科目 英語
年級(jí) 高一
文件 high1 unit25.doc
標(biāo)題 unit25
章節(jié) 第二十五單元
關(guān)鍵詞
內(nèi)容
一.目的與要求：掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的單詞和詞組。如：repeat, funny, lady, joke, attention, unable, world－famous, introduction, college, note, organize, medical, attend, organizer, gentleman, suppose, earn, conference, expert, throat, sent out, get through, ring back, out of breath, make up等。
二.學(xué)會(huì)本單元出現(xiàn)的日常交際用語。
Can you ring up …? The line is busy. Could I speak to …, please ?
Can I take a message ? Can you ask …to ring me back, please ?
I can’t get through. I’ll try again later, Hold on please.
This is …speaking. I’ll ask …to call you.
三.本單元知識(shí)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)分析：
1.在“1 Dialogue”中有這樣一段對(duì)話：
Mary：What a lot of informations to send out !
要發(fā)出去的請(qǐng)柬可真多呀！
Lizzy：Yes, there must be over two hundred here.
是的，這兒想必有200多份。
句中的“must”作“想必”、“準(zhǔn)是”、“一定”解，用來表示我們對(duì)某事有把握的推論或揣測(cè)。雖然句中must也可用may來代替，但must語氣更為肯定。例如：
They must be very tired now, for they have been working the whole morning.
他們現(xiàn)在一定是非常累了，因?yàn)樗麄冋麄�(gè)上午都在工作。
I often meet him in this street. He must live quite near here.
我經(jīng)常在這條街上碰到他。想必他就住在附近。
“Can you tell me where LiLi is ”“He must be is the teachers office.”
你能告訴我李立在哪兒?jiǎn)幔?他肯定是在老師辦公室。
must表示推測(cè)的這種用法通常用在肯定句中，在疑問句中常用can(可能)，在否定句中常用can’+(不可能，不會(huì)是)，而不用mustn’t。例如：
Somebody is knocking at the door. Who can it be ? It must be Wang Hong.
No, It can’t be Wang Hong, because she left for Shanghai this morning.
有人在敲門。會(huì)是誰呢？一定是王紅。不，不會(huì)是王紅，因?yàn)樗裉煸绯烤蛣?dòng)身去上海了。
That can’t be the postman───it’s only seven o’clock.
那不會(huì)是郵遞員──現(xiàn)在才7點(diǎn)鐘呢。
She must be a professor. No, she can’t be a professor-she is so young.
她一定是個(gè)教授。不，她不可能是個(gè)教授──她還這么年青。
2.“An invitation to the 199…Medical Conference in London.”
“一份邀請(qǐng)參加199 年在倫敦召開的醫(yī)學(xué)大會(huì)的請(qǐng)柬。”
1)在“the 199…Medical Conference”中的年份用了省略號(hào)，這是留給教師上課時(shí)靈活處理的，如是1997年上這一課，你就把7填上；如果是1998年上這一課，你就把8填上，依此類推。
2)注意“invitation”的搭配：
A.和動(dòng)詞的搭配
accept an invitation接受邀請(qǐng)
give sb an invitation邀請(qǐng)某人
receive an invitation收到請(qǐng)貼/接到邀請(qǐng)
refuse sb’s invitation拒絕某人的邀請(qǐng)
send out an invitation發(fā)出請(qǐng)貼/邀請(qǐng)
B.和介詞的搭配
at the invitation of sb應(yīng)某人的邀請(qǐng)
an invitation to(an activity)參加(某種活動(dòng))的邀請(qǐng)。
an invitation from sb來自某人的邀請(qǐng)。
例如：I received an invitation from Peter to his birthday party.
我收到皮特請(qǐng)我去參加他生日聚會(huì)的請(qǐng)?zhí)?/p>
Mr Baker accepted the invitation to the Medical Conference.
貝克先生接受了去參加醫(yī)學(xué)大會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。
Mr Martin refused Mary’s invitation to her wedding.
馬丁先生拒絕了瑪麗請(qǐng)他參加她的婚禮的邀請(qǐng)。
She sent out many invitations to her wedding but she hasn’t received any reply to them.
她發(fā)出了許多參加她婚禮的請(qǐng)柬，但還沒有收到任何答復(fù)。
3. Dr Baker replied to the invitation, accepting it.
貝克博士答復(fù)了請(qǐng)柬，接受了邀請(qǐng)。
1)“accepting it ”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示伴隨動(dòng)作，相當(dāng)于“and accepted it ”。
例如：
The children entered the classroom, singing and dancing.
孩子們唱著、跳著，走進(jìn)了教室。 (表示伴隨狀態(tài))
He ran up to us breathing heavily.他氣喘吁吁地向我的跑來。(表示伴隨狀態(tài))
The boss went to see Mr King, praising him for his excellent work.(……，and wondered why he had been invited)貝克博士躺在床上，對(duì)于為什么他會(huì)受到邀請(qǐng)，心里感到很納悶。
2)注意accept和receive的區(qū)別：
receive作“收到”解，只表示客觀上“收到某物”，而accept作“接受”解，表示主觀上“樂意接受某物”，如果說：“I received an invitation.”則表示“我接受了邀請(qǐng)”，我準(zhǔn)備去。例如：
He received the gift, but he didn’t accept it .他收到了禮物，但是他沒有接受。
I have received an invitation from Peter. Shall I accept it or refuse it ?
我收到了皮特的請(qǐng)柬，我是接受還是拒絕呢？
3)reply在句中用作不及物動(dòng)詞，作“回答”解，常用reply to sb/sth，表示“對(duì)……作出回答”，作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是“答道”，“回答說”的意思，后跟直接引語或賓語從句。作名詞時(shí)，作“回答”、“回信”、“答復(fù)”解，例如：
She cried, but didn’t reply.她哭了，但不回答。
Please reply to my question at once.請(qǐng)立刻回答我的問題。
“Certainly, not ”she replied.“當(dāng)然不行”她答道。
He replied that he didn’t know the secret.他回答說，他不知道這個(gè)秘密。
She didn’t lift her head, and made no reply.她頭也不抬，也不回答。
answer和reply都可用作及物動(dòng)詞，作“回答”解，但answer可跟名詞作賓語而reply只能跟直接引語或賓語從句，如跟名詞，reply后須加to。例如：
Can you answer my question ?你能回答我的問題嗎？(也可說Can you reply to my question?)
4.If Dr Baker is in the hall, will he please make himself known to me ?
如果貝克博士在會(huì)場(chǎng)的話，請(qǐng)他向我自我介紹一下好嗎？
make oneself known to sb. 意思是“向某人作自我介紹”。例如：
They are all my friends. Will you please make yourself known to them ?
他們都是我的朋友。請(qǐng)你向他們自我介紹一下好嗎？
5.Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ?
能不能請(qǐng)你今天作一個(gè)關(guān)于DNA的報(bào)告？
“Would you mind doing sth.”是一個(gè)日常交際用語，表示禮貌地提出請(qǐng)求。例如：
Would you mind opening the window ?請(qǐng)你把窗戶打開好嗎？
Would you mind fetching me some water, please ?請(qǐng)你給我打點(diǎn)水來好嗎？
Would you mind sending him a message for me ?請(qǐng)你幫我?guī)�(gè)口信給他好嗎？
6.You must be joking !你一定是在開玩笑吧！
must表示推測(cè)，作“一定”“想必”解。must后用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be joking，表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：
Where are they ? They must be playing football on the playground now.
他們?cè)谀膬耗兀克麄円欢ㄊ钦诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球了。
It’s ready seven o’clock. She must be waiting for you in her house now.
已經(jīng)7點(diǎn)，她肯定是正在家里等你呢。
7.That may be so.這是有可能的。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“may”在句中作“可能”解，也具有推測(cè)的含義，但語氣不像must那樣肯定。例如：
He may be right.他可能是對(duì)的。
They may come here tomorrow.他們明天可能會(huì)到這里來。
She may be still waiting for us.她可能還在等我們呢。(比較：She must be still waiting for us.他一定還在等我們。)
8.“There must be some mistake,”said Dr Baker.貝克博士說，“準(zhǔn)是出了什么差錯(cuò)了。”
句中some作“某一個(gè)”解，常用在單數(shù)普通名詞前，表示未知的，或說話者不愿特別說明的人、地、物等。例如：
Some man at the door is asking to see you.門口有人要見你。
She won a competition in some newspaper or other.她在某報(bào)舉辦的比賽中獲勝。
For some reason she didn’t come to school yesterday.由于某種原因，她昨天沒來上學(xué)。
They plan to visit China some time near year.他們計(jì)劃在明年的某個(gè)時(shí)候訪問中國(guó)。
He must be living at some place not far from here.
他一定是住在離這不遠(yuǎn)的某個(gè)地方
9.“ENT? What does that stand for ?”asked the organizer.──“Illnesses of the ear, nose and throat…”ENT? 它代表什么？組織者問道。──“代表耳、鼻喉科的疾病……”stand for作“代表”解，本句的完整回答是：“It stands for illness of the ear, nose and throat.”ENT是ear, nose, throat。3個(gè)詞的第一個(gè)字母組成的縮略語，這種省略語不管是一個(gè)字母或多個(gè)字母，當(dāng)其作主語時(shí)，都作單數(shù)看待，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。例如：
What does C stand for in“37℃”？──It stands for centigrade.
“37℃”中的C代表什么？──代表攝氏(寒暑表)。
UN stands for the United Nations. UN代表聯(lián)合國(guó)。
10. Dr lively was going to talk on that very subject today.
萊芙利博士今天原打算要讀的正好是這個(gè)題目。
1)介詞on在句中作“關(guān)于”(about )解。例如：
Have you any idea on that problem ?關(guān)于那個(gè)問題，你有什么想法。
Dr Baker was asked to give a talk on DNA.
貝克博士被邀請(qǐng)做一個(gè)有關(guān)DNA的報(bào)告。
I can’t agree with you on this point.關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，我不能同意你的意見。
2)句中的very是形容詞，修飾后面的名詞subject，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。作“正好”、“就是”解。
This is the very thing I need.這正是我需要的東西。
He is the very person we are looking for.他正是我們要找的那個(gè)人。
She determined to go that very afternoon.她決定就在當(dāng)天下午走。