考點7 非謂語動詞

1. I think you’ll grow him when you know him better.

A. liking B. to be like C. to like D. to be liking

2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. the answers ready will be of great help.

A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having

3. Oil prices have risen by 32% since the start of the year, a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching

4. My cousin came to see me from the country, me a full basket of fresh fruits.

A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought

5. There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

A. add B. to add C. adding D. added

6. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title __ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection.

A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given

7. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing

8. When last valuable, those books enjoyed great success.

A. finding B. found C. being found D. to be found

9. How pleased the detective was what his customer told him!

A. hearing B. to hear C. heard D. to hearing

10. - I’ll thank you my affairs alone. - I will. It is none of my business.

A. to have left B. for leaving C. to leave D. for having left

11. - Is Bob still performing?

- I’m afraid not. He is said the stage already as he has become an official.

A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

12. in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

13. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest in a year.

A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed

14. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to __ since the flood hit the area last Friday.

A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost

15. from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other county in the world.

A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated

17. AIDS is said the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.

A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been

18. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.

A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held

19. There is no doubt that hiking is good for the retired couple, but it remains whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. seen

20. - What should I do with this passage? - ________ the main idea of each paragraph.

A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out

21. in 1963, and in Philadelphia, Charles Petti grew so impressed his teachers that he was sent to Barklee School to study Jazz.

A. Being born; having raised B. Born; raised C. Was born; was raised D. Born; raising

22. - I regret you John has been fired. - I can hardly believe my ears. He is such a fine worker.

A. telling B. having told C. to tell D. to have told

23. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered at the party, but not _______.

A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave

24. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.

A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost

25. The parents suggested in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.

A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept

26. I can’t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ____ talking while she works.

A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop

27. I lost my way in complete darkness and, matters worse, it began to rain.

A. made B. having made C. making D. to make

28. The result was not made until last Sunday.

A. to know B. knowing C. known D. to be known

29. When he got off the bus, he found his pocket .

A. stolen B. picked C. gone D. missing

30. I really can’t understand her like that.

A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating

31. While watching television, .

A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rang

32. When _________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared

33. Faced with a bill for $ 10,000, ___________.

A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job

C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John

34. A remote-controlled bomb explored outside a hotel yesterday, at least 12 people.

A. having been injured B. having injured C. injuring D. injured

35. in the USA, Louis has now become the 24th largest city.

A. Being the fourth biggest city B. Once the fourth biggest city

C. It was once the forth biggest city D. The forth biggest city it was

36. a reply, he decided to write again.

A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received

37. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

38. The storm left, a lot of damage to this area.

A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused

39. I’ve never seen anyone run so fast -- _ David go.

A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched

40. - English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

- Yes. more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known

41. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared

C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing

42. If the project by the end of this year is delayed, the construction will be fined.

A. to be completed B. is completed C. being completing D. completed

43. - We do hope we can be of some help, doctor.

- That’s great! blood if you can and many lives will be saved.

A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given

44. How many of us , say, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion.

A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended

45. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, away.

A. run B. running C. to run D. ran

46. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports stars.

A. had B. having C. to have D. have

47. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.

A. sitting B. having at C. to sit D. sat

48. into use in April 2000, the hotline has meant for residents reporting water and heating sup ply breakdowns.

A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put

49. more about university courses, call ( 920 ) 746 - 3789.

A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out

50. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

51. I don’t want like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.

A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded

52. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise .

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

53. and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.

A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure

C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure

54. The manager, it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.

A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making

55. All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.

A. in order to have received B. in order to receive

C. so as to be received D. so as to receive

56. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, fun.

A. had B. have C. to have D. having

57. He hurried to the station only that the train had left.

A. to have found B. finding C. found D. to find

58. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.

A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken

59. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left .

A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied

60. Don’t respond to any e – mails __ __ personal information, no matter how official they look.

A. searching B. asking C. requesting D. questioning

61. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16 -year- old boy, saying that he was not the one .

A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed

62. It remains whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.

A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see

63. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.

A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover

64. As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting _ .

A. to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using

65. He hurried to the booking office only __ that all the tickets had been sold out.

A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

66. There was a terrible noise the sudden bursts of light.

A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed

67. football on the playground, the boys felt very happy.

A. Leaving playing B. Left to play C. Left playing D. To leave playing

68. Rather than for help from someone else, how ever difficult the task is, I prefer completing it by my self.

A. to ask B. asking C. ask D. to have asked

69. Which do you enjoy your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park?

A. spending B. to spend C. having spent D. to have spent

70. - My son failed to be accepted by the firm after the interview.

- Now that he wasn’t well prepared, he might as well .

A. not try B. not to have tried C. not have tried D. not to try

71. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before .

A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting

72. I must apologize for ahead of time.

A. 1etting you not to know B. not letting you know

C. 1etting you know not D. 1etting you not know

73. To read aloud the English text before breakfast seemed to me a rule .

A. to never break B. never to be breaking

C. never to have broken D. never to be broken

考點小資料（非謂語動詞）

I. 介詞后的動詞不定式只限于作介詞except和but的賓語，此時except / but意為“除了，除去”。

cannot help(choose) but + 動詞原形：……不能不……； do nothing but + 動詞原形：只做……

There is nothing to do but + 動詞原形：……只有做……；have no choice but to do：只有做……

The last bus having gone，I could do nothing but go home on foot．(省略 to)

I cannot choose lint tell him the truth．(省略to) / She could do nothing but leave．(省略拋)

I have no choice but to cry．(不能省略to)

II. 不定式作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關系或動賓關系。如果作定語的不定式是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是其動作的地點、工具等，不定式后須有相應的。介詞。但名詞way除外。如：He is not a man to tell lies．(主謂關系)

The boy has a nice pen to write with． / We found a way to solve this problem(in)．

通常使用不定式作定語的情況有：(1)不定式表示將來；(2)用來修飾被序數詞、最高級或no， all，any等限定詞的中心詞。(3)用來修飾一些抽象名詞，常見的有：ability，disability，chance，idea， fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，be her，way，reason，time等。如：During my holiday I burrowed some books to read．(表將來) / She Was the first woman to Will the gold medal in the Olympic Games．(有序數詞修飾) / I have no chance to escape．(修飾抽象名詞) / Do you have the ability to read French?(修飾抽象名詞)

III. 不定式作狀語時可以表示目的、原因、結果。表示目的時可用in order to，so as to換用。如：

He sat down to have a rest．(表目的) / He woke up to find everybody gone．(表結果)

I’m very pleased to hear from him．(表原因，主要是表示喜、怒、哀、樂)

He Was too excited to say a word．(表程度) / He is old enough to go to school．(表程度)

◆過去分詞、不定式和現在分詞的被動式作定語的區別：

這三種形式作定語，主要是體現在動作發生的時間上的區別。過去分詞表示的動作或是在謂語所表示的動作之前或是沒有一定的時間性；現在分詞的被動式作定語時表示的動作正在發生或是與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生；不定式的被動式作定語時，表示一個未來的動作。如：

The bridge to be built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(將要修建的)

The bridge being built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(正在修建的)

The bridge built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(已經修建了的)"

Have you read the novel written by Dickens?(在謂語之前)

He is a teacher loved and respected by all students．(沒有時間性) Listen! The song sung is very popular with the young men．(表正在) / The question to be discussed … is very important．(表將來)

在英語中，表示“感覺狀態”的動詞現在分詞和過去分詞形式作表語和定語時，現在分詞表示“令人感到……”，指主語或被修飾的詞給人的感覺；過去分詞表示“感到……”，指主語或被修飾的詞本身的感覺。如：interesting令人感興趣的；interested感到有興趣的

◆過去分詞、不定式和現在分詞作賓語補足語的區別：

i. 感官動詞(see，look at，watch，notice，observe，hear，listen to，feel)和使役動詞(have，let， make)后的賓補有三種形式，即原形動詞(不帶to的不定式)，現在分詞和過去分詞。現在分詞表示主動和正在進行，過去分詞表示被動完成，不定式表示主動和完成。注意：make不能接現在分詞作賓補。如：I heard her sing a Chinese song jut now．(表示主動，完成)

I heard her singing a Chinese song when I passed her room last night．(表示正在進行)

I heard the Chinese song sung many times．(表示被動)

The captain got/have the soldiers moving to- ward the front after a shout rest．(不能用make)

注意：不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補表示完成和狀態。如：

I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone．(表示狀態)

I Was surprised to find my hometown changed a lot．(表示完成)

ii. 動詞leave后接三種形式作賓補時，表達的具體含義是“使……處于某種狀態”。如：It is wrong for you to leave the machine running．(主動，正在進行)

The guests left most of the dishes untouched。(被動，完成)

My workmate left, leaving me to do all the rest work．(主動，將來)

My workmate left．1eaving all the rest work to be done．(被動，將來)

◆過去分詞和現在分詞作狀語的區別：

i. 一般來說，過去分詞表示被動完成的動作，現在分詞表示主動進行的動作。如：

Seen from a distance the mountain looked like a man．

Seeing the mountain，he always thinks of his hometown．

ii. 現在分詞的被動一般式表示正在進行的被動動作，過去分詞表示被動完成的動作。如： Being helped by the teacher，she will learn English well．

Helped by the teacher, she has learned English well.

iii. 現在分詞的被動完成式表示先于謂語動詞發生的動作，過去分詞所表示的動作，有時發生在謂語動詞之前，有時與謂語動詞同時發生，有時表示未來的被動動作或狀態。如：

Having been used for a long time, the watch needs to be mended.

Used in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.

Given more time, we will finish the work perfectly.

◆垂懸分詞作狀語：垂懸分詞是現在分詞一種特殊用法，其邏輯主語是句子非主語部分中指人或物的某一名詞或代詞，或泛指“我們”。如：Searching along the street，it had taken him a long time to find a clinic．(searching的邏輯主語是句中him所指的人)

Walking or sleeping，this subject is always in my mind．(walking or sleeping的邏輯主語是句中my所指的“我”)

Using the electric energy，it is necessary to change its form．(using的邏輯主語泛指“我們”)

IV. 非謂語動詞作賓語補足語

i. 感官動詞后的賓補可以是doing，do，done，being done的結構，其中being done只用于少數動詞后面，如 find，smell，feel等。

ii. have somebody do something讓某人做某事 / have somebody doing something讓某人一直做某事 / won’t have somebody do something不許某人做某事 / have something done使某事被做 / have something doing讓……一直做……

iii. catch，smell，keep，set等只能接doing的結構，表示主動和正在進行。

iv. leave somebody doing something讓某人一直做某事

leave something undone使某事只做了一半

leave something to be done事情有待于解決

leave somebody to do something讓某人做某事，表示將來

v. with somebody to do something賓補與賓語是主謂關系，表示將來。

with somebody doing something賓補與賓語之間是主謂關系，表示正在進行。

with something to do賓補與賓語間是動賓關系，表示將來，動作執行者在句中找得到。

with something to be done賓補與賓語是動賓關系，表示將來，但動作執行者在句中找不到。

with something done賓補與賓語之間是動賓關系，表示完成。

責任編輯：李芳芳