核心詞匯
1．Do you think our education____________(制度)needs improving?
2．The____________(氣候)of southern Florida attracts thousands of tourists each winter.
3．Without practice there would be no____________(理論)．
4．The hen was old and it stopped____________(下蛋)eggs.
5. The idea____________(存在)only in the minds of us young people.
6．Professor Li has solved the____________(難題)and everyone is cheering.
7．Mars’__________(萬有引力)is only about 38% of Earth’s.
8．Raising your child to tell the difference between right and wrong is one of the f____________tasks of parenthood.
9．用harm的適當形式填空
(1)Air pollution will get worse and this will be____to people，for example，it can cause cancer.
(2)Rubbish can be changed into____________things.
(3)Don’t____________your eyes by reading in the dim light.
10．Last night we had a discussion，which became more and more____________.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use____________whatever happens.(violent)
1.system 2.climate 3.theory 4.laying 5.exists 6.puzzle 7.gravity 8.fundamental 9.(1)harmful,(2)harmless (3)harm 10.violent；violence
高頻短語
1．________________ 及時，終于
2．________________ 下蛋
3．________________ 產(chǎn)生；分娩
4．________________ 輪到某人；接著
5．________________ 阻止；制止
6．________________ 擋住(光線)
7．________________ 感到高興；感到振奮
8．________________ 既然
9．________________ 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)
10．________________ 密切注視；當心；提防
1.in time 2.lay eggs 3.give birth to 4.in one’s turn 5.prevent...from 6.block out 7.cheer up 8.now that,9.break out 10.watch out
重點句式
1．________________was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
隨后它會變成什么沒有人知道，直到38～45億年前，這團塵埃才慢慢地形成一個固體的球狀物。
2．The earth became ____________ it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
地球變得如此猛烈，以至于它的形狀能否持久還不清楚。
3．This produced a chain reaction，which __________________.
這就產(chǎn)生了一系列的反應，使得生命有可能發(fā)展了。
4．We watched，________________ on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.
我們驚奇地看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。
5．But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried _________ on the earth and fell over.
而當我試著向前邁步時，我發(fā)覺我被送出很遠，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
6．“...walking does need a bit of practice ________________ gravity has changed.”
“……既然重力改變了，走路也確實需要練一練了。”
1.What it was to become 2.so violent that 3.made it possible for life to develop 4.amazed as fire broke out,5.twice as far as 6.now that
知識詳解
1.exist vi. 存在，生存
(回歸課本P26)They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.
它們也生蛋，在地球上生存了一億四千多萬年。
[歸納拓展]
①(牛津P697)They can’t exist on the money he’s earning.
他們靠他掙的那點錢無法維持生活。
②There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.有一個解決現(xiàn)存地理問題的好辦法。
③No one knows how this world came into existence.
沒有人知道這個世界是怎樣形成的。
[例句探源]
[即境活用]
1．完成句子
(1)巴基斯坦在戰(zhàn)后就以一個獨立的國家存在了。
Pakistan ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________country after the war.
答案：came into existence as an independent
(2)就我所知，他們收入微薄，幾乎無法維持生活。
As far as I know，they are paid hardly enough________ ________ ________.
答案：to exist on
2.puzzle n． 謎；難題 vt. & vi. (使)迷惑；(使)為難
(回歸課本P27)How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球生命如何起源是科學家們覺得很難解決的最大的難題之一。
[歸納拓展]
①(牛津P1616)What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone.
令我不解的是，他為什么悄悄地離開了這個國家。
②The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened.
警察仍然正在苦思這起事故是怎么發(fā)生的。
[例句探源]
③Scientists have been trying to solve this puzzle for years.
多年來科學家們一直試圖解開這一謎團。
④(牛津P1616)He looked puzzled so I repeated the question.
他好像沒聽懂，于是我又把問題重復了一遍。
2．She lost heart since she failed in the exam.She felt________about her future.
A．puzzle B．puzzling
C．puzzled D．puzzles
解析：選C。后句句意：她對她的將來感到迷惑。puzzled adj.(人)迷惑的，迷惘的；puzzling adj.(物)令人迷惑的。
[即境活用]
3.pull n. & vt. 拉(力)；拖；牽引力
(回歸課本P30)As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity.
隨著火箭的升空，由于我們在努力掙脫地球的引力，我們被向后推在座位上。
[歸納拓展]
①He pulled the door open and rushed out.
他拉開門，沖了出去。
②(牛津P1604)The police car signalled to us to pull in.
警車發(fā)出信號，要我們駛向路邊停靠。
③We waved as the train pulled out of the station.
火車駛出車站時我們揮手告別。
④The doctor told me that I would pull through.
醫(yī)生告訴我，我會康復的。
[例句探源]
【高效記憶】
3．用pull down；pull in；pull out；pull through填空：
(1)Houses were________to make way for a new highway.
答案：pulled down
(2)Cheer up！Take more exercise every day and you will________.
答案：pull through
[即境活用]
(3)John________behind me and parked.
答案：pulled in
(4)Be careful when you ________of the driveway.
答案：pull out
4.in time 及時；終于，總有一天
(回歸課本P25)They were in time to produce carbon，nitrogen，water vapour and other gases，which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
最終產(chǎn)生了碳、氮氣、水蒸氣和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。
[歸納拓展]
①The kids will be leaving home in no time.
孩子們很快就要離開家了。
②(朗文P2162)Will you be back in time for dinner?
你會及時趕回來吃晚飯嗎？
③(朗文P2162)I should be back in time to watch the show.
我應該及時趕回來看那場演出。
④The company fired him for not coming to work on time.
那家公司因他不按時上班而解雇了他。
[例句探源]
4．Will you be home________to see the children before they go to bed?
A．on time B．in time
C．a(chǎn)t a time D．a(chǎn)t one time
解析：選B。句意：你會在孩子們上床睡覺之前回來看他們嗎？in time意為“及時”，符合題意。on time按時；at a time每次；at one time曾經(jīng)。
[即境活用]
5．________， I lost heart in English learning，but my teacher often said to me，“Keep on studying hard，and you’ll succeed________.”
A．At a time；in time
B．At a time；on time
C．At one time；in time
D．At one time；on time
解析：選C。考查由time 構(gòu)成的固定搭配的用法。句意：曾經(jīng)，我對英語學習失去信心，但老師常對我說：“堅持不懈的努力，最終會鑄就你的成功。”at a time“每次”；at one time“曾經(jīng)，一度”相當于once；in time“及時，遲早”，當“遲早”講時相當于sooner or later；on time“按時，準時”。由句意知應選C。
6．(2010年江西景德鎮(zhèn)模擬)-Does he often ask you for help?
-Oh，no，only________.
A．a(chǎn)ll the time B．a(chǎn)t one time
C．a(chǎn)t a time D．a(chǎn)t times
解析：選D。all the time一直；at one time曾經(jīng)；at a time一次；at times有時。
7．-I am afraid I can’t return the book to you before Friday.
-________.
A．Don’t be afraid B．Be careful
C．Not at all D．Take your time
解析：選D。句意：--恐怕我不能在星期五之前把這本書還給你。--慢慢來，別著急。Don’t be afraid別害怕；Be careful小心，當心；Not at all一點也不；Take your time即to use as much time as you need without hurrying“不用急，慢慢來”。根據(jù)題意只有D項符合句意。
5.in one’s turn 輪到某人；接著
(回歸課本P26)Thus they have，in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.
于是，他們接著成為了這個行星上最重要的動物 。
[歸納拓展]
①When it is in my turn，I am too excited to speak.
當輪到我時，我激動得都說不出話來了。
②The customer praised the manager，who in turn praised his staff.
顧客表揚了經(jīng)理，經(jīng)理轉(zhuǎn)而表揚了員工。
③All theories are derived from practice and in turn serve practice.
所有的理論都來源于實踐，并反過來為實踐服務(wù)。
④Now it is your turn to look after the children.
現(xiàn)在輪到你照看孩子了。
[例句探源]
8．People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars，and this________creates further problems.
A．in short B．in case
C．in doubt D．in turn
解析：選D。in turn 在該題中的意思為“反之；反過來”。
[即境活用]
6.prevent...from... 防止某事發(fā)生
(回歸課本P26)They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.
他們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。
[歸納拓展]
①(朗文P1612)Guards stood at the doors to prevent anyone from leaving.
守衛(wèi)站在門口阻止任何人離開。
②Once he has made up his mind，no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan.
一旦他下定決心，誰也阻止不了他執(zhí)行這個計劃。
③His advice kept me from making a serious mistake.
他的忠告使我免于犯一個嚴重的錯誤。
[例句探源]
9．All possible means ________.However，nothing can________him dying of lung cancer.
A．has tried；stop
B．have tried；keep
C．has been tried；prevent
D．have been tried；stop
解析：選D。前一句的主語是All possible means，means用all 修飾，看作是復數(shù)，后面的謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式并且用被動語態(tài)；后一句是“阻止某人做某事”，him 后省略了from，故選D。
[即境活用]
7.cheer up (使)高興；使振奮；感到振奮
(回歸課本P31)I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.
我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著(身后的)地球越來越小，而(前方的)月球越來越大。
[歸納拓展]
①(牛津P327)Give Mary a call; she needs cheering up.
給瑪麗打個電話，她需要人安慰。
②The good news cheered (up) everybody who heard it.
喜訊使每一個聽到的人感到高興。
③The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang.
看到劉翔后，人群熱烈歡呼起來。
④They do this in order to encourage crowds to cheer their sports teams.
她們這樣做是為了鼓勵人們?yōu)樗齻兊那蜿牸佑汀?/p>
[例句探源]
10．-I’m thinking of the test tomorrow.I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
-________！I’m sure you’ll make it.
A．Go ahead B．Good luck
C．No problem D．Cheer up
解析：選D。句意：--我正在考慮明天考試的問題，恐怕這次我會不及格。--振作起來！我相信你會通過的。根據(jù)上下文只有Cheer up “振作起來”符合題意，而Go ahead繼續(xù)；Good luck好運氣；No problem沒問題，均不符合題意。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 “...walking does need a bit of practice now_that gravity has changed.”(P31)
“……既然重力改變了，走路也確實需要練一練了。”
【句法分析】 now that由于；既然，引導原因狀語從句，有時that 可以省略。
①Now that you have finished your work，you’d better have a rest.
既然你的工作已經(jīng)做完了，最好休息一下吧。
②Now (that) the weather is fine，let’s go for a ride.
既然天氣那么好，我們開車去兜風吧。
③Now you have grown up，you can make up your mind by yourself.你已長大了，可以自己做決定了。
[易混辨析]
because，since，as，for，now that
(1)because語氣最強，一般指事情發(fā)生的直接原因，回答提問時，一般放在主句之后。
(2)since語氣較弱，指雙方都明確的原因或眾所周知的原因，側(cè)重主句，從句表示顯然的或已知的理由。
(3)as語氣比because弱，所引導的從句表示的是顯而易見的原因和理由，從句一般放在主句前。
(4)for是并列連詞，表示推斷的原因，或?qū)η耙环志溲a充說明理由。for表示這一用法時需放在兩句之間。
①He was absent from the meeting because he was ill yesterday.
②Since you can’t answer the question，I’ll ask someone else.
③As there was no answer，we wrote him again.
④It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.
[即境活用]
11．________you’ve got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.
A．Now that B．After
C．Although D．As soon as
解析：選A。句意：既然你得到了一次機會，不妨充分利用它。
12．-Did you return Fred’s call?
-I didn’t need to________I’ll see him tomorrow.
A．though B．unless
C．when D．because
解析：選D。根據(jù)語意看，后面的句子表示“沒有必要的原因”，所以用because。
2【教材原句】 But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(P31)
而當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
【句法分析】 倍數(shù)的表達方式。
(1)“A＋倍數(shù)＋形容詞或副詞的比較級＋than＋B”，表示“A比B大(長、高、寬等)多少倍”。
(2)“A＋倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞或副詞的原級＋as＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。
(3)“A＋倍數(shù)＋the size/height/length/width，etc.＋of＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。
(4)A＋倍數(shù)＋what從句。
①There are five times more books in our library than in yours.
我們圖書館里的書比你們圖書館里的書多五倍。
②Our city has experienced twice as much rain this year as it did last year.
我們的城市今年的降雨量是去年的兩倍。
③My house is twice the size of my parents’．
我的房子是我父母的兩倍大。
④The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.
現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是10年前的3倍。
[即境活用]
13．(2009年高考遼寧卷)Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s，but it cost________ his.
A．a(chǎn)s much twice as B．twice as much as
C．much as twice as D．a(chǎn)s twice much as
解析：選B。句意：彼得的夾克衫看起來與杰克的一樣，但是卻是他的價錢的兩倍。考查倍數(shù)句型“倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as...”。
14．Ten years ago the population of our village was ________that of theirs.
A．a(chǎn)s twice large as B．twice as large as
C．twice as much as D．a(chǎn)s twice much as
解析：選B。句意：十年前我們村的人口是他們村的兩倍。population往往與large或small搭配，且形容詞比較級的結(jié)構(gòu)之一為：倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞原級＋as...。
（小周）