核心詞匯
1．The firemen____________(營救)three women from the burning house.
2．He couldn’t help____________(爆發)into tears when he saw his mother again.
3．Unluckily，the house that we talked about is in____________(廢墟)．
4. The soldiers____________(使陷入困境)their enemies and forced them to give in.
5．I find it hard to____________(判斷)how the election will go.
6．On arriving there，we expressed our____________(祝賀)to him on his success.
7．We were____________(震驚)at their terrible working conditions.
8．The umbrella is a poor____________(避身處)from heavy rain.
9．Thousands of people died in the earthquake，and many children became homeless because of the natural____________(災難)．
10．On seeing the ____________ scene，the little girl was so ____________ that she burst out crying.(frighten)
11．Mr.Wang couldn’t____________himself clearly when he heard the news，but I could tell from his____________that he was very upset.(express)
12．____________from what he said just now，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often tells a lie，so we should not ____________a man by his appearance.(judge)
1.rescued 2.bursting 3.ruins 4.trapped 5.judge 6.congratulations 7.shocked 8.shelter 9.disaster 10.frightening；frightened 11.express；expression,12.Judging；judge
高頻短語
1．________________ 立刻；馬上
2．________________ 好像；仿佛
3．________________ 結束；終結
4．________________ 嚴重受損；破敗不堪
5．________________ 掘出；發現
6．________________ 許多；大量的
7．________________ 刮走
8．________________ 代替；而不是
9．________________ 陷入
10．________________ 埋頭于
1.right away 2.as if 3.at an end 4.in ruins 5.dig out 6.a(great)number of 7.blow away 8.instead of 9.be trapped in 10.be buried in
重點句式
1．________________the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
2．Thousands of families were killed and many children________________.
成千上萬的家庭被毀，許多孩子成了孤兒。
3．____________people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
死傷人數達到40多萬。
4．____________they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
人們無論朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。
5．____________hope was____________lost.
不是所有的希望都破滅了。
6．The army organized teams to____________were trapped and to bury__________.
解放軍組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，并將死者掩埋。
知識詳解
1.It seemed as if 2.were left without parents 3.The number of 4.Everywhere 5.All；not 6.dig out those who；the dead
1.burst vt.& vi. (使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現；爆發 n． 突然破裂；爆發
(回歸課本P26)In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市內，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來。
12
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P261)He felt he would burst with anger and shame.
他惱羞成怒，都要氣炸了。
②(牛津P261)Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防隊員撞開門，把他們救了出來。
③Scarcely had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she burst out crying/burst into tears.
她一聽到邁克爾杰克遜死亡的消息，就失聲痛哭起來。
[即境活用]
1．完成句子
(1)他沒敲門就闖進房間。
He ________ ________ ________ ________without knocking at the door.
答案：burst into the room
(2)我走了進去，所有的人都突然放聲大笑起來。
I walked in and everyone________ ________ ________.
答案：burst out laughing
2.injure vt. 損害；傷害
(回歸課本P26)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
他們中有2/3在地震中傷亡。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P1065)Two men were severely injured trying to save a 5yearold girl from a pit bull.
兩名男子奮力從比特犬嘴下救出一名五歲小女孩時身受重傷。
②Your words may injure her pride.
你的話也許會傷她的自尊。
③The injured were sent to hospital right away.
傷員被立即送往醫院。
[易混辨析]
wound，injure，hurt，harm
(1)wound一般指外傷，如槍傷、刀傷，尤指戰爭、戰斗中受傷。
(2)injure一般指由于意外或事故造成的損傷，其賓語常為健康、成就、容貌等，強調功能的損失。
(3)hurt可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害，特指伴有疼痛的肉體上的傷害；作不及物動詞時，是“痛”的意思。
(4)harm用于肉體或精神上的傷害均可，有時可指引起不安或不便。
①About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.
②One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.
③What really hurt me was that he never answered my letters.
④Don’t harm your eyes by reading in dim light.
[高效記憶]
[即境活用]
2．Unfortunately，at least 20 miners were killed,22________and 13 ________ in the coal mine gas explosion.
A．injuring；trapping
B．injured；trapped
C．injured；trapping
D．injuring；trapped
解析：選B。考查省略和被動語態。miners與injure和trap之間都是被動關系，所以句子要用被動語態。該句是一個省略句，補充完整為：Unfortunately，at least...,22 miners were injured and 13 miners were trapped in the...。句意：不幸的是，在這起煤礦瓦斯爆炸中，至少有20人死亡，22人受傷，13人被困。
3.ruin n．[U] 毀壞；毀滅；崩潰 n．[C](pl.) 廢墟；遺跡 v． (使)破產；(使)墮落；毀滅
(回歸課本P26)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
在可怕的15秒內，一座大城市就成為一片廢墟。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1747)That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
正是這個錯誤斷送了他得到那份工作的機會。
②(牛津P1747)Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.
經年的戰事已經使得這個地區滿目瘡痍。
③The war brought the country to ruin.
戰爭毀滅了這個國家。
[即境活用]
3．It rained for two weeks on end，completely________our holiday.
A．ruined B．to ruin
C．ruining D．was ruined
解析：選C。句意：大雨連續不停地下了兩周，完全毀了我們的假期。ruining為現在分詞作狀
語，表結果。
4．________is no wonder that the building is________now；it was so big a fire last night.
A．It；in ruins B．That；in ruins
C．There；in ruins D．It；in ruin
解析：選A。“It is no wonder that...”是固定句
式，表示“難怪……”；be/lay in ruins是固定短
語，意為“成為廢墟”。
4.bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸，使專心；插入，刺入
(回歸課本P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
救援部隊組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，并將死者掩埋。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P262)Their ambitions were finally dead and buried.
他們的雄心壯志最終被埋葬了。
②(牛津P262)He buried his face in his hands and wept.
他雙手掩面而泣。
③(牛津P262)Since she left，he’s buried himself in his work.
自從她走后，他全心撲在工作上。
④She had learnt to bury her feelings.
她已經學會了感情不外露。
[即境活用]
5．他埋頭學習，不知道其他人都早已離開了。
________ ________ ________ ________，he didn’t know that all the others had left.
答案：Buried/Absorbed in his study
5.judge v． 斷定；判斷；判決
n． 裁判員；法官；評判員
(回歸課本P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
五個裁判聽了你的演講，他們都同意這是今年最好的演講。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1098)Don’t judge a book by its cover.
勿以貌取人。
②(牛津P1098)Judging by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.
從她上封信看，他們過得非常愉快。
③(牛津P1098)As far as I can judge，all of them are to blame.
依我看，他們都應承擔責任。
【溫馨提示】 judging from/by表示“從……上看，根據……來判斷”，用在句首時，為一個獨立成分，不受句子主語和時態影響，只用現在分詞作狀語，而不采用過去分詞的形式。
[即境活用]
6．I haven’t read all of his books before，but________from the one I have read，I think he’s a very promising writer.
A．judged B．judging
C．determining D．determined
解析：選B。judging from...是固定短語，常在句中作狀語。不管它與主語是主動還是被動關系，都要用judging from形式。
7．I shall make my own________on this matter when I see the result.
A．justice B．judgement
C．intention D．conclusion
解析：選B。“作出判斷”用make one’s judgement。justice公正，公平；intention打算，意圖；conclusion結論，常和動詞draw，reach，arrive at，come to等搭配。
6.at an end 結束；終結
(回歸課本P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.
我到達會議室時，會議快要結束了。
②By the end of last year，he had learned two thousand English words.
到去年年底為止，他已學了2000個英語單詞。
③They decided to put an end to the quarrel.
他們決定結束爭吵。
④Being out of work and having two young children，they found it impossible to make ends meet.他們失業了，還要養活兩個小孩，他們發現無法維持起碼的生活。
[即境活用]
8．I’m sorry to say that our food is almost________.We can’t survive if there is no one to help us.
A．by the end B．at the end
C．in the end D．at an end
解析：選D。考查介詞短語辨析。by the end到……為止；at the end在……盡頭；in the end最后，終于；at an end結束，終結。句意：我很遺憾地說我們的食物快沒了。如果沒人來幫助我們，我們就無法生存了。
7.a number of 許多，大量的
(回歸課本P27)Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.
那么多的人喪生是因為地震發生時人們正在睡覺。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1367)A large number of people have applied for the job.許多人申請了這份工作。
②Helen has a great many friends indeed，but she does not think she has any she can believe in.
海倫固然有許多朋友，可是她認為沒有一個是可以信任的。
③The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.
大城市里大量豐富的食品給這個來自小山村的窮苦的女孩留下了深刻的印象。
[易混辨析]
the number of，a number of
(1)a number of...許多；大量的，后接可數名詞，在句中作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。
(2)the number of...……的數目，后接可數名詞，在句中作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
①The number of homeless people has increased dramatically.
②A number of students want to go to college when they finish middle school.
[即境活用]
9．As you can see，the number of cars on our roads________rising these days.
A．was keeping B．keep
C．keeps D．were keeping
解析：選C。句意：正如你所見，目前道路上汽車的數量在不斷增加。the number of作主語時，謂語動詞用單數，可排除B、D；再根據時間狀語these days可知描述的是現在的情況，所以選C。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26)
仿佛到了世界末日！
【句法分析】 as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”可用來引導表語從句和方式狀語從句。
如果所引導的從句表示的情況是真實的或是極有可能發生的情況時，句子要用陳述語氣；當說話人所陳述的是不真實的或極少可能發生或存在的情況時，從句用虛擬語氣。
①He kept working as if nothing had happened.
他繼續工作，仿佛什么都沒有發生似的。
②When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water，it looks as if it were broken.
當把鉛筆的一部分放進水里時，它看上去好像斷了。
③It looks as if it is going to rain.
看起來似乎要下雨。
【溫馨提示】 如果as if引導的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同，且含有be動詞，可省略主語和be動詞，這樣as if后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。
④She walked here and there on the playground as if(she was)looking for something.
她在操場上來回走，好像在找什么東西。
⑤The old man was lying on the ground as if(he was)hurt badly.老人躺在地上，好像傷得很厲害。
⑥He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他張開嘴好像要說什么。
[即境活用]
10．Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it________yesterday.
A．was happening B．happens
C．has happened D．happened
解析：選D。考查虛擬語氣。由as if引導的從句通常用虛擬語氣，再結合前面的remembers可知與現在事實相反，因此用一般過去時。故選D項。
2【教材原句】 All hope was not lost.(P26)
不是所有的希望都破滅了。
【句法分析】 (1)本句是部分否定句。當否定句中有不定代詞all，both，each和含有every的合成詞時，表部分否定。
①All my friends do not study well.＝Not all my friends study well.我的朋友并不個個都學習好。
②Everything is not right.
并非什么都好。
【溫馨提示】 凡是具有總括意義的代詞(each，everybody，everything等)、形容詞(complete，whole等)和副詞(completely，always，altogether等)與否定詞not連用，構成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示否定意義的詞與謂語一起使用就構成了全部否定。
③(2010年高考天津卷)Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次參觀故宮博物館。
④None of us was allowed to go there.
我們全都不讓去那里。
(2)be lost/gone/missing丟了，不在。
⑤With all my money lost/missing/gone，I couldn’t go home.
所有的錢都丟了，我無法回家。
⑥When he found his book gone/lost/missing，he was really upset.當他發現他的書丟了時，他的確很傷心。
[即境活用]
11．(2010年高考江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is________like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
解析：選C。句意：游泳是我最喜歡的運動。作為保持健康的方式，沒有什么能比得上游泳了。本題考查不定代詞。根據上文可知，空格處需要一個表示否定意義的詞，所以C為答案。
12．-Which of the two computer games did you prefer?
-Actually I didn’t like________.
A．both of them B．either of them
C．none of them D．neither of them
解析：選B。考查代詞。上文為two computer games，下文則講兩者都不喜歡，none表三者及三者以上，可以排除C項。not either在此等同于neither，符合語境。
13．I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with________.
A．anything B．something
C．everything D．nothing
解析：選C。everything與否定詞連用表示部分否定。
（小周）