Unit13 狀語(yǔ)從句

一、考點(diǎn)聚焦

1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

（1）as、when、while用法一覽表。

類(lèi)別 作 用 例 句

as as表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同時(shí))

The runners started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時(shí))

when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))

When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))

while while意思是“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過(guò)程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，這里的while意思是“趁……”)

（2）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞除上述外還有：

①till, not … until …, until, before, since

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve o’clock.

It will be five years before he returns from England.

②hardly / scarcely … when, no sooner … than, as soon as once

表示“一……就”

As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give yu a call.

Once you show any fear, he will attack you.

We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it

began to rain.

No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.

③directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that… 一……就

He made for the door directly he heard the knock.

④each time, every time, by the time

Each time he came to my city, he would call on me.

注意：表示未來(lái)情況，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

2、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

（1）although與though可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不能與but連用，但可以與yet連用。

Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.

（2）even if或even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“即使”，“縱然”，用來(lái)使人注意下文所強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容的性質(zhì)。

I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.

（3）no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑問(wèn)詞，也可以在這類(lèi)疑問(wèn)詞后面加上ever構(gòu)成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。

Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.

Whoever breaks the law will be published.

No matter how hard the work is, you’d better try to do it well.

（4）as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。要用倒裝。

Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.

Much as I like it, I won’t buy.

Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.

3、原因狀語(yǔ)從句：because, for, as, since, now that

（1）表示不知道的原因時(shí)用because,即說(shuō)話(huà)人認(rèn)為聽(tīng)話(huà)人不知道，因此because從句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。

You want to know why I’m leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full.

for雖然表示不知道的原因，但其語(yǔ)氣較because要弱得多，是可說(shuō)可不說(shuō)的話(huà)，它只能置于主句之后，這時(shí)，for是并列連詞。如果不是因果關(guān)系，而是對(duì)前面主句的內(nèi)容加以解釋或推斷時(shí)，只能用for。如：It’s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很顯然，鳥(niǎo)叫不可能是“現(xiàn)在已是早上”的原因。）

（2）表示已經(jīng)知道的原因時(shí)用as或since,即某種原因在說(shuō)話(huà)人看來(lái)已經(jīng)很明顯，或已為聽(tīng)話(huà)人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它們通常被置于語(yǔ)句之前，但有時(shí)卻相反。

Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, let’s start.”

(3)下列情況下只能使用because:

①在回答why的問(wèn)句時(shí)；

②在用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)；

③被not所否定時(shí)。

4、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where, wherever

Make a mark wherever you have any questions.

We will go where the Party directs us.

5、目的狀語(yǔ)從句：that, so that, in order that

注意：目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，否則可能是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。不可置于句首。

6、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：that, so that, so … that, such … that …

注意：so + 形容詞/副詞 + that從句；such +　名詞 + that從句。

7、方式狀語(yǔ)從句：as, as if(though)

I’ll do as I am told to.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

8、比較狀語(yǔ)從句：than, as

9、條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that.

注意if與unless的區(qū)別：不能用and連接兩個(gè)unless從句，即不能有… unless …,and unless … 。但if … not and if … not卻不受此限。

You won’t lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more.(×)

但可以說(shuō) … unless you eat less and exercise more.

10、注意狀語(yǔ)從句中從句的省略現(xiàn)象

（1）連接詞 + 過(guò)去分詞

Don’t speak until spoken to.

Pressure can be incrased when needed.

Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.

（2）連詞 +　現(xiàn)在分詞

Look out while crossing the street.

（3）連詞 + 形容詞/其他

常見(jiàn)的有it necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。

二、精典名題導(dǎo)解

選擇填空

1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ____________.

(NMET 2000)

A.as last B.in case C.once again D.in time

解析：答案為B。句意為“帶些錢(qián)以防萬(wàn)一”，只能選擇in case。引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，后面省略了I should need it。

2. The WTO can’t live up to its name _________ it doesn’t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.（NMET 2000）

A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though

解析：答案為C。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。句意為“假如世貿(mào)組織不包括占世界人口五分之一的中國(guó)的話(huà)，那它就名不副實(shí)”。as long as語(yǔ)氣過(guò)于強(qiáng)烈，while和even though不符合句意。

3、Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_________I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000)

A.as B.since C.before D.until

解析：答案為C。題意為：半夜里有人打來(lái)電話(huà)，我沒(méi)來(lái)得及就掛了。but暗示在接話(huà)前就掛了。

三、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1. I am to stay______my mother______well.

A.untill;gets 　B.until,get 　C.when;gets 　D.before;will get.

2. Li Ming was about to do his homework______the phone rang.

A.while 　B.when 　C.as 　D.after

3. I have never been to Beijing______I went to university.

A.when 　B.before 　C.as 　D.since

4. It was not long______the writer finished his novel.

A.when 　B.after 　C.before 　D.until

5. We shall go swimming______we have time.

A.whenever 　B.wherever 　C.howerver 　D.whatever

6. -Where should I put my dictionary?

-Put it______you can easily get it.

A.so that 　B.where 　C.which 　D.in order that

7. -I'd like a suitcase to use in college,father,

-OK.I'll buy one for you______I have done my work.

A.before 　B.since 　C.so that 　D.the monent

8. I would like to do it______I like it.

A.since 　B.because of 　C.because 　D.now that

9. ______it is raining,we had better take a taxi.

A.As 　B.For 　C.Because of 　D.When

10. His speech made______deep impression on the audience that they could hardly forget it.

A.so a 　B.such a 　C.so 　D.such

11. We must do the experiment______the teacher does.

A.whatever 　B.as 　C.how 　D.when

12. The book is______it gives a wrong idea of the fact.

A.so writing that 　B.such written that

C.such writing that 　D.so written that

13. We started so early______we could get there before that sun set.

A.in order that 　B.in order to 　C.so as to 　D.for

14. -Could you tell me______you will get my trousers ready?

-Yes.In half a month.

A.how 　B.when 　C.how soon 　D.how long

15. I know nothing about it______he told me.

A.unless 　B.until 　C.except 　D.if

16. I won't join you______you invite me.

A.if 　B.or 　C.until 　D.unless

17. Give me your telephone number______I need your help.

A.in case 　B.whether 　C.unless 　D.so that

18. -Did you answer Smith's call?

-I don't have to______I'll see him tomorrow.

A.though 　B.because 　C.otherwise 　D.unless

19. The number of the people present,______we had expected,was very large.

A.that 　B.which 　C.who 　D.as

20. ______I like it very much,I won't buy it.

A.Although 　B.As though 　C.As 　D.If

21. ______he came to see me,he would phone me first.

A.When 　B.Whenver 　C.As 　D.While

22. I'm working in the burning sun,______he is sleeping in the shade.

A.when 　B.because 　C.as 　D.while

23. The work was completed earlier______.

A.than we expected 　B.as we expected

C.than we had expected 　D.like we expected

24. ______had he hurried into the cave______it began to pour down.

A.No sooner;when 　B.Hardly;when

C.Hardly;than 　D.As soon as;when

25. ______,so the sports meet has to be put off.

A.Because of the bad weather 　B.Because it was been raining for days

C.Since the weather has been bad 　D.It has been raining for days

26. I had to borrow some money______I could buy a new car.

A.so that 　B.in order to 　C.because 　D.since

27. I will keep studying______I live.

A.when 　B.so long as 　C.as soon as 　D.on conditon

28. ______it was late,she went on working.

A.Because 　B.Since 　C.Though 　D.Whether

29. You will be late for the meeting______you take a taxi.

A.until 　B.and 　C.or 　D.unless

30. I thought her nice and honest______I met her.

A.the first time 　B.for the first time

C.every time when 　D.by the time

31. ______the day went on,the weather got worse.

A.With 　B.Since 　C.As 　D.While

32. He was doing his homework______he saw the teacher passing by his window.

A.while 　B.when 　C.as 　D.which

33. Is it three years ago______he was put into prison?

A.that 　B.since 　C.when 　D.before

34. Though he failed in the exam,______he didn't give up.

A.but 　B.and yet 　C.yet 　D.still

35. Tom was______that he couldn't understand______difficult sentence.

A.so a stupid boy;such a 　B.a so stupid boy;a such

C.so stupid a boy;a such 　D.so stupid a boy;such a

36. ______you've understood all these rules,you'll have no further difficulty.

A.Unless 　B.Once 　C.Although 　D.Until

37. ______,he speaks Japanese quite well.

A.Child as he is 　B.Though is he child

C.As a child he is 　D.A child as he is

38. ______we got on the bus,it started to move.

A.Short after 　B.Before long 　C.Soon after 　D.After a while

39. The cost of one day in the hospital can run as______as 500 dollars.

A.lower 　B.much 　C.expensive 　D.high

40. ______,he works just as hard as everyone else.

A.Because he is weak 　B.Weak as he is

C.Though weak he is 　D.As he is weak

41. He thinks more of others______.

A.than of himself 　B.than of him 　C.than himself 　D.than he

42. ______the rain has stopped,let's start again.

A.For 　B.Because 　C.Now that 　D.That

43. Mr.Smith is a warm-hearted person.He helps me______I ask him to.

A.whatever 　B.whenever 　C.only 　D.however

44. It is five years______I joined the army.

A.when 　B.that 　C.whose 　D.since

45. ______what may happen,I will stand by your side.

A.No matter 　B.Perhaps 　C.Although 　D.Even if

46. Time passed quickly and three weeks went by______we knew it.

A.after 　B.when 　C.before 　D.till

47. ______there is a will,there is a way.

A.When 　B.Where 　C.That 　D.While

48. John's mother allowed him to go swimming______that he didn't go too far from the bank.

A.if 　B.unless 　C.when 　D.on condition

49. You'll be punished______you obey the order.

A.unless 　B.if 　C.when 　D.though

50. ______we help people,______we'll be.

A.more;happy 　B.The more;the happy

C.The more;the happier 　D.More;the happier

51. You may do______you please.

A.when 　B.as 　C.if 　D.that

52. It is so hot______I don't go out today.

A.that 　B.when 　C.as 　D.which

53. It is raining heavily______they still want to go out.

A.though 　B.because 　C.but 　D.so

54. ______we study hard,we'll succeed sooner or later.

A.Though 　B.When 　C.Once 　D.As long as

55. I'll go on with the work______I come back tomorrow.

A.as 　B.when 　C.whenever 　D.unless

56. We shall go______working conditions are difficult.

A.where 　B.there 　C.when 　D.to the place

57. I know the reason______he came so early.

A.that　B.when 　C.why 　D.for

58. They started early______they might arrive in time.

A.so 　B.in order to 　C.for 　D.that

59. Take more rest______you want to get well soon.

A.unless 　B.if 　C.though 　D.even if

60. Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather,______it will soon be covered with ice.

A.and 　B.or 　C.but 　D.as

61. We had to be patient.It would be some time______we got the full result.

A.since 　B.that 　C.before 　D.after

62. It was May 4th______my parents left for Shanghai.

A.when 　B.since 　C.until 　D.after

63. It was______she was about to speak that the door opene　D.

A.that 　B.when 　C.what 　D.because

64. ______jouralism seems like a good profession,I would prefer to be a teacher.

A.No matter 　B.Now that 　C.Even 　D.Although

65. His eyes were closed,so I said nothing,but put the chair______he would see me______he woke.

A.when;when 　B.where;where 　C.when;where 　D.where;when

66. ______physics,he likes maths better.

A.As he much likes 　B.Much likes as he

C.Much as he likes 　D.Likes much as he

67. We'll carry the fight to the end______happens.

A.whatever 　B.no matter which 　C.no matter how 　D.anything

68. ______she hasn't got anything against you.

A.As long as I know 　B.So long as I know

C.I know so far 　D.As far as I know

69. Fire safety in family houses,______most fire deaths occur,is difficult to achieve.

A.why 　B.where 　C.how 　D.when

70. _____the pain was bad,______he did not complain.

A.Although;but 　B.Though;but 　C.Though;yet 　D.Even;still

71. I am going______you went last week.

A.where 　B.whererver 　C.when 　D.the place

72. ______you get into the habit of smoking,you won't be able to give it up easily.

A.While 　B.Once 　C.Because 　D.Since

73. Try to guess the meaning of a new word while reading______your reading skill can be improved.

A.when 　B.before 　C.until 　D.so that

74. Hurry up,______we won't catch the last bus.

A.unless 　B.but 　C.otherwise 　D.then

75. -How are you,Harry?

-Fine,______a bit tire　D.

A.but 　B.or 　C.and 　D.so

76. ______he spoke,we recognized his voice.

A.At the moment 　B.The moment

C.For the moment 　D.The moment while

77. ______invited I won't go to her birthday party.

A.Even 　B.When 　C.If 　D.Even if

78. Don't speak______.

A.when speak 　B.after spoke 　C.until spoken to 　D.while speaking

79. These two weeks they have planted______they did during the same period of last month.

A.as much twice trees as 　B.twice as many trees as

C.twice as much trees as 　D.as many twice trees as

80. They were______busy studying______they couldn't go to the restaurant with us.

A.so;that 　B.such;as 　C.very;that 　D.enough;as

參考答案

1-10 ABDCA BDCAB 11-20 BDACB CABDA 21-30 BDCBD ABCDA

31-40 CBACD BACDB 41-50 ACBDA CBDAC 51-60 BACDB ABDBA

51-70 CABDD CADBC 71-80 ABDCA BDCBA