一、單元考點(diǎn)提示
1、單詞
A as,at/in/on,like,president,news,death,consider
B tired,well,consider,suggest,need,worry,stop,interest,
不定代詞的修飾語(yǔ)
2、短語(yǔ)
A fight against,used to,no more than,become interested in,be against,set up,of one’s own,be free to do sth.,break away from,break out,join up,call for,for the second time
B get along/get along with,be kind to,make fun of,anything else,tell a lie,at all，形容詞比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)含義
3、句型結(jié)構(gòu)
1.so+adj.(adv.)
2.so+adj.+a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
3.so+adj.(少數(shù)表示量的形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（或不可數(shù)名詞）
4.spend time/money on sth.
5.spend time in doing sth.
6.seem為連系動(dòng)詞，其基本句型和用法
二、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展
I.單詞和詞組
1、break 小結(jié)
break 一詞常用搭配有：
（1）break out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、爭(zhēng)吵、瘟疫等)爆發(fā)
A big fire broke out in the city last week.
(2)break away from 脫離
A carriage(車廂)broke away from the train.
(3)break the law 違反法律
Who breaks the law will be punished by the law.
(4)break in 破門而入；打斷
He broke in to say that he was not interested in what I was talking about.
(5)break down 損壞；中斷
Her fridge has broken down for a long time.
(6)break off 打斷；結(jié)束；暫停
They were arguing(爭(zhēng)論)but broke off when someone came into the room.
(7)break into闖入；侵入
Thieves broke into my house when I was out.
2.consider用法小結(jié)
consider是個(gè)很常用的動(dòng)詞，其意義不同，句型結(jié)構(gòu)也不同。我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)中要特別注意。
（1）作“仔細(xì)考慮、深思熟慮”解，consider可作不及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞。
作及動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式，但可以接疑問(wèn)詞+不定式，相當(dāng)于賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：
Consider carefully before you decide.
你要慎重考慮后再做決定。
They considered your suggestion.他們仔細(xì)考慮了你的建議。
He is considering studying abroad.他在考慮出國(guó)留學(xué)。
We are considering how to help them.我們?cè)诳紤]如何幫助他們。
（2）作“將……視為、認(rèn)為、以為”解。
①可用consider+名詞+（to be）名詞（形容詞）或consider+名詞+as+名詞（形容詞）結(jié)構(gòu)，但當(dāng)不定式為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不能省略，不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。這樣用時(shí)相當(dāng)于that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：
He considers himself(to be)clever(=as clever).=He considers that he is clever.他認(rèn)為自己很聰明。
I consider him(to be)my closest friend(as my closest friend).=I consider(that)he is my closest friend.我把他視為我最親密的朋友。
He is considered to have invented the first computer.他被認(rèn)為是最早發(fā)明計(jì)算機(jī)的人。
②還可用于consider+it(形式賓語(yǔ))+形容詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
I consider it wrong for students to smoke.我認(rèn)為學(xué)生抽煙是不對(duì)的。
3.fight against;fight for
fight with,fight against意為“為反對(duì)……而戰(zhàn)、與……作斗爭(zhēng)”,against 后面接的是反對(duì)的對(duì)象，如：
They are fighting against their enemy.他們?cè)谂c敵人作戰(zhàn)。
Political leaders fought against slavery.政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們?yōu)榱朔磳?duì)奴隸制度而斗爭(zhēng)。
fight for 意為“為爭(zhēng)取……而斗爭(zhēng)、因?yàn)椤蚣堋薄Ｈ纾?/p>
Two dogs fight for a bone,and a third runs away with it.兩只狗為搶一塊骨頭而打架，另一只狗把骨頭叼走了。
fight with意為“同……（一起并肩）作戰(zhàn)、與……作戰(zhàn)”，它含有兩重意思，試比較：
They fought with the Italian in the last war.他們?cè)谧詈蟮倪@次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中是與意大利人作戰(zhàn)。
They fought with the Italian against France in that war.在那次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，他們和意大利聯(lián)合作戰(zhàn)反對(duì)法國(guó)。
4.no more than;not more than;no more...than;not more...than
no more than 意為“僅僅、只不過(guò)”，相當(dāng)于only。它與數(shù)字連用時(shí)，意為“僅僅至多”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”，帶有說(shuō)話者的感情色彩。如：
I am no more than a teacher.我只是個(gè)教師而已。
There were no more than two hospitals in this city before liberation.解放前，這座城市里只有兩家醫(yī)院（表示很少）
not more than 后面接數(shù)詞時(shí)，表示“不超過(guò)、最多”的意思。用來(lái)說(shuō)明情況，并含有“少”之意，也不帶有說(shuō)話者的主觀色彩。如：
There are not more than ten minutes left.最多只剩下10分鐘了。（表示客觀事實(shí)）
“no more+形容詞（副詞）原級(jí)+than”意為“兩者同樣不”，前面和后面同時(shí)否定，帶有感情色彩。如:
This tool is no more useful than that one.
這件工具與那件工具一樣沒有用。（兩者都沒有用）
“not more+形容詞（副詞）原級(jí)＋than”意為“Ａ不比Ｂ更……”。這是比較級(jí)的正規(guī)用法，表示比較的事實(shí)，兩者都肯定。如：
Ｔhis tool is not more useful than one.這樣工具不及那件工具有用。（兩者都有用）
５.shoot sb./sth;shoot at sb./sth.
在shoot sb./sth.中，shoot為及物動(dòng)詞，除了shoot the arrow(射箭)外，其賓語(yǔ)多為射擊的對(duì)象，即人或動(dòng)物等。Shoot意為“打中、打死、槍決”。而在shoot at sb./sth.中，shoot為不及物動(dòng)詞,at表示動(dòng)作的方向或目標(biāo)，打中與否不得而知。試比較：
Ｈe shoot the bear.他打中了那只熊。
Ｈe shoot at the bear.他朝那只熊射擊。
三者均有“最后、終于”的含義。
finally常用于動(dòng)詞之前，表示人們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)期待的某事最后實(shí)現(xiàn)了，也可指一系列事物或論點(diǎn)的順序。例如：
Ａfter putting it off three times,we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.經(jīng)過(guò)三次延期之后,我們終于在希臘度了一次假。
Ｔhey talked about it for hours.Finally,they decided not to go.他們談?wù)摿藥讉�(gè)小時(shí)，最后決定不去。
at last 有時(shí)可與finally互換，但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)烈。例如：
When at last they found him, he was almost dead.當(dāng)人們最終找到他時(shí)，他已經(jīng)奄奄一息了。
James has passed his exams at last.詹姆斯終于通過(guò)了考試。
in the end指經(jīng)過(guò)許多變化、困難的捉摸不定的情況之后，某事才發(fā)生。例如：
We made five different plans for our holiday, but in the end we had a summer camp again.我們制訂了五種不同的度假方案，但最后我們還是選定了再來(lái)一次夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)。
7.when,where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系副詞when和where用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，分別在從句中作時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。學(xué)習(xí)和使用關(guān)系副詞when和 where時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下要點(diǎn)。
（1）關(guān)系副詞 when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系副詞where在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；
他們分別替代前面表時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的先行詞，因此定語(yǔ)從句中不能再出現(xiàn)先行語(yǔ)所表示的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，否則會(huì)犯語(yǔ)義重復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤；同時(shí) when和where不能省略。例如：
It’s about a time when there were black slaves in North America.他描述的是那樣一個(gè)時(shí)期，在那時(shí)美國(guó)北方還有黑奴存在。
The planet where we live looks a big round blue ball from space.我們所生活的這個(gè)星球，從太空上看就像一個(gè)很大的藍(lán)色圓球。
（2）通常可用“介詞+which”的形式來(lái)替代when或where.當(dāng)介詞未直接置于引導(dǎo)詞前時(shí)，也可用關(guān)系代詞that替代which。例如：
It also keeps a record of the date on which/when they will travel.它（計(jì)算機(jī)）還把他們旅行的日期也記錄下來(lái)。
They were held in Greece-the counrty in which/where the games were born.它們（第一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)）是在奧運(yùn)會(huì)的發(fā)源地希臘舉行的。
但有時(shí)when, where不能或不宜與“介詞+which”互換。例如：
The temperature at which ice changes into water is zero degree centigrade.(at which不能換用where)冰變成水的溫度是攝氏零度。
You may come any time when you are convenient.（when不宜換用at/on/in which等，因這里any time所表示的時(shí)間概念不明確）你可以在方便的任何時(shí)候來(lái)。
（3）when,where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，when和where在意義上是先行詞的同位語(yǔ)，即他們表示的是同一概念；而引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，他們與其前面的名詞之前沒有這種關(guān)系，因此這時(shí)的when和where不能換成“介詞+which”。例如：
Please make notes where you don’t understand.（狀語(yǔ)從句）請(qǐng)?jiān)谀悴欢牡胤阶錾嫌浱?hào)。
I’ll always think of those terrible days when I come back to the city.(狀語(yǔ)從句)每當(dāng)我回到這個(gè)城市，總會(huì)想起那些可怕的日子。
（4）當(dāng)先行詞是表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，要根據(jù)他們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謥?lái)確定引導(dǎo)詞該用when,where還是which或that.
先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用when或where,作主、賓、表語(yǔ)時(shí)則要用which或that.請(qǐng)看下面的比例句：
Tibet is a place where generations of Tibetan people have been living.(作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))西藏是藏族人民世代居住的地方。
Tibet is a beautiful and mystical place which people from all of the world look forward to visiting.（作賓語(yǔ)）西藏是一個(gè)美麗而神奇的地方，全世界的人都盼望去看看。
Galileo lived at a time the human spirit was walking after a thousand years of sheep.(作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))伽利略生活的時(shí)代是人類靈魂經(jīng)過(guò)了千年之后正在蘇醒的時(shí)代。
3．used to ;would; be used to
(1)used to 表示“過(guò)去慣常”，但“現(xiàn)在不做了”，指過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)，to 為不定式符號(hào)，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。有兩點(diǎn)須注意：
①否定式。used to do sth.的否定式有兩種形式：
used not (usedn’t)to do sth.
didn’t use to do sth.例如：
He didn’t use to (usedn’t to)like country music,but now
he is getting interested.
②疑問(wèn)式。used to do sth.的疑問(wèn)式也有兩種形式。其簡(jiǎn)短回答中的to通常不予省略，但動(dòng)詞原形常被省略。
Did + sb.(主語(yǔ))+ use to do sth.?
Used + sb.(主語(yǔ))+ to do sth.?
Did he use to play basketball?
Used he to play basketball?
(2)would(可以)是will的過(guò)去式，也可表示習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。
①would用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的基本形式是：would+動(dòng)詞原形，在英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)，would可換做should，第二、三人稱用would。
I thought I would make lots of new friends.我曾認(rèn)為我會(huì)交上許多新朋友。
②would表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作。
“would + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，與used to 同義，但與used to 有別。Used to do表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，同時(shí)隱含有“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有所改變”的意思，而“would+do sth.” 可以用來(lái)表示“過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生”，但不表示“過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)”。
She used to say“No pains,no gains”。
她過(guò)去常說(shuō)：“不勞而獲”。（used to可以換為would）
I used to live in the countryside.我過(guò)去住在農(nóng)村。（此句的used to不可用would換用）
（3）be used to具有雙重含義：
①be used to是use sth.to do sth的被動(dòng)形式，意為“被用來(lái)干某事”，to為不定式符號(hào)。例如:Rice may be used to make wine.
②be used to表示“習(xí)慣于……，”be可以換為get或become,表示“開始、變得習(xí)慣于……”，to 為介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如：
I’m used to English food.
4.pattern;model;example
pattern“型、式樣、圖樣”可指供模仿的某物原型或精心設(shè)計(jì)出的圖樣或模型，也可指榜樣。如：
Can you use the sentence pattern?他會(huì)用這個(gè)句型嗎？
She is a pattern for us.她是我們學(xué)習(xí)的典范。
model“模型、模范”，指供模仿或值得信效的人或物。如：
Have you seen his model ship?你看見過(guò)他的船模嗎？
example “例子、榜樣”,主要指人及其行為和活動(dòng)被他人信效。如：
Example is better than precept.身教重于言教。
5．Recently;lately
兩者均可表示“近來(lái)、最近”，但用法不同。
recently 是書面語(yǔ)，常被quite,just,but, very,only等詞所修飾，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。主要用于肯定句中。如:
He’s only recently begun billogy. 他只是最近才開始學(xué)生物。
I didn’t know it until quite recently.我一直到最近才知道。
Lately常用于口語(yǔ)，指與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的一段時(shí)間，常見于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。如：
I haven’t seen him lately.我近來(lái)沒有看到他。
6．reply;answer
reply和answer均可解作“回答、答道”，但用法有別。reply用做不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用reply to sb./sth.;作及物動(dòng)詞后跟直接引語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)從句，但不能直接跟人或物作賓語(yǔ)。如：
Please reply to my question.請(qǐng)回答我的問(wèn)題。
He replied that he knew the news.他回答說(shuō)他知道這消息。
answer 用作及物動(dòng)詞，可直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，而reply應(yīng)加to才可接名詞或代詞。如：
He answered the examination paper quite well.他考卷答得很好。
fail to reply to a question/letter未能回答問(wèn)題/回信
7.because;because of
二者均表示“因?yàn)椤保瑓^(qū)別是：
because是從屬連詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；而because of是一個(gè)合成介詞，其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或what從句組成介詞短語(yǔ)。如:
I went back not because of the rain,but because I was tired.我回去不是因?yàn)橄掠辏且驗(yàn)槲依哿恕?/p>
Her face turned red because of what he said.他的話使她臉紅了。
8.suggest+賓語(yǔ)從句
suggest 在此意為“建議”，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：should do或do,否定形式為：should not do或not do.如：
I suggested that LiMing (should)be sent to the south.
我建議把李明派往南方。
I suggested that he (should)not do it today.我建議他今天先不要做。
suggest只有作“建議”解時(shí)，后面才可以跟“should(not)+動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，當(dāng)suggest作“表明”解時(shí)不可以用此結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
His smile suggested that he was quite satisfied with our work.他的微笑表示他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意。
同時(shí)，即使是suggest作“建議”解，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)也可以用其他形式。
I suggest that you don’t ask him home for the vacation.我建議你假期不要邀他回家去。（句中用don’t ask,而沒有用should not ask或not ask）
I suggest that Robert might go to Beijing and have a talk with Mr Wu.我建議羅伯特去北京同吳先生談一談。（句中用might go而沒有用should go 或go）
9.like 用法小結(jié)
（1）like 用做動(dòng)詞（及物）通常表示一般的“喜歡”，為口語(yǔ)用詞，詞意沒有l(wèi)ove感情強(qiáng)烈，反義詞為hate。
①like + n.(pron.)
Does Li Ming like bananas？李明喜歡吃香蕉嗎？
Do you like it?你喜歡它嗎？
②like + v.-ing(動(dòng)名詞)
Do you like working in China?你喜歡在中國(guó)工作嗎？
③like + to + v.(不定式)
I like to keep busy.我喜歡生活得緊張。
④would like(=would love)后接名詞、代詞或不定式，多用于有禮貌地提出要求，意為“想要、愿意”。
Would you like something to drink?你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎？
I’d like two sweaters for my daughter.我要給我女兒買兩件運(yùn)動(dòng)衫。
Would you like to come?你愿意來(lái)嗎？
⑤How do you like...?(=What do you think of...?)此句型用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方對(duì)某人（物）的看法，意為“你覺得 ……怎么樣？”
How do you like China?你覺得中國(guó)怎么樣？
(2)like 用做介詞，意為“像……一樣”，反義詞為unlike。
①like 后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
Don’t throw it like that .別那樣扔它。
They’re round,like the moon.它們是圓的，像月亮一樣。
Walking on the moon is just like flying .在月球上行走就像飛一樣。
②look like意為“看起來(lái)像……一樣”。
It looks like a chicken.它看起來(lái)像一只雞。
③feel like+v-ing意為“想……”。
I had a little,but I don’t feel like eating.我吃了一點(diǎn)，可我不想吃。
④What’s the weather like...?(=How’s the weather like...?)此句型用來(lái)詢問(wèn)天氣情況，意為“……天氣怎么樣？”。
What’s the weather like in Australia now?現(xiàn)在澳大利亞天氣情況怎么樣？
II 句型
1.As a child….:As/When he was a child…，小的時(shí)候，該句型中的as為連詞，意為“在……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)從句與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句謂語(yǔ)為be時(shí)，可將從句主語(yǔ)及be省略。
①Even as(he was)a student,Professor Smith showed great interest in maths.甚至上學(xué)的時(shí)候，史密斯教授對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)就很感興趣。
②As(he was)a boy,he liked playing table tennis with the grown-ups.小時(shí)候，他就喜歡和大人們打乒乓球。
2.(1)used to do sth.過(guò)去（常常）做某事。意謂著“現(xiàn)在不做了”。
①As a boy,I used to swim in this river.小時(shí)候常在這條河里游泳。
②He used to come to see me once a month.他過(guò)去每月來(lái)看我一次。
（2）be/get used to sth./doing sth. 習(xí)慣于（做）某事。
①I’m used to the life/living here now.現(xiàn)在我習(xí)慣了這里的生活/生活在這里。
②He used to get up very late,but now he is used to getting up very early.他過(guò)去常起床很晚，但現(xiàn)在已習(xí)慣了早起了。
（3）be used to do sth.被用來(lái)做某事。
Bamboo can be used to make paper.竹子能用來(lái)造紙。
3.do all sb.can to do sth.:do what sb.can to do sth.盡某人的所能做某事
all 后面為that 所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)已被省略；can后面為避免重復(fù)省略了do;后面的to do sth.為不定式（短語(yǔ)）作目的狀語(yǔ)。all(that)sb.can(do)相當(dāng)于賓語(yǔ)從句what sb.can(do)。
①I’ll do all I can to help you.我將盡力幫助你。
②He did all he could to improve his spoken English. 他盡了最大努力來(lái)提高英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)水平。
4.no more than:only僅僅；只有。具有感情色彩，強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”。與no less than 相對(duì)。
Not more than:less than;at most不到；至多。說(shuō)明客觀事實(shí)。與not less than相對(duì)。
①He has no more than 20 yuan.他只有20元錢。（強(qiáng)調(diào)錢“少”）
He has not more than 20 yuan.他有不到20元錢。（說(shuō)明客觀事實(shí)）
②No less than 50 people attended the meeting.參加會(huì)議的人不少于50多個(gè)。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“多”）
Not less than 50 people attended the meeting.參加會(huì)議的有50多人。（說(shuō)明客觀事實(shí)）
注意：no用于比較級(jí)之前總含有感情色彩；not用來(lái)否定比較級(jí)則只說(shuō)明客觀事實(shí)。
①you are no taller than I.你并不比我高。（我們兩人都矮）
you are not taller than I.你不如我高。
②This question is no more diffcult than that one.這個(gè)問(wèn)題并水比那個(gè)（容易的）問(wèn)題難。
This question is not more diffcult than that one.這個(gè)問(wèn)題不如那個(gè)問(wèn)題難。
5.In 1860,Abraham Lincoln was elected president….1860年林肯被選為總統(tǒng)。
president/chairman/head/captain/director/mornitor等表示頭銜、職位的名詞，在用作同位語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面通常不加冠詞。
6.suggest vt.建議；提議。有三種常用句式（但不能說(shuō)suggest sb.to do sth.）。
（1）suggest sth.
①Who suggested the plan?誰(shuí)提出的這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃？
②She suggested Shanghai for their meeting.他提議在上海會(huì)面。
（2）suggest doing sth.（不能接不定式）
①He suggested going for a swim in the river after lunch.他提議午飯后去河里游泳。
②I suggest talking with him as soon as possible.我建議盡快和他談。
（3）suggest than……此時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)用“should+原形”，should可以省略。
①I suggested (that)Jane(should)start at once.我建議簡(jiǎn)馬上出發(fā)。
②I suggested Jack not wear the sweater.我建議杰克不要穿背心。
③We suggested he be punished.我們提議懲罰他。
注意：suggest當(dāng)“表明;暗示”講時(shí)后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
①The smile on her face suggested she was very happy.臉上的微笑說(shuō)明她很高興。
②His silence suggested that he didn’t agree with us.沉默不語(yǔ)表明他不同意我們的意見。
7.向別人提建議時(shí)常用的句型。
①Why don’t you do sth.……？你怎不……？
②Why not do sth.？（上句的省略）為什么不……？
③You’d better do sth.你最好是……。
例如：
①Why don’t you ask them to help you?你怎么不叫他們幫助你呢？
②Why not/don’t you go for a walk with them?為什么不和他們一塊去散步呢？
③You’d better go to see a doctor this afternoon.你最好下午去看醫(yī)生。
8.What do you think I should do?你認(rèn)為我該怎么辦？
其中的do you think看作插入語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于what should I do,do you think?
①I think Tom is the best student in our class.我認(rèn)為湯姆是我們班最好的學(xué)生。劃線Tom 提問(wèn)則得：Who do you think is the best student in our class?你認(rèn)為誰(shuí)是我們最好的學(xué)生？
（不能說(shuō)：Do you think who is the best student in our class?）
②What do you think is going to happen next?你認(rèn)為下一步要發(fā)生什么事。
③Which way do you think is better?你認(rèn)為哪個(gè)方法較好呢？
三、經(jīng)典名題導(dǎo)解
題1（上海 2000）
-Excuse me,may I ask you some questions?
-Sorry.I’m too busy and haven’t even a minute to______.
A.spend B.spare C.share D.stop
分析：B。spare為“抽出時(shí)間”的意思，其他詞意均不符合本題。
題2（NMET 1993）
Charles Babbage is generally considered_______ the first computer.
A.to invent B.inventing
C.to have invented D.having invented
分析：C。is considered to(=is thought to...)被認(rèn)為……，句中的consider不作“考慮”講，所以排除B，D兩選項(xiàng)。Invent的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，即is considered之前，所以應(yīng)用完成時(shí)。
題3（NMET 2000）
It was an exciting moment for these tooball fans this year,______for the first time in years their team won the world cup.
A.that B.while C.which D.when
分析：D。分析該題句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看到前后句意完整，而后句意為“數(shù)年里是今年頭次贏得世界杯”。this year在后句中作狀語(yǔ)，所有應(yīng)選擇表時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞when。
題4（上海 2000）
Our English teacher______our buying a good English-Chinese dictionary.
A.asked B.ordered C.suggested D.required
分析：C。ask,order,require后面接不定式，suggest后面接動(dòng)名詞。
題5 Readers can_______ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A.get over B.get in C.get along D.get through
分析：C。get over difficulty 克服困難；get in(= arrive)進(jìn)入、到達(dá)；get along(=make progress)進(jìn)展、進(jìn)行；get through完成、通過(guò)。從題意及這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的意義可知，正確答案為C。
題6 Most of the artists_______to the party were from South Africa.
A.invited B.to invite
C.being invited D.had been invited
分析：A。句子的謂語(yǔ)部分為“were from South Africa”；invite作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the artists,且表被動(dòng)。因invite為終止性動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)選擇A。
題7 (NMET 2002)
It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________.
A.it what to do with B.what to do it with
C.what to do with it D.to do what with it
分析：C。該題考查“疑問(wèn)句+不定式”短語(yǔ)用法，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)do with,多與what連用構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)，What do you do with it?其中it作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)，do也是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，它的賓語(yǔ)就是疑問(wèn)詞what引導(dǎo)的從句。在本題是what to do with it 作knows的賓語(yǔ)。
題8 （NMET 1997）
-Alice ,why didn’t you come yesterday?
-I_______, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A.had B.would C.was going to D.did
分析：C。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)看，A項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)法邏輯。D項(xiàng)不符合邏輯。B項(xiàng)后加have,表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬，則是對(duì)的。
四、課后鞏固訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ、單項(xiàng)填空
A）從A、B、C、D中找出劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。
1.smooth A.football B.food C.shook D.good
2.shadow A.dowm B.town C.flower D.borrow
3.spread A.break B.meant C.breathe D.clean
4.bucket A.pull B.brush C.busy D.duty
5.fierce A.friend B.science C.beard D.diary
B）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。
6. I don’t think these workers are enough for the job.We need_______.
A.many more others B.five more C.another many D.more other
7. _______I live,I’ll study.
A.As far as B.As early as C.As good as D.As long as
8. There stands a board_______“Keep off the grass.”
A.that writes B.reads C.says D.reading
9. We have to_______a hole in the wall for electric wires_______a drill.
A.make;by B.drill;with C.do;using D.dig;in
10. A notice was placed by the thin ice,_______people_______.
A.warned;keep away B.warning;to keep off
C.to warn;to keep out D.warn;to keep up
11. They agreed to buy the house as_______.
A.it is B.they C.is it D.it were
12. She sings_______she walks along.
A.when B.while C.as D.whenever
13. This form_______wrongly,do you know?
A.has been filled in B.filled in C.filled up D.fills up
14. Since 1980 Beijing_______a new look everywhere.
A.took on B.takes on C.has taken on D.takes over
15. My watch is nowhere_______.
A.to find B.to be found C.being found D.finding
16. She is_______a teacher to children.She is also a friend of theirs.
A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.less than
17. -He is always careless.
-So he_______careful this time.
A.is being B.is C.will be D.was
18. The school buildings are in a bad_______of repair.
A.situation B.form C.shape D.state
19. The teacher_______the examination papers right now.
A.was handing out B.is handing out
C.handed out D.is handing in
20. They_______forever_______us for money to rebuild the temple.
A.are;asking B.have;asked C.are;asked D.were;asked
21. Get something to eat,he_______be hungry now.
A.can B.ought to C.can’t D.seems
22. He raised his arm_______his face from the blow.
A.to protect B.to stop C.to keep D.defending
23. -Mr Smith has been to Shanghai several times.
-He has done_______business there.
A.masses of B.a number of C.lots D.a few
24. We all hope that such bad weather won’t_______long.
A.keep B.last C.go D.continue
25. -_______?
-Worse than before.
A.How is a thing B.How is the thing
C.How are things D.How are the things
Ⅱ、完形填空（共25小題）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從26-50各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。
26 the past hundred years,the railway,the car,the radio,the cinema,and now the TV,have produced very great 27 in the amusements(娛樂(lè)活動(dòng))with which people pass their 28 time.
A 29 years ago,people were in the habit(習(xí)慣)of making 30 amusements.When a group of people 31 together,they talked,played cards or 32 games,read aloud to each other,or went 33 riding,shooting or walking.Most people could sing 34 ,or play the piano,so at a party the guest amused 35 .Above all,conversation(聊天)was an art:amusing conversation could 36 people happy for hours.
As for games 37 football and tennis,people were also in the habit of playing 38 themselves.Most of them did not play very well,but they 39 themselves and their friends.Nowadays we are amused 40 professional(專業(yè)的)singers or players. 41 listen to your friends 42 when you can hear the great singers of the world 43 the radio or on TV? Why play football with players who 44 very good at it when you can see some of the best players playing an important match? You may just sit comfortably 45 and watch the game 46 the trouble of going outside.
The art of conversation and the habit of playing and singing are 47 :people are becoming more and more lookers and listeners,and 48 doers and talkers.This change does people 49 ;it is better to do something not very well oneself than 50 to sit and watch others doing it.
26.A.On B.At C.After D.During
27.A.singer B.pleasure C.changes D.danger
28.A.busy B.free C.work D.day
29.A.hundred B.thousand C.century D.few
30.A.themselves B.them C.their own D.theirs
31.A.come B.put C.got D.worked
32.A.other B.the other C.another D.else
33.A.out B.on C.inside D.to
34.A.little B.a little C.lot D.a lot
35.A.them B.each other C.others D.each one
36.A.made B.bring C.let D.keep
37.A.such B.for example C.like D.for
38.A.it B.them C.that D.ones
39.A.enjoy B.amused C.play D.played with
40.A.of B.by C.in D.on
41.A.Why B.Why not C.What about D.How about
42.A.saying B.talking C.playing D.singing
43.A.from B.in C.by D.over
44.A.is not B.are not C.is D.are
45.A.at home B.at a cinema C.at school D.at a stadium
46.A.with B.in C.within D.without
47.A.disappeared B.growing C.died D.dying
48.A.much B.little C.more D.less
49.A.more good than harm B.neither good nor harm
C.more harm than good D.either harm or good
50.A.sometimes B.usualy C.always D.never
Ⅲ、閱讀理解（共25小題）
A）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案。
A
A passenger was looking everywhere for his ticket because the conductor was coming to punch(剪)the ticket.He was looking for it in all the pockets of his trousers.To the passengers’surprise,they saw that he had the ticket in his mouth.The conductor quickly pulled the ticket out of his mouth,punched it and gave it back to him.When the conductor moved on,the passenger’s friend said,“I’m sure you felt foolish just now,sitting there looking everywhere for your ticket when it was right in your mouth all the time.”
“Foolish!”answer the passenger.“I was chewing(嚼)the date off.”
51. The passenger_______.
A.lost his ticket,of course
B.din’t buy a ticket for the trip
C.was looking for a lost ticket
D.didn’t remember where he had put his ticket
52. A.The other passengers would laugh because_______.
A.the passenger lost his ticket
B.the passenger was chewing the ticket
C.they saw that the passenger had the ticket in his mouth
D.the passenger had no ticket
53. The conductor_______.
A.didn’t know why he was looking for his ticket
B.knew why he was looking for the ticket
C.didn’t know he had lost his ticket
D.knew he had no money for a ticket
54. The conductor_______.
A.knew why the man put the ticket in his mouth
B.thought the man had forgotten that the ticket was in his mouth
C.knew the man was chewing the ticket
D.thought the man was too busy
55. The best title for the story is_______.
A.Foolish Passenger B.Clever Conductor
C.Ticket Without Date D.Eating Ticket
B
Which would you rather be? A mathematician or an author(作家)? Perhaps you will never be faced with this kind of choice.Lewis Carroll was both a mathematician and an author.He was a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford University.But he is better known as the author of two of the most famous children’s books that have ever been written:Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass.
Alice in Wonderland was published in 1865,when its author was 33 years old,it was followed by Through the Looking-Glass in 1871.Both books were written for a real girl called Alice,but they have been read by millions of children since they were first published.These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures adn has interesting adventures(冒險(xiǎn)).I’m sure you know this already,but if you don’t,you had better read the stories yourselves.
56. The writer of this passage thinks that_______.
A.most people can’t decide which they would be
B.most people will never have to make this kind of choice
C.a mathematician can’t be a writer
D.a writer can’t be a mathematician
57. According to this passage,_______.
A.Lewis was a better author than a mathematician
B.Lewis was a better mathematician than an author
C.two of his books made Lewis famous
D.teaching mathematics made Lewis famous
58. Two of Lewis’ books were_______.
A.the most famous books in the world.
B.the most famous books for children in the world.
C.among the most famous children’s books.
D.much more famous than the books he wrote in his thirties.
59. Through the Looking-Glass was published_______.
A.in 1865 when Lewis was at the age of 33
B.in 1871 when Lewis was at the age of 39
C.in 1865 when Lewis was at the age of 39
D.in 1871 when Lewis was at the age of 33
60. Which of the following is true?_______.
A.The stories in the two books come from real life
B.Alice really had those dreams
C.The stories are really Alice’s adventures
D.Alice was a real girl
C
Son:Dad,why is the population problem the greatest one of the world?
Father:Look at my watch for just one minute.During that time 174 babies were born in
the world.
Son:174 babies?
Father:Yes,maybe you think the figure(數(shù)字)is too small.But so it goes,in one day
people have to feed(喂養(yǎng))about 250,000 mouths more.
Son:My God!
Father:Just think how many more there will be in one year or in a hundred years? In
fact,1,000 years ago,the world’s population was very small.For several thousand years it grew quite slowly.But during the last three or four hundred years it has grown very quickly.Today it’s still growing faster than ever before.
Son:What does it mean,dad?
Father:This means we should grow more food,and have smaller families with fewer,but
healthier children and we must do it or the results will be very bad.A UN report says the world’s population will pass six billion by the end of this centruy.In about six centuries there will be standing room only on the earth.
Son:Oh,I see.There’s only child in my family.
61. How many babies in a second will be born in the world?_______.
A.One B.Two C.About three C.About four
62. When did the world’s population begin to grow very quickly?
A.Ten thousand years ago. B.Several thousand years ago.
C.Three or four centuries ago. D.At the end of this century.
63. With the growing of the world’s population,what shall we do?_______.
A.We must grow more food only B.We must have families with fewer children.
C.We must look for the new land D.We must kill for the new land.
64. What does it mean about“standing room only”?
A.“No enough space even to stand” B.“A room only for standing”
C.“Space only for anyone else” D.“Space only for standing”
65. Which is the right diagram(圖表)about the world’s population?
D
(China Daily March 3,1998)The biggest shopping centre will open on March 8.Everybody with today’s China Daily will get a small present that day.You are welcome.Telephone:38990688,Address:No,6 Xidan Road…
(ENGLISH NEWSPAPER,March 19)English Newspaper needs a foreign editor.He(She)must have been worked in China for more than two years.British nationlity is necessary.The salary(薪水)is 100,000 yuan a year.The term is 3 years.In ten days this piece of advertisement will not be useful.Telephone:3890666;Address:No.6 Xinling Road
(CHINA FOOTBALL,February 3,1998)
Shanghai Shenhua Team vs Beijing Guo’an Team
TIME:February 8, Sunday (3:00)
PLACE:Hongkou Stadium
TICKET PRICE:RMB 25 yuan(for adults)
RMB 15 yuan(for students)
NAME:China Cup Football Contest
COACHES:Xu Gengbao,Jin Zhiyang…
66. If the customers have a China Daily of March 3,1998,he(she)will get a small present_______.
A.every day B.from China Daily
C.on March 8,1998 D.on March 3,1998
67. If a British editor has worked in China for 3 years and come to English News Paper office to ask for the job in April,he(she)will_______.
A.get the job B.not get the job
C.be a good editor D.not be useful
68. Where and when will the football match be?
A.In Hongkou Stadium on Sunday. B.In Hongkou Stadium on Febuary 3.
C.In Guo’an on February 8. D.In Shenhua Stadium on February 8.
69. If three adults and six students want to watch the match,the tickets will cost them RMB_______yuan.
A.135 B.165 C.195 D.225
70. Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Xu Gengbao is a coach.
B.The shopping centre is in NO.6 Xidam Road.
C.The telephone number of English News Paper is 3890666
D.The match is between Beijing Team and Guo’an Team.
B）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從對(duì)話后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳答案。
Li Mei:Excuse me.Are you Mr White?
White:Yes,I am.__71__.
Li Mei:Have you lost anything?
White:Let me see.Oh,my wallet is missing.
Li Mei:Look here.__72__.
White:Why,yes,it is.
Li Mei:__73__.
White:Yes,I was sitting there.But how do you know I live in this hotel?
Li Mei:__74__I also found a card of the hotel,and I guessed that’s where you live.
White:You are really a very kind and a clever girl.__75__.
Li Mei:Oh,that’s unnecessary.I’m just a Chinese student.
A.Thank you very much.
B.May I know your name and your address?
C.I found it in the park,under a tree by the lake.
D.What’s the matter?
E.I saw your passport(護(hù)照)in the wallet,so I got to know your name.
F.What can I do for you?
G.I have found this wallet and I think it’s yours.
Ⅳ、單詞拼寫（共10小題）
76.They are having a rest in the s_______of the tree.
77.The f_______wind blew down many trees.
78.The good news s_______all over the town.
79.Yesterday we were caught in a big s_______.
80.To rely on the m_______is our Party’s good tradition.
81.This book is very_______(枯燥無(wú)味).
82.The supermarket is on the_______(相反的)side of the street.
83.The ruined temple was completely_______(遺棄的).
84.The meeting held yesterday is of great_______(重要).
85.On summer evenings people are always chatting in the_______(院子).
Ⅴ、短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題）
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上面劃個(gè)鉤（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：
此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（/）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（^），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原行沒有錯(cuò)的不要改。
Mr Smith was the farmer.One morning he went to 86._______
Mrs Black’s house to borrow a pan to her.The woman 87._______
lent her to him.That afternoon he went to her with two 88._______
pans.He said the smaller one was the bigger one’s baby. 89._______
The woman didn’t believe it and she was happy.One day 90._______
the farmer lent the pan again.But he didn’t return it to her. 91._______
Two weeks later she had to go out to get it back from him. 92._______
The farmer said her pan was dying.She didn’t think a pan 93._______
could die.He said it could die since it could have baby. 94._______
The woman didn’t know what to tell.Mr Smith said it was 95._______
only a joke and returned the pan to her.
Ⅵ、書面表達(dá)（共1題）
請(qǐng)你寫一篇題為“The English Language”的短文。
揭示：（1）英語(yǔ)是用得廣泛的語(yǔ)言之一；（2）講英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家、人口；（3）英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用的范圍；（4）英語(yǔ)是聯(lián)合國(guó)工作語(yǔ)言之一。
參考答案
1-10 BDBBC BDDBB 11-20 ACACB CADBA
21-30 BAABC BCABC 31-40 CAABB DABBB
41-50 ADDBA DDDCC 51-60 CCDDD BCCBD
61-70 CCBAD CBABD 71-75 FGCEB
76.shadow 77.fierce 78.spread 79.shower 80.masses 81.dull 82.opposite 83.deserted 84.importance 85.courtyard 86.the-a 87.to her-from her 88.lent her-lent hers 89.√ 90.and-but 91.lent-borrowed 92.去掉out 93.dying-dead 94.have-have a 95.tell-say
WRITNG (One possible version)
There are thousands of languages in the world.English is one of the languages most widely used.It is spoken by nearly three hundred million people:people in the United States,the United Kingdom.Australia,New Zealand,South Africa and many other countries.As a second language,English is often required in education,foreign trade,information exchange etc,in many non-English-speaking countries.It is also one of the working languages in the United Nations and is more widely used than any other working language.It’s said that 60 percent radio broadcasts are voiced in the English.At international meetings.English is also widely used.English has in fact become one of the most important languages in the world.