據英美人的語言習慣可知正確答案是D項。回答對方感謝的話,除了"You're welcome. "外,還有 "That's all right." / "It's a pleasure." / "Don't mention it."
三、 注意依"景"確定表達式
1. -________?
-Yes, I'm looking for a pen.
A. Can I help you
B. What are you doing
C. What do you want to buy
D. What do you like
【剖析】解"情景對話"題時要把握英文中的文明得體的禮貌用語。如在服務行業中,漢語常以"你想要什么?",而英語常用What can I do for you? 或Can I help you?向顧客提供服務。故此題選A。
2. -________?
- Yes, but a bit cold.
A. Hot weather, isn't it
B. Cold weather, isn't it
C. A nice day, isn't it
D. Bad weather, don't you think so
【剖析】本題涉及到"談論天氣"。A、B、D項均與答語中的but意思前后矛盾。C項作為問句,答語變得合情合理,即"是好天氣,但有點兒冷",前后轉折關系明確。
四、 注意"答"與"問"的一致
1. -What's the man in the hat?
-________.
A. He's my teacher
B. He is a driver
C. He is forty D. He is Li Ming
【剖析】What's the man? 此句型是針對某人的職業或身份詢問的,表示"......是干什么的?"此句相當于What does the man do? 故選B。
2. -What's the date today?
-________.
A. It's Thursday B. It's a fine day
C. I'm 16 D. The third, I think
【剖析】此題涉及"date"。A項是問星期,與date無關,應排除;B項是問天氣的,與date無關;C項的答語是回答年齡的;D項與答語相一致,所以是正確答案。