高中英語(yǔ) 第一冊(cè) 第一單元
Unit 1
一、【目的與要求：】掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的單詞和詞組。
introduce, practice, go away, go on doing , as a result, in one's opinion, take care of ,general idea ,give any regards to sb等等…
二、【日常交際用語(yǔ)】
Nice to meet you. Nice meeting you. I'll introduce you, See you soon .
I must go now . I must be off now. Give one's best wishes to sb …
三、【知識(shí)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)分析】
1、Which school were you at last year ? 你去年在哪所大學(xué)校讀書？此句中的“at”也可用“in”來(lái)代替，意思不變。如：Which school are you in?
2、So was my friend Bob White.(=My friend Bob White was also at Centre school.)
我的朋友鮑勃懷特也在那所學(xué)校讀書。
“So +be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)”,此結(jié)構(gòu)中的語(yǔ)序是倒裝的。這個(gè)以so開頭的句子內(nèi)容是接著前句而來(lái)的，表示so句中的情況與前句講的情況相同。例如：
You are a student. So am I. 你是學(xué)生。我也是(學(xué)生)。
You can speak English ,and so can I. 你會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，我也會(huì)(說(shuō)英語(yǔ))。
He likes playing football. So does his elder brother. 他喜歡踢足球，他哥哥也喜歡(踢足球)。
A: I went to see a film yesterday. 我昨天去看了場(chǎng)電影。
B: Oh, did you? So did I. 哦，是嗎？我也去了。
如果上句是否定句，下句就應(yīng)該用neither或 nor 來(lái)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)倒裝句了。例如：
You are not a student. Neither/Nor am I. 你不是學(xué)生，我也不是(學(xué)生)。
You have never been to the Great wall .Neither/Nor have. 你沒去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城，我也沒去過(guò)(長(zhǎng)城)。
3、I must be off now. 我現(xiàn)在得走了。
off在這里是副詞，在句中作表語(yǔ)，表示“離開”“走開”的意思。當(dāng)你表示要離開某人或謝絕對(duì)方的挽留時(shí)，你還可以說(shuō)：I must go now .=I must be leaving now =I really must be going now.
4、Nice to meet you很高興見到你。
此句是見面時(shí)常用的客氣用語(yǔ)。其它見面時(shí)常用語(yǔ)還有：
I'm glad to meet you.(=Glad to meet you .)
I'm pleased to meet you.(=Pleased to meet you .)
It's a great pleasure to meet you.
而在分手時(shí)，人們常說(shuō)：It was nice meeting you .(=Nice meeting you). It was nice talking with you (Nice meeting you.).
It was Nice to have talked with you.（=It is nice to have talked with you ）.
5、I want to introduce my friend Jane. 我想介紹一下我的朋友簡(jiǎn)。
introduce sb to sb 把某人介紹給某人，其中“to sb”可以省略。例如：
I'd like to introduce myself (to you). 我想自我介紹一下。
Let me introduce my friend Peter to you? 讓我把你介紹給寫了先生。
May I introduce my friend Peter to you? 可以向你介紹一下我的朋友彼特嗎？
Please allow me to introduce Miss Liu to you all. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我把劉小姐介紹給你們大家。
6、Find out the things which are different in your part of China. 找出與中國(guó)你所在地區(qū)不同的情況。
find和find out都有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”、“找到”的意思。 find通常是指憑一時(shí)的感覺或偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)，而find out 則是指經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力，研究，計(jì)算或探詢而發(fā)現(xiàn)某物某事，通常有“找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)，搞清楚”的意思。例如：
He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院里。
I found a $5 note on the pavement. 我在人行道上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張5英鎊紙幣。
Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查問出火車什么時(shí)候開嗎？
They tried to find out who had broken the window. 他們?cè)噲D查明誰(shuí)打破了玻璃窗。
Later, he found out a new method of learning English. 后來(lái)，他找到了一種學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的新方法。
7、I hope you are very well .我希望你一切都好。
Well在此句中是形容詞，通常作表語(yǔ)，意思是“健康的”相當(dāng)于healthy的意思。例如：
I'm not feeling well today .我今天覺得身體不大舒服。
Is she well enough to travel?她身體康復(fù)，能夠旅行了嗎？
He is much better now, thank you.他現(xiàn)在身體好些了，多謝你的關(guān)心。（better是well的比較好）
Be, feel, get, look + well 身體好，康復(fù)，氣色好。
8、So every day I work from dawn until dark. 因此，我們每天 從早到晚地勞動(dòng)。
from until/till/to 冒意思是“從某時(shí)到某時(shí)”例如：from morning fill night從早到晚
from beginning to end 自始至終，從頭到尾。
9、Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of the tractors.
有時(shí)，我們?cè)谔旌诤筮�要借助拖拉機(jī)的燈光繼續(xù)干活。
go on doing sth 意思是“繼續(xù)（做某事），連續(xù)不斷地（做某事）”
go on to do sth表示（在干完某事后）“接著干另一件事”，即接下去干與原來(lái)不同的另一件事。例如：
Although if was raining hard ,they still went on working in the field.
雖然雨下得很大，但他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)在地里干活。
After he finished writing the litter,he went on to read the text of lesson one.
他寫完信后，接著讀第一課課文。
10 、Although the farm is large,my Dad has only two men working for him.
雖然農(nóng)場(chǎng)很大，但我爸爸只雇了兩個(gè)人為他干活。
have sb/sth doing 這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示“使某人或某物持續(xù)做某事或動(dòng)作持續(xù)的狀態(tài)”。在句中have是“使”，“讓”的意思， working 是現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)two men的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
Don't have the car waiting out side the gate all the time. 不要讓汽車一直在門外等著。
The two cheats had the lights burning all day long. 兩個(gè)騙子讓燈整天亮著。
Don't have the water running all day long. 不要讓這自來(lái)水整天花花地流。
I won't have you talking to Mother like that. 我不允許你對(duì)媽媽那樣說(shuō)話。
11、It doesn't often rain in the summer here, As a result we have water the vegetable garden.
這兒夏天不常下雨，因此我們不得不給菜園澆水。
As a resulf (由于的)結(jié)果；因此常用在有上下文的情況下。例如:
It was late at night and there was no bus.As a resulf , we had to walk to He village.
夜深了，又沒有公共汽車，因此我們不得不步行到那個(gè)村莊。
He had some bad fish , As a result ,he felt sick his morning .
由于吃了些壞魚，所以今天上午他感到不舒服。
As a resulf of (=because of… )意思是“由于”例如：
As a result of fog the flight was delayed. 由于有霧，航班誤點(diǎn)了。
He got a rist as the result of his hard work. 由于他工作勤奮，所以他長(zhǎng)了工資。
Thousands of people lost their lives as the result of the war.由于那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，成千上萬(wàn)的人民喪失了生命。
另：在本句中“To water the vegetable garden”，water一詞是用作動(dòng)詞。在英語(yǔ)中有些詞雖然詞形相同，但詞類發(fā)生變化，由某一詞類（如名詞）變成另一詞類（如動(dòng)詞）。如下下列句子中Pump, water即有名詞，也有動(dòng)詞的用法。well即可用作副詞，也可用作名詞。
There is a pump is the village.it works very well.we often pump water from the well to water the vegetable garden.
12、Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion.美國(guó)人吃肉很多，依我看吃得太多了。
in my opinion =in my view意思是“在我看來(lái)，依我看”。近似于I fhink/guess/feel/suppose(我想、我認(rèn)為、我覺得)等表達(dá)形式，都是用來(lái)表示個(gè)人的看法或意見等。
what was the nicest part of your holiday in your opinion？
在你看來(lái)，你假期中哪段時(shí)間過(guò)的最好？
In my opinion ,autumn is the best season in beijing.在我看來(lái)，秋天是北京最好的季節(jié)。
In charlie's opinion ,Americans should eat less meat.在查理看來(lái)，美國(guó)人應(yīng)該少吃一點(diǎn)肉。
In my opinion and in the opinion of most people.it is a very sound investment.照我的和大多數(shù)人的看法，這是一項(xiàng)很可靠的投資。
13、In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the states.
在信中，你問有關(guān)美國(guó)不同時(shí)區(qū)的問題。
There are five different time areas in the states 美國(guó)有5個(gè)不同的時(shí)區(qū)。
以上兩句中的The states都是指The United States of America .美國(guó)，美利堅(jiān)眾國(guó)略作U.S.A或U.S.。
下句In my state中的state 是指寫信人所在的那個(gè)州，這時(shí)state的開頭字母不大寫。另外， time areas和 time zones同義都是指時(shí)區(qū)。
14、Please give my regards to your parents.請(qǐng)代我向你父母問好。
Regard vt. 是動(dòng)詞，作“認(rèn)為，視為”解。regard sb as a hero 認(rèn)為某人是英雄。 regard sth as a crime 把某事看作是一種罪惡。例如：
He is regarded as the best dentist in town..他被看作是域里最好的牙醫(yī)。
在名中regards 是名詞，作“問候，致意”解。give my regards /love /best wishes to sb作“代我向某人問好”解。remember me to sb 也有同義。例如：
Please give my best wishes to your wife (=Please remember me to your wife.)請(qǐng)代向你妻子問好。
15、Best wishes. 祝好。
該句通常用于信尾，謹(jǐn)致問候之意，還可以說(shuō)best regards 祝好！Wishing you good luck /success! 祝你走運(yùn)/成功！