內(nèi)容
一、教法建議
【 拋磚引玉 】
單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標
Ⅰ. 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)
family , make , asleep , music , whole , care , holiday , great , interest ,familytree , a first , make faces , take care of , home town , place of interest , diary ,grand , grandson , granddaughter , grandparents , page , classmate , grandma , wake , grandpa ,wake up , for example
Ⅱ. 語法學(xué)習(xí)
1 . 并列句
2 . 句型
leave one by oneself stop doing
cry harder and harder not……any more
Ⅲ. 交際英語
They'll be very happy to see you again .
I think you'll have a good time .
I'm sure she'll like it .
That's a good idea .
【 指點迷津 】
單元重點詞匯點撥
1 . diary 日記，日記本
We should keep a diary . 我們應(yīng)該堅持記日記。
〖 點撥 〗keep a diary寫/記日記。a pocket diary袖珍日記。
She is always keeping a diary in English .
2 . family tree 家譜
He often tells us his family tree . 他經(jīng)常給我們講他的家譜。
〖 點撥 〗注意由family所修飾詞匯的特定意義不能望文生義。又如：family farm個體農(nóng)場。family man有妻子子女的人。family planning計劃生育。
另外，family的下列用法十分重要：
His family is a big one . (作為整體看待)
His family are having dinner now .（作為成員看待）
3 . grand ( 親屬關(guān)系中 ) ( 外 ) 祖……， ( 外 ) 孫……
grandchild 孫子 ( 女 ) ，外孫子 ( 女 ) 。 grandson 孫子，外孫；
The old man has two grandsons . 這老人有兩個孫子。
grandparents ( 外 ) 祖父母
He lives there with his grandparents . 他和他的祖父母住在一起。
〖 點撥 〗 grand還常作“極好的”講。如：What grand / fine weather !
4 . make 制造，做，使得
The factory makes shoes . 這工廠制造鞋子。
It makes me happy . 它使我感到開心。
〖 點撥 〗在運算中可以用make作“等于”講。如：Two and two is / makes four .
be made of用……制造（看出原料）。be made from由……制造（看不出原料）。
如：Glasses are made of glass . 玻璃杯是用玻璃制造的。
This kind of wine (酒) is made from rice .
另外要注意：make sb do讓某人干……。He made me leave at once . (注意不要用toleave)
5 . page 頁
Please turn to page 95 . 請翻到95頁。
〖 點撥 〗see pages five to seven參看第五頁至第七頁。page after page一頁一頁地。
turn the page over翻過一頁。
6 . classmate 同班同學(xué)
He is my classmate . 他是我的同班同學(xué)。
〖 點撥 〗mate 常作詞后綴。如 roommate同一住室的人，workmate工友。
be classmates in the middle school中學(xué)時是同學(xué)。
7 . grandma 奶奶，外婆
〖 點撥 〗口語相當于 granny 。grandpa 爺爺、外公。
His grandma is more than 80 years old .
8 . asleep 睡著的，熟睡的
I can't fall asleep . 我睡不著。
The little boy is asleep . 小男孩睡著了。
〖 點撥 〗該詞沒有比較級，作表語，不能作謂語。
fall asleep = go to sleep 睡著。Last night I couldn’t fall asleep until 11:30 .
9 . wake 醒，醒來，叫
My mother usually wakes early . 我母親時常醒得早。
Please wake me early tomorrow . 明天請早一點叫醒我。
〖 點撥 〗注意該詞過去式過去分式為 woke ， woken .
wake (sb) up叫醒某人。wake up醒來。
Do you usually wake up at five in the morning ?
10 . music 音樂，樂曲
The boys and girls like popular music . 孩子們喜歡流行樂曲。
〖 點撥 〗music不可數(shù)。但是，表達可數(shù)時可以借助量詞piece 。如：
It’s a beautiful piece of music .
另外，popular music流行音樂。
11 . whole 整個的
He spent the whole week in doing this . 他花了整整一星期時間做這件事。
〖 點撥 〗該詞沒有比較級前面常加 the 。注意觀察：the whole school = all theschool 。
12 . holiday 假日，假期
I am going to my hometown for my holidays . 我要去家鄉(xiāng)度假。
the summer ( winter ) holidays 暑 ( 寒假 )
〖 點撥 〗on holidays在度假。Our boss will be away on holiday this month .
13 . hometown 故鄉(xiāng)，家鄉(xiāng)
Where is your hometown ?
〖 點撥 〗in one’s hometown在某人的故鄉(xiāng)。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years .
14 . great 偉大的，重大的
We had a great / good / nice / fine time at the ball . 舞會上我們玩的真開心。
〖 點撥 〗該詞常具有感情色彩。
15. interest興趣，趣味
We have interest in English . 我們對英語感興趣。
I have no interest in singing . 我對唱歌毫無興趣。
〖 點撥 〗改詞常作不可數(shù)名詞。注意下列搭配：a place of interest一個名勝地。beinterested in對……感興趣。
16 . sentence 句子
Please make a sentence with this word . 請用這個詞造句。
〖 點撥 〗make a sentence with用……造句。
單元詞組思維運用
1 . stop to do sth . 與 stop doing sth .
〖 提示 〗stop to do sth . 是“停下來去做 ( 另一件事 ) ”。如：
He stopped to take a rest . 他停下來去休息。
stop doing sth . 是“停止干某事”。如：
He stopped taking a rest . 他停止了休息。
又如：forget to do忘記去干…… 。forget doing忘記干過了…….
try to do盡力干……，try doing試著干…….
2 . can't tell……from 分辨不出
I can't tell the difference from them . 我分辨不出它們之間的區(qū)別。
〖 提示 〗tell 在此作“辨別”、“識別”之意。又如：
Can you tell the difference between these two sentences ?
3 . at first 起先，當初
〖 提示 〗相對于 at last “最后”。
At first I didn't like him , but now I do . 起先我不喜歡他，但現(xiàn)在喜歡了。
4 . wake up 醒來，喚醒
〖 提示 〗其中的副詞 up 可省去。遇到代詞時放詞組中間。
What time did you wake up this morning ? 你今天早上是什么時候醒的 ?
Be quiet , your father is asleep ; don't wake him up .
5 . cry harder and harder 哭得越來越厲害
She looked at me and cried harder and harder . 她看著我，哭得越來越厲害。
〖 提示 〗harder 是副詞 hard 的比較級。 副詞或形容詞的比較級連用時，表示“越來越……”。如：
It's snowing harder and harder . 雪下得越來越大。
In summer the day gets longer and longer . 夏天白天變得越來越長。
The train runs faster and faster .
My brother is growing taller and taller .
6 . turn on 打開 ( 燈，收音機等 )
Please turn on the radio , there's good news . 請打開收音機，有好消息。
〖 提示 〗反義詞組是 turn off ( 關(guān)掉 ) 。turn up開大。turn down開小.
7 . not …… any more 不再，再不
She didn't cry any more . 她再也不哭了。
〖 提示 〗not …… any more 用來修飾表示具體動作的非持續(xù)性動詞。not……any longer( 不再 ) ，是用來修飾表示狀態(tài)的持續(xù)性動詞，強調(diào)時間不再延續(xù)。如：
I can't wait any longer . 我不能再等了。
no more 也表示“不再”，著重指分量的減少。后接名詞或省略。如：
I have no more questions . 我再也沒有問題了。
8 . make faces ( make a face ) 做 ( 扮 ) 鬼臉
He made a face at me when the teacher turned back . 當老師轉(zhuǎn)過身時，他朝我做了個鬼臉。
〖 提示 〗相似的詞組還有：make a bed 鋪床/make a fire 生火/make a speech 演講/make anexcuse 找借口。
9 . take ( good ) care ( of ) = look after well 照顧，小心，留心
You must take care of yourself . 你要好好注意自己身體。
She stayed at home to take care of the baby .
10 . right away 立刻，馬上
〖 提示 〗相當于 at once 。
He didn't answer me right away . 他沒有立刻回答我。
11 . place of ( great ) interest ( 了不起的 ) 名勝之地
〖 提示 〗注意其復(fù)數(shù)變 place 而不是 interest .
Xi'an is one of the places of great interest in China . 西安是中國了不起的名勝之一。
There are many places of interest in China ,
12 . don't have to 不必，沒有必要
〖 提示 〗等于 needn't 。是 have to的否定形式。
You don't have to tell Tom . = You needn’t tell him .
二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航
【 學(xué)法提要 】
單元句型思路明晰
1 . make sb . do sth .
How did Ling Feng make the baby stop crying ? 凌峰是怎樣使孩子不哭的 ?
1 ) make sb . do sth . 是“使某人做某事”的意思。make 后面接賓語和動詞，要用不帶to 的動詞不定式。又如：
I made her cry . 我把她弄哭了。
2 ) 在動詞 see , watch , hear , feel , let 之后接賓語和動詞，也要用不帶 to 的不定式 ( 作賓語補足語 ) 。如：
I saw her get on the bus . 我看見她上了公共汽車。
2 . 主語 + 謂語 + 動名詞 ( 作賓語 )
She stopped crying and listened to the music . 她不哭了，聽起音樂來。
stop 是及物動詞，crying 是動名詞在此作賓語。動名詞作賓語的句子，又如：
Do you like singing ? 你喜歡唱歌嗎 ?
We all enjoy listening to music . 我們都愛聽音樂。
Please stop talking . 請不要講話。
I didn't stop working . 我沒有停止工作。
She is fond of boating . 她喜歡劃船。 ( 介詞賓語 )
單元難點疑點釋疑
1 . Saturday June 18th , 1994 一九九四年六月十八日，星期六
1 ) 這是寫日記的年、月、日、周日的寫法。注意日記的書寫格式：一般在左上方寫上記日記那天的日期，包括年、月、日、周日。在右上方寫明天氣狀況。日記中多用動詞一般過去式，主語I可以省略。
日記的日期除了書上這種排列外，還可以寫成：June , 1994 Saturday 。 June 18th 也可寫成 18th June 。
2 ) 下面是月份和星期的全寫和縮寫：
January
February
March
April
May
June
Jan .
Feb
Mar .
Apr .
May .
Jun .
July
August
September
October
November
December
Jul .
Aug .
Sept .
Oct .
Nov .
Dec .
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sun .
Mon .
Tues .
Wed .
Thur .
Fri .
Sat .
2 . I must take her to hospital . 我得送它去醫(yī)院。
take 在這里是“帶、領(lǐng)”的意思。take sb to someplace 是“帶某人去某地”的意思。如：My parents took me to Beijing when I was very young . 我很小時，父母親帶我去了北京。
3 . I can't leave her by herself . 我不能把她單獨留下。
leave sb . by oneself 把某人單獨留下。
4 . All that afternoon I jumped and sang and did all kinds of things . 整個下午我跳呀，唱呀，做各種樣子。
all kinds of 意為“各種各樣”。如：
There are kinds of shoes in the shop . 商店里有各種鞋子。
【 妙文賞析 】
(A)
Mrs Brown had two sons . One morning in the holidays , when she was doing the washing for the family , her younger son came and asked her for some money for sweets( 糖果 ) .
“Sweets are bad for your teeth ( 牙齒 ) , ”Mrs Brown said .“Takethesetwoorangesand give one to your elder brother . ”O(jiān)ne of the oranges was much bigger than the other one , so the smaller boy kept the bigger one for himself ,andgavehisbrother the smaller one .
When the older boy saw that his brother had a bigger orange , he said to him , “It is selfish ( 自私的 ) to take the bigger one for yourself . If mother gives me two oranges , I will give you the bigger one . ”
“I know you will , ”answered his brother , “that is why I took a bigger one . ”
賞析：這個故事中，誰是自私的嗎 ? 當然是那個小弟弟，是嗎 ? 如果你是那個小弟弟有兩個orange ，一大一小，你會怎樣辦呢 ?
(B)
Paid in Full
One day a bus stopped at a tourist spot , and all the passengersgotoutandwentinto a nearby restaurant .
One of them walked up to the manager and said , “ Good morning . I am Mr . Tom Wilkins . These people are all patients at the City Psychiatric Hospital .Theyarehaving their annual bus trip . They will all behave very well , but there is onesmallproblem . They will want to pay for their food and drink with bottle caps . I’ll be gratefulif you will let them do this , then let me have the bill just before we leave . ”
The manager wanted to be helpful , so he said , “ That will be fine , sir . I hope you will all enjoy yourselves in my restaurant . ”
The patients all sat down . They ordered their food and drink ,andbehavedverywell . No one knew they were patients at a psychiatric hospital .
At the end of the meal each of them paid his or her bill with bottle caps .
Then they left the restaurant and got back on the bus .
Tom Wilkins went up to the manager . “ You’ve been most kind , ” he said , “ and understanding . I’ll pay the bill now . ”
The manager added up everything the patients had ordered , and gave thetotaltoTom Wilkins . It came to quite a lot of money .
“ That’s a fair price , ” Tom said . “ I’m happy to pay that . Haveyougotchange for six bottles ? ”
注釋：tourist 旅游者。spot 地點。passenger 旅客；來客。psychiatric 精神病學(xué)的。annual 一年一次的。behave 舉止端正。bottle cap 瓶蓋。grateful 感激的。
【 思維體操 】
人與動物
英語中許多關(guān)于動物名稱的詞可用來指某種類型的人，翻譯成漢語時切不可望文生義，否則就會弄出笑話，如：He is really a lucky dog . He has justavoidedbeinghurtinthisserious accident . 上句中 a lucky dog 意為“幸運兒” ( 不可直譯為幸運狗 ) 。初學(xué)者對此應(yīng)多加小心，以免出錯。下列各種動物分別指哪種人 ?
1 . a big dog 2 . a gay dog 3 . a dog in the manger 4 . a yellow dog 5 . top dog 6 . a bear 7 . a bird 8 . a bee 9 . a fox 10 . a monkey 11 . a pig 12 . a wolf 13 . a tiger 14 . a crocodile 15 . a pigeon 16 . an odd fish 17 . a mouse
答案：1 . 要人；保鏢；大亨 2 . 樂天派 3 . 占著茅坑不拉屎的人 4 . 卑鄙可恥的人 5 .當 權(quán)派 6 . 粗野的人 7 . 精明的人 8 . 忙碌的人 9 . 狡猾的人 10 . 調(diào)皮的人 11 . 貪食的人 12 . 貪婪的人 13 . 兇猛的人；威武的人 14 . 假慈悲的人 15 . 易受騙的人 16 . 奇怪的家伙 17 . 膽小者
三、智能顯示
【 心中有數(shù) 】
單元語法發(fā)散思維
A . 最高級與 in , of 短語
在帶有形容詞或副詞最高級的句子中，常常有一個表示比較范圍的介詞短語作狀語，用來表達某人或某物在什么范圍內(nèi)怎樣。常用來表示比較范圍的介詞短語有“in … ”與“of… ”，兩者在用法上有區(qū)別：
( 1 ) in 表示“在……內(nèi)”，表示比較范圍被看成是一個整體，其后常接表示單位、團體、組織、時間概念等的名詞或代詞。如：
What's the best sport in summer ? 夏天從事什么運動最好 ?
She is the youngest in the class . 她是班上年齡最小的。
( 2 ) of 表示“屬性”，表示比較對象被看成逐個的個體。其句型可分：a ) “ … of all”或“ … of all + the ( one's ) + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)。”如：
The third one is carrying the fewest of all . 第三輛車在所有車輛中運載得最少。
Li Lei is the hardest of all his children . 在所有孩子中，李雷最努力。
b ) “of… the + 基數(shù)詞”或“of the + 基數(shù)詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞。”如：
This picture is the most beautiful of the three . 這張圖畫是三張中最美麗的。
Li Ping sings the best of the four girls . 這四個女孩中李萍唱得最好。
B. 閱讀 Lesson 106 , 完成短文。
There were ( 1 ) ( 2 ) on Friday afternoon . Ling Feng's classmates went ( 3 ) (4 ) ( 5 ) , but he ( 6 ) at home and ( 7 ) ( 8 ) Aunt Huang's baby . At first the baby (9 ) ( 10 ) . When she ( 11 ) ( 12 ) and wouldn't ( 13 ) ( 14 ) ( 15 ) , she began (16 )(17 ) . Ling Feng jumped and sang and ( 18 ) ( 19 ) ( 20 ) ( 21 ) ( 22 ) . Atlast he made ( 23 ) ( 24 ) ( 25 ) ( 26 ) .
答案：1 . no 2 . lessons 3 . to 4 . the 5 . park 6 . stayed 7 . looked 8 . after9 .w
as 10 . asleep 11 . woke 12 . up 13 . find 14 . her 15 . mother 16 . to 17 .cry18 . did 19 . all 20 . kinds 21 . of 22 . things 23 . the 24 . baby 25 . stop 26 .crying
【 動手動腦 】
單元能力立體檢測
※ 選擇題：單項選擇
1 . ______ are in the classroom now .
A . All student B . All the student
C . All the students D . The all student
2 . What made you ______ so ?
A . think B . to think C . thinking D . thought
3 . This is the answer _______ the question .
A . to B . for C . at D . of
4 . I began to learn English half a year ago . I can speak ________ English now .
A . a little B . a few C . little D . few
5 . I went to bed after I finished _______ my homework .
A . doing B . do C . does D . to do
6 . Stop ______ ! Listen to me , please .
A . talk B . talking C . to talk D . and talk
7 . I'll give you a ring if Mike ______ tomorrow .
A . comes B . will come C . came D . is coming
8 . They boy made his parents ______ very angry .
A . be came B . got C . / D . were
9 . Mother ______ at half past five this morning .
A . wake me up B . wake up me C . woke up me D . woke me up
答案：1 . C 2 . A 3 . A 4 . A 5 . A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D
解析：題1 主要考查 all 應(yīng)放在限定詞之前，且其后的可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 題2 主要考查使役動詞 make 后的動詞不定式符號 to 不能出現(xiàn)。 題3 是名詞所有格的特殊用法。 題4 主要考查 English 為不可數(shù)名詞，且本句表示的是肯定之意。 題5 主要考查 finish 后的動詞應(yīng)用其 ing 形式。6. 答案 B . 從下句“聽我說”的含義，可見上句是讓聽話人停止說話的動作，因此 stop 后應(yīng)加動名詞。stop 后若加不定式，則意為“停下來 ( 去 ) 說話。” 7. 答案 A . 由 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，需用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。從句的主語 Mike 為第三人稱單數(shù)，因此謂語動詞 come 要加“s”。 8. 答案 C . make 后可加省略 to 的不定式或直接加形容詞，表示“讓……做某事”或“使得……處于某種狀態(tài)”。A、B、D三個選項中均為動詞的過去式，不可能構(gòu)成不定式，因此只能選C，即直接加形容詞。 9. 答案 D . 從時間狀語中判斷句子為過去時，動詞 wake 要用過去式，另外 wake up 在接人稱代詞賓格做賓語時，要放在 wake 和 up 之間，而不能放在 up 后，因此選D。
※ 填空題：完成句子，每空一詞
1 . 我希望你過得愉快。
I hope you'll ______ ______ ______ ______ .
2 . 春天來了，天氣變得越來越暖和。
When spring comes , it gets ______ ______ ______ .
3 . 這本書你可借用兩周。
You may ______ the book ______ two weeks .
4 . 他會很好地照看你的孩子。
He can ______ ______ ______ _______ your child .
答案：1 . have a good time 2 . warmer and warmer 3 . keep for 4 . take goodcareof
【 創(chuàng)新園地 】
1 . Did you have a good time at the party ?
Did you _______ _______ at the party ?
2 . My bike is broken .
My bike ______ ______ .
3 . These children do well in boating .
These children are _______ _______ boating .
4 . Yesterday we walked to the zoo .
Yesterday we ______ to the zoo _______ _______ .
5 . We may go swimming tomorrow .
We may go _______ _______ _______ tomorrow .
6 . We are going to learn Lesson Two .
We are going to learn _____ _____ _____ .
7 . It's time for lunch .
It's time ______ ______ lunch .
8 . She usually walks to school .
She usually ______ to school ______ ______ .
9 . I often get up at six thirty in the morning .
I often get up at _____ ______ ______ in the morning .
10 . How delicious these mooncakes are !
_____ _____ _____ these are !
11 . - Thank you for your help .
- You're welcome .
- Thank you for ______me .
- Not _____ _____ .
12 . All the students in our class like Mid - Autumn Day .
________ in our class _______ Mid - Autumn Day .
13. Why not take off your coat ?
Why _____ _____ take off your coat ?
14 . My father and mother work in the same school .
My _____ work int he same school .
15 . The school is not near to my home .
The school is _______ my home .
16 . She often helps her mothers wash clothes on Sundays .
She often helps her mother ______ ______ ______ on Sundays .
17 . I don't know .
I ______ ______ ______ .
18 . You have much homework to do .
You have ______ _____ ______ homework to do .
19 . They all like swimming .
_____ ______ ______ like swimming .
20 . She is the tallest in her class .
She is taller than _____ _____ girl in her class .
21 . Where is he from ?
Where ______ he ______ ______ ?
22 . Let's go and look at the monkeys .
Let's go and _____ ______ ______ ______ the monkeys .
23 . You aren't busy . I think .
I _______ think you ______ busy .
24 . Let's climb the hill , OK ?
______ ______ climb the hill ?
25 . She is good at English .
She ______ ______ ______ English .
( 請同學(xué)們把填好的答案反饋給我們 )
答案：1 . enjoy yourself/yourselves 2 . doesn't work 3 . good at 4 . went ,onfoot5 .for a swim 6 . the second lesson 7 . to have 8 . goes ; on foot 9 . halfpastsix10 .Whatdelicious mooncakes 11 . helping ; at all 12 . Everyone ; likes 13 .don't you 14 .parents 15 .far from 16 . do some washing 17 . have no idea 18 . alot of 19 . All of them 20 .anyother 21 . does ; come from 22 . have a look at 23 .don't ; are 24 .Shallwe 25 . does well in