浙江省文成中學 吳媛媛
一、教學分析
1、教材內容分析
本單元圍繞“Scientific achievements”這一中心話題，從科學家、科學假說、科學理論、科學探索等方面設計聽、說、讀、寫等一系列教學活動。“Warming up”部分設置了三個問題，要求學生就重要的科學成就進行討論，從而幫助學生認識重要的科學成就，了解科學成就對社會發展、人類進步的重大貢獻，同時激發學生熱愛科學、投身于科學研究的熱情，探索科學研究的方法。“Listening”部分設計了兩道材料問題和一道開放性的情景話題。主要培養學生捕捉和篩選信息的能力，然后要求學生在一定語言輸入后進行語言輸出，旨在培養學生的想象能力和應用能力，通過自己的語言體會重大科學成就的意義。“Speaking”部分重點訓練表達意圖和愿望的日常交際用語，以五人小組的活動形式組織學生扮演科學家的角色，陳述各人的研究方向并闡明其重要性來申請科研經費。“Reading”部分為一篇介紹中關村的形成、發展及其重要意義的記敘文。通過對文章的理解，學習中關村人的創業精神。“Language study”部分由詞匯和語法兩部分組成，該部分不僅教授了四種構詞法知識，更鼓勵學生通過四項練習，運用構詞法知識提高閱讀能力。“Integrating skills”部分設計了一個閱讀和寫作的練習，在學生了解四大科技成就及其重要性后，要求學生略加擴充寫一篇最偉大的科學成就的文章。“Tips”部分提出了說服性寫作必須論點明確、論據充分，為寫作提供了寫作方法。
2、教學重點、難點:
本單元的重點在于借助“高科技成就”這一話題，學習、復習涉及這一話題的有關語言知識和語言技能（見教學目標），激發學生熱愛科學、奮發圖強、獻身于科學的熱情。
本單元的難點在于培養學生充分利用已有的英語知識表達自己，談論科學家、科學成就、理想抱負。
二、教學目標
1、語言知識目標
1） 要求學生掌握必要的單詞、詞組和句型：solar, constitution, private, grasp…It’ likely that…, make it possible for sb to do sth…,etc.
2） 掌握一定量的表達“wishes and intentions”的交際功能用語。
3） 同時要求學生掌握本單元出現的構詞法及一些常見的前綴后綴及詞根的意義。
2、語言技能目標
通過本單元的內容培養學生良好的“聽、說、讀、寫”的技能，使學生能運用所學的知識解決相關情景中的一些類似問題，并能結合所給任務，綜合運用新舊知識解決問題，完成任務，在此基礎上鼓勵學生大膽地根據各自的語言基礎與能力，有個性地解決問題，就科學成就提出獨特的見解。
3、情感目標
1）激發學生并提高學習英語的興趣， 樂于接受新鮮事物，勇于嘗試：體現課堂教學“主體者”的身份，積極主動地參與教學各環節，成為學習的主人：具有個性，培養創造能力。
2）培養同學之間日常融洽相處的感情，樂于合作，善于合作的團體合作精神。
3）通過課文中出現的科學家及科學成就激勵學生熱愛科學、投身科學研究、探索科學研究的方法
三、教學策略
1）開放式教學策略。以有限的課堂為載體，帶學生進入廣闊的知識天地。
2）引趣激趣策略。創設多種情景（境）激發學生的興趣，只有讓學生真正有了參與的欲望，才能點燃他們的思維火花。
3)合作學習策略。合作學習強調通過師生、生生的多邊互動進行人際交往、信息交流，能滿足學生個體內部需要。
4)體驗成功策略。使學生在特定的完成任務過程主動積極地獲得和積累相應的學習經驗，享受成功的喜悅，從而提高學習興趣和成就動機。
四、學習策略
引導學生利用圖書館和網絡資源進行一系列的自主學習、合作探究的學習策略。對于本單元鼓勵學生課前收集科技成就、中關村和美國的硅谷的資料，上課時勤思考、主動參與課堂上的各種活動。
五、單元教學設計
依據《新課程標準》及對于學生教學目標的要求，課堂設計本著教學應“以人為本”的總的教學理念，課堂中充分利用網絡資源、設計相應難度的任務，以增加教學的直觀性和趣味性，提高教學效率。根據學生學習英語的特點和規律，學習階段的側重點，我把本單元劃分六課時完成：聽力、口語、閱讀（2課時）、語言、寫作、評價。
Period 1 Warming-up & listening
Goals: 1. Get the Ss to talk about what science and scientific achievements have affected the world to stimulate them to further efforts.
2. Cultivate the students’ ability of listening for information.
一、Warming up
Task 1.Greeting: Have a free chat with the Ss about their holidays to present the topic scientific achievements
Task 2. Match the scientists and their scientific achievements （group work）
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
the Wright Brothers‘ the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
Task 3. Talk about scientific achievements
1) How have the scientific achievements changed the world?
2) Which one do you think is the most important? Why?
3) What are some other scientific achievements that you think are important?
4) Do these achievements have anything in common? If so, what?
Task 4. Discussion (pair work)
Is this an easy job to achieve success in science research? What makes a scientist?
二、Pre-listening
Task Get to know Neil Armstrong, Alexander Gramham Bell, Ray Tomlinson and Armchimedes.
三、Listening
Task 1. Listen to part 1 and complete the chart below.
Words Speaker Achievement
“That’s one small step for a man , one giant leap for mankind Neil Armstrong
“Mr Watson, ______________;
I want you.” Alexander Graham Bell
“QWERTYUIOP” Ray Tomlinson
Can you explain Tomlinson’s message?
Task 2 .Listen to part 2 and complete the sentence below.
1.The word “ “ are famous because they are the
of The Constitution of the United States of America.
2.Eureka is a word from the language and means
3.If you ask a father, he might say : “ “
If you ask a mother, she might say : “ “
四、Post-listening (group work)
Language input: As what you have heard just now, some words become famous not because they are beautiful or wise but because they are spoken when a great new scientific achievement is being announced or made. If you are lucky enough to be the first person…., what would you say?
Task: Choose one situation and then share with your partners.
A the first person on Mars
B the first cloned human being
C the first person to travel in time
五、Homework
1 Listen to the tape, finish the listening part on WB (p81).
2 Preview the reading passage.
Period Two Speaking
Goals:1.Learn and master the useful expressions
2.Train the students’ listening and speaking abilities.
3.Talk about scientists and scientific achievement, urging the students to further understand the significant of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.
一、Pre-task
Another new year began. Have you got any wishes/ plans? What are they? With your plan made, what intentions have you got? In this way the following expressions are aroused.
Useful expressions
If I got the money, I would…
My plan is to…..
I hope that…
I would rather….
How I wish… I want / wish/ hope / intend/ plan to…
I’d like to…
I’m thinking of…
I’m going to….
I have decided to…
二、Speaking (group work)
Situation: Four scientists ,each of whom is working on an important project, want to get money to complete their project. Each scientist will introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important. The organizer will listen to all the scientists and ask questions. At the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why.
Dr Wilson
You and your team are working on a cure for AIDS. Your research is extremely important because . Dr Jones
Your research project is about cloning and how to use the new technology to cure diseases. Your project is important because .
Dr Smith
You want to development new technology that will make it possible to grow food in areas where there is very little water. This is important because . Dr Winfrey
You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. This is a very important project because .
三、Post task
1.Just now you did a very good job in acting as a scientist. Do you want to be a scientist? If so, which field are you interested in? If not, what do you want to be? Use the expressions of wishes and intentions to talk about your dream.
2. Imagine you are a reporter who is going to report the space hero about his wishes and intentions. Take turns acting as interviewer and interviewee.
四、Homework
1. Interview your parents about their wishes and intentions using the expressions we learent.
2. Preview the reading passage.
Period 3&4 Reading
Goals: 1.Learn and master the following words and phrases. likely, private, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure, locate, valley.
2.Train the Ss’ reading ability.(Read for general information and detailed information.)
3.Get the Ss to learn about Zhongguancun--China’s Silicon Valley.
一、Pre-reading
1.Are scientific achievements important? How do they improve our daily life? How do they improve society?
2.Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?
3.As is known to us, scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also promote the development of mankind and society. So I want to run a hi-tech company, what should I arrange for? What kind of support and environment would I need?
4.What if I set up my company in Zhongguancun ? How much do you know about Zhongguancun?
5.Do you know the sign “Lenovo”? Where is it located?
二、While-reading
1. Fast reading
Task: Read the text quickly and try to find information about Zhongguancun to finish the chart below.
Item Zhongguancun
Locating
Brief history
Spirit/culture
Educational institutions
Hi-tech companies
2、Careful reading
Task 1 : Get to know the outline of the text
1.Does this article have a topic sentence? What is it?
2.What are the supporting ideas?
be home to
Zhongguancun: Center be home to
be home to
Task 2: Get to know detailed information
1.Why did Xiang Yufang study abroad and work abroad for a few years？
2.What made it possible for Xiang Yufang to return to China?
3.How does Zhongguancun affect business?
4..What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?
三、Listening & Questions
Task: Listen to the tape and finish the True or Fasle.
1. Zhongguancun is the new center for Chinese science and education
2. Within the next ten years, more than a hundred scientific and hi-tech companies moved into Zhongguancun.
3. Xiang Yufang studied abroad because he felt comfortable abroad.
4. More than 8,000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun. More than half of them are IT companies.
5. Zhongguancun park is home to Lenovo and Founder and more than 20 famous national companies.
6. The researchers and scientists know that the spirit and creativity they represent are no more than money.
四、Post-reading
Choose the correct answers. There may be more than one correct answer.
1.According to the author, Zhongguancun is home to .
A. some famous research institutes and universities B. many IT companies
C. more and more returned overseas Chinese D. a number of science parks.
2.What is NOT true about Zhongguancun?
A. It is located in Haidian District, in northwestern Beijing.
B.It was set up as a special economic zone in the 1990s.
C. Most of its companies are doing IT business.
D. It is not a good place for new companies.
3.According to the reading, Xiang Yufang returned to China and opened a company in Zhongguancun because .
A. he wanted to see more of the world
B. he enjoyed working with the best scientists in his field
C. he could enjoy his work and contribute to his country at the same time
D. he missed his friends and family
4.According to the graph in the passage, how many of the people who work in Zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above?
A. 25,000 B. 30,000 C. 35,000 D. 180,000
5.How is ‘failure” understood in Zhonguancun?
A. There are fewer failure in Zhongguancun
B. Many of its researchers and scientists will try hard not to fail.
C. Failure is a necessary part of being successful.
D. The best thing about failure is that you learn every time you fail.
五、Discussion (group work)
Language input: In this class, we’ve learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage. As a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. It is sometimes called “China’s Silicon Valley”. Do you know “Silicon Valley”? Where is it? When was it set up? Why was it set up?
Task: Work in groups of four to compare these two science parks and find out in which ways they are similar and different. You can refer to the following chart.
Hi-tech Park Silicon Valley Zhongguancun
When was it established?
Why was it established?
Where is it?
What kinds of companies are located there?
What are some famous companies?
Why do people want to work there?
六、Homework
1. Pick out some sentences you enjoy most, & try to recite them as possible as you can .
2. Consult the following websites.
http://www.zgc.gov.cn/
http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/
Period 5 Language Study
Goals: 1.Learn some words which are the closest in meaning.
2.Study the ways of forming a word.
3.Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.
一、Revision.
Task . Introduce Zhongguancun
二、Word study
Task 1. Use the clues below to guess the words
1.the opposite of “public” 2.a synonym of “depend”
3.the lowest or bottom part 4.of the sun
5.an organization for educational or research purpose.
6.unusually large person, animal, plant.
7.area or region with a particular feature or use.
8.without any fault or bad points.
Task 2. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of each sentence.(P5)
三、Presentation
Task: Study the words on the screen and find out the ways of forming a word. (class work)
International=inter + national telephone= tele + phone
Mankind=man + kind broadband=broad + band
Extremely=extreme + ly manned=man + ed
Hi-tech=high + technology e-mail=electronic mail
IT=information + technology CSA=Chinese Space Agency
affixation: international, telephone, extremely, manned
Compounding: mankind, broadband
clipping: hi-tech, e-mail
abbreviation: IT, CSA
四、Practice
Task 1. Finish the Exx2-4 to understand how the words are formed.(P6)
Task 2. Get to know the meaning of stems and affixes. (pair work)
. Look at the stems and affixes on the screen. Match each of them with the right meaning on the right.
Trans- carry
-graph see
tele- below
super- life
co- together/with
vis- more than usual
bio- far
sub- across
-port writing
Task 3. Word formation makes it easy for the Ss to guess the meaning of words using
context clues.
Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.
a.Many countries import most of the oil they use.
b.He studied biophysics at college.
c.It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.
d.All you luggage will be transported to the destination by train.
e.My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a superstar.
五、Consolidation
Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed (pair work)
Homework:
1. Finish off the exercises on the workbook.(p83-84.
2. Preview integrating skills
Period 6 Integrating Skills
Goals: 1.Learn and master the new words and phrases
2.Train the Ss’ integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.
一、Revision
1. Ask the Ss to find some examples for each way of forming a word?
2. Guess some new words with the help of word formation.
a. The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
b. She has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.
c. He is a kind of intellectual superman.
d. The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate .
e. Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil.
3.Lead in: Human beings are creative, and many scientific achievements have been made in our history. What great inventions do you know in China’s history? What red hot achievements do you know?
二、Fast reading
1. What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?
2. Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?
三、Careful reading (group work)
Work in groups of four . Use what you have learnt from the text to complete the chart below.
Field Achievements Importance
Exploring space
Genetic research
Computer engineering
Medical science
四、Writing
1. Which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievement?
2. Situation: Do you know Modern Science? They are thinking of writing an essay about the greatest scientific achievement but they find it difficult to decide . Write a short essay in about 150 words, telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think so. The following outline may be helpful to you.
Introduction: state your view
Outline body : give your reasons (at least 2)
Conclusion: summary
五、Self-Assessment
Using the assessing part on P.87, Ss are helped to review what they have learned or done in this unit learning. In this way they can learn to reflect and pay attention to their weak points in the later learning (the evaluation items can be adapted if appropriate).
教學反思
本單元的教學設計從學生實際出發，以科技成就為主線設計了若干情景與活動，旨在讓學生積極參與學習活動，開口說英語，并使學生在輕松愉快的氛圍中掌握語言知識，鍛煉閱讀理解能力。在教學實踐中筆者體會到，教學應注意以下幾點：：
1． 學生在合作中學習更有助于提高學生學習的積極性，以及課堂參與的積極性。所以應當發揮小組功能，在合作中操練。小組活動是課堂活動的主要形式，如何落實小組中各個學生的角色是組織好小組活動的關鍵。這需要教師長期的訓練。
2．設計活動時要充分考慮學生的情感態度，要設法讓學生在快樂中學習。但教師不能片面地追求所謂的“快樂”，一味強調課堂氣氛的活躍，而忽視學生對知識的掌握和對學生能力的培養。
3．信息技術的運用要為教學服務，不可喧賓奪主。在教學過程與信息技術的整合過程中，教師應注意信息技術只是一種輔助手段，不能由它控制全部流程。同時也應有效地利用這種手段，加快課堂節奏，增加課堂容量，提高課堂教學效率，使課堂氣氛更加活躍，讓學生在輕松愉快的環境中得到感情上的升華。
4．要處理好實踐與反思的關系。反思是實踐的一面鏡子，能折射出實踐中的成功和不足之處，以期在以后的教學中借鑒成功，改進不足。